{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205381552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093","title":"Joint Transmit and Receive Beamforming Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication","display_name":"Joint Transmit and Receive Beamforming Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205381552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074059732","display_name":"Na Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-2797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-2797","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398951","display_name":"Yunlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-3889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering and the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-3889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering and the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021299763","display_name":"Zhibo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-2191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044591893","display_name":"Qing Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7697-4459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052022779","display_name":"Yuan Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-1964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering and the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-1964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering and the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":36.1215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99703663,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"3","first_page":"662","last_page":"666"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8431148529052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7557380795478821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6810965538024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6182748079299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5965726971626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio","score":0.5263936519622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.503363311290741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.48613783717155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.41280290484428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3559279441833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33377164602279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.32681167125701904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3238360285758972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13226893544197083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08130466938018799}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8431148529052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7557380795478821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6810965538024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6182748079299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5965726971626282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98824394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4035626","display_name":"Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio","level":3,"score":0.5263936519622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.503363311290741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.48613783717155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.41280290484428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3559279441833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33377164602279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32681167125701904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3238360285758972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13226893544197083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08130466938018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3140093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1929769234","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M701952","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7877711908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFC1511803","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059210598","https://openalex.org/W2092943378","https://openalex.org/W2156427903","https://openalex.org/W2156577211","https://openalex.org/W2343272313","https://openalex.org/W2606240127","https://openalex.org/W2955704495","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W2970117111","https://openalex.org/W2972579901","https://openalex.org/W2977470078","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3084049968","https://openalex.org/W3119152637","https://openalex.org/W6782607430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2105999282","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W2136902318","https://openalex.org/W1985427746","https://openalex.org/W2990527080","https://openalex.org/W4206080141","https://openalex.org/W2920328145"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"consider":[1],"the":[2,5,22,41,55,59,64,80,85,95],"problem":[3],"of":[4,8,58,66,84],"joint":[6,56],"design":[7,57],"transmit":[9],"and":[10,18,35,51,68,73,101],"receive":[11],"beamforming":[12],"(TRBF)":[13],"vectors":[14],"for":[15,48,87],"integrated":[16],"sensing":[17],"communication":[19,69],"systems":[20],"in":[21,70],"signal-dependent":[23],"interference":[24],"scenario.":[25],"The":[26],"dual-functional":[27],"base":[28],"station":[29],"can":[30],"communicate":[31],"with":[32],"downlink":[33],"users":[34],"detect":[36],"targets":[37],"simultaneously.":[38],"By":[39],"adopting":[40],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[42],"ratio":[43],"(SINR)":[44],"as":[45],"performance":[46,83],"metrics":[47],"both":[49,71],"radar":[50,67],"communication,":[52],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"TRBF":[60],"strategy":[61],"to":[62],"manifest":[63],"balance":[65],"perfect":[72],"imperfect":[74],"channel":[75],"state":[76],"information":[77],"scenarios.":[78],"Meanwhile,":[79],"upper":[81],"bound":[82],"SINR":[86,96],"target":[88,99],"detection":[89,100],"is":[90],"analyzed.":[91],"Numerical":[92],"results":[93],"show":[94],"trade-offs":[97],"between":[98],"user":[102],"communication.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-16T07:02:28.622633","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}