{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2521917377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2610962","title":"High-Rate APSK-Aided Differential Spatial Modulation: Design Method and Performance Analysis","display_name":"High-Rate APSK-Aided Differential Spatial Modulation: Design Method and Performance Analysis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2521917377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2610962","mag":"2521917377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2016.2610962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2610962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086773740","display_name":"Jiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0613-0298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100688417","display_name":"Lilin Dan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-0633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lilin Dan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7009-0633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067307195","display_name":"Ping Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6559-3252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6559-3252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017977971","display_name":"Lixiao Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9142-7802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixiao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070410939","display_name":"Yu Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-6778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100701341","display_name":"Yue Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-8947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-8947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2767,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94706997,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"168","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-and-phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","score":0.6910536289215088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6185722947120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5342587232589722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-modulation","display_name":"Spatial modulation","score":0.5189335346221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.4981825351715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.4365929365158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","score":0.4136471450328827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.41240257024765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.39380407333374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.340198278427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3395349979400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.22275778651237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.20848721265792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.17272436618804932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13348668813705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1151871383190155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127240579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477229","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.6910536289215088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6185722947120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5342587232589722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019745063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107304836","display_name":"Spatial modulation","level":4,"score":0.5189335346221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4981825351715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.4365929365158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.4136471450328827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.41240257024765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.39380407333374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.340198278427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3395349979400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.22275778651237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.20848721265792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.17272436618804932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13348668813705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1151871383190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lcomm.2016.2610962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2610962","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1265918824","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYGX2015J011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1846427051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8751004292","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015D09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","funder_display_name":"Southeast University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976095970","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2056295638","https://openalex.org/W2076157696","https://openalex.org/W2131994182","https://openalex.org/W2152692275","https://openalex.org/W2157506678","https://openalex.org/W2295559644","https://openalex.org/W2334570067","https://openalex.org/W2461278549","https://openalex.org/W2807852543","https://openalex.org/W2963170755","https://openalex.org/W4256217385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2893995248","https://openalex.org/W2148868771","https://openalex.org/W2085207364","https://openalex.org/W1993069619","https://openalex.org/W2408534990","https://openalex.org/W2366061186","https://openalex.org/W2003011219","https://openalex.org/W2184919146","https://openalex.org/W2291383639","https://openalex.org/W2259617208"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Differential":[0],"spatial":[1],"modulation":[2],"(DSM)":[3],"is":[4,44,67,78,97],"a":[5,15,31,50],"novel":[6,32],"multiple-input":[7],"multiple-output":[8],"wireless":[9],"transmission":[10],"technique,":[11],"which":[12],"relies":[13],"on":[14,37,81],"single":[16],"radio-frequency":[17],"transmit":[18],"structure":[19],"without":[20],"the":[21,24,38,55,62,70,74,91,94],"need":[22],"of":[23,54,61,73,99],"channel":[25],"state":[26],"information.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"letter,":[30],"high-rate":[33],"design":[34],"scheme":[35,66,96],"relying":[36],"amplitude":[39],"phase":[40],"shift":[41],"keying":[42],"(APSK)":[43],"proposed":[45,63,95],"for":[46],"DSM":[47,65,76,109],"schemes.":[48,110],"Moreover,":[49],"simplified":[51],"upper":[52],"bound":[53],"average":[56],"bit":[57,102],"error":[58,103],"probability":[59],"(ABEP)":[60],"APSK-aided":[64],"derived":[68],"and":[69],"ring":[71],"ratio":[72],"designed":[75],"constellation":[77],"optimized":[79],"based":[80],"our":[82],"theoretical":[83],"ABEP":[84],"results.":[85],"Simulation":[86],"results":[87],"show":[88],"that,":[89],"at":[90],"same":[92],"throughputs,":[93],"capable":[98],"providing":[100],"considerable":[101],"rate":[104],"performance":[105],"improvement":[106],"over":[107],"conventional":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}