{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955124763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2925349","title":"Rate Analysis of Uplink Massive MIMO With Low-Resolution ADCs and ZF Detectors Over Rician Fading Channels","display_name":"Rate Analysis of Uplink Massive MIMO With Low-Resolution ADCs and ZF Detectors Over Rician Fading Channels","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955124763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2925349","mag":"2955124763"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2019.2925349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2925349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/640927/2/MaMIMO_CommLetters_Sofia.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020614677","display_name":"Sofia Ghacham","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sofia Ghacham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Team in Smart Communications, E3S Research Center, EMI, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Team in Smart Communications, E3S Research Center, EMI, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090034400","display_name":"Mustapha Benjillali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-1067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153527","display_name":"Institut National des Postes et T\u00e9l\u00e9communications","ror":"https://ror.org/052bnvt46","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153527","https://openalex.org/I4210167103"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustapha Benjillali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Systems Department, INPT, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-1067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Systems Department, INPT, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016605260","display_name":"Liesbet Van der Perre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9158-9628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liesbet Van der Perre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9158-9628","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068451870","display_name":"Zouhair Guennoun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7142-0550"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zouhair Guennoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Team in Smart Communications, E3S Research Center, EMI, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Team in Smart Communications, E3S Research Center, EMI, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7576,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69850497,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"9","first_page":"1631","last_page":"1635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.9170747399330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.6648019552230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6569693088531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6252725124359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5777219533920288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.563295841217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5435776710510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4894663095474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleaving","display_name":"Interleaving","score":0.4723528325557709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.42259421944618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-power","display_name":"Noise power","score":0.41699719429016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.41593801975250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33268675208091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2608020305633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2178483009338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16270193457603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14585518836975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.11234092712402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.06725361943244934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.9170747399330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.6648019552230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6569693088531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6252725124359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5777219533920288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.563295841217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5435776710510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4894663095474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28034677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092530","display_name":"Interleaving","level":2,"score":0.4723528325557709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.42259421944618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203234222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133519","display_name":"Noise power","level":3,"score":0.41699719429016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.41593801975250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33268675208091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2608020305633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2178483009338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16270193457603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14585518836975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.11234092712402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.06725361943244934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2019.2925349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2925349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/640927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/640927/2/MaMIMO_CommLetters_Sofia.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Communications Letters, vol. 23 (9), (1631-1635)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/640927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/640927/2/MaMIMO_CommLetters_Sofia.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Communications Letters, vol. 23 (9), (1631-1635)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999833500","https://openalex.org/W2084304524","https://openalex.org/W2134179788","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2189415357","https://openalex.org/W2262641688","https://openalex.org/W2400729854","https://openalex.org/W2557898533","https://openalex.org/W2597206177","https://openalex.org/W2738399415","https://openalex.org/W2789947301","https://openalex.org/W2796217188","https://openalex.org/W2963415238","https://openalex.org/W6713155927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607978590","https://openalex.org/W2980109842","https://openalex.org/W2783554303","https://openalex.org/W1576013675","https://openalex.org/W2154316601","https://openalex.org/W2113587703","https://openalex.org/W2938807808","https://openalex.org/W1965669147","https://openalex.org/W2175983084","https://openalex.org/W2158612423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,28],"order":[1],"to":[2,16,104],"increase":[3],"energy":[4],"efficiency":[5,36],"(EE),":[6],"analog-to-digital":[7],"converters":[8],"(ADCs)":[9],"with":[10,42,94],"a":[11,56,106],"low":[12],"resolution":[13],"are":[14,102],"used":[15],"reduce":[17],"the":[18,33,60,65,72],"internal":[19],"power":[20],"consumption":[21],"in":[22],"massive":[23,39],"multiple-input":[24],"multiple-output":[25],"(MIMO)":[26],"systems.":[27],"this":[29],"letter,":[30],"we":[31,63],"derive":[32],"uplink":[34],"spectral":[35],"(SE)":[37],"of":[38,59],"MIMO":[40],"systems":[41],"low-resolution":[43,116],"ADCs":[44],"over":[45],"Rician":[46,100],"fading":[47,101],"channels":[48],"and":[49,80,111],"using":[50,115],"zero-forcing":[51],"(ZF)":[52],"detectors.":[53],"To":[54],"obtain":[55],"closed-form":[57],"expression":[58],"sum":[61],"rate,":[62],"adopt":[64],"additive":[66,79],"quantization":[67,73],"noise":[68,74],"model":[69],"(AQNM),":[70],"where":[71],"is":[75,85],"treated":[76],"as":[77],"an":[78],"independent":[81],"noise.":[82],"Our":[83],"analysis":[84],"supported":[86],"by":[87],"various":[88],"numerical":[89],"results.":[90],"For":[91],"instance,":[92],"compared":[93],"Rayleigh":[95],"fading,":[96],"specific":[97],"conditions":[98],"under":[99],"needed":[103],"keep":[105],"good":[107],"tradeoff":[108],"between":[109],"EE":[110],"system":[112],"performance":[113],"while":[114],"ADCs.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-29T07:29:34.045763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
