{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147331935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas67804.2026.11457088","title":"Design-Space Exploration of Approximate Adders in 5\u00d75 Gaussian Filter Kernels","display_name":"Design-Space Exploration of Approximate Adders in 5\u00d75 Gaussian Filter Kernels","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147331935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas67804.2026.11457088"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lascas67804.2026.11457088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas67804.2026.11457088","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE 17th Latin America Symposium on Circuits and System (LASCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rafael Cardoso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169248161","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pelotas","ror":"https://ror.org/05msy9z54","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Cardoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel),Graduate Program on Computing,Pelotas,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel),Graduate Program on Computing,Pelotas,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132594861","display_name":"Morgana M. A. da Rosa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110676245","display_name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de Pelotas","ror":"https://ror.org/0376myh60","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110676245"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morgana M. A. da Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel),Graduate Program on Electronic Engineering and Computing,Pelotas,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel),Graduate Program on Electronic Engineering and Computing,Pelotas,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110676245"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115826066","display_name":"Eduardo Da Costa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126460647","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/05hpfkn88","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126460647"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo da Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG),Graduate Program on Computing,Rio Grande,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG),Graduate Program on Computing,Rio Grande,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126460647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030974893","display_name":"Rafael Soares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-7272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169248161","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Pelotas","ror":"https://ror.org/05msy9z54","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel),Graduate Program on Computing,Pelotas,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel),Graduate Program on Computing,Pelotas,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169248161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28085925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.34709998965263367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.34709998965263367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.2818000018596649,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.03460000082850456,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-filter","display_name":"Gaussian filter","score":0.6621000170707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5814999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.553600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.5148000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-function","display_name":"Gaussian function","score":0.4837000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.46070000529289246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65892221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1113935","display_name":"Gaussian filter","level":3,"score":0.6621000170707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5814999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5665000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.559499979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.553600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.5148000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7218915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054475","display_name":"Gaussian function","level":3,"score":0.4837000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.46070000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1633673","display_name":"Datapath","level":2,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.384799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3776000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58315980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179436","display_name":"Asymptote","level":2,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36390408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163067","display_name":"Digital filter","level":3,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22597639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449227","display_name":"Filter design","level":3,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986314615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto optimal","level":3,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145242015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774123","display_name":"Approximation theory","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1894545","display_name":"Gaussian blur","level":5,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13107197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6394192","display_name":"Kernel adaptive filter","level":4,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lascas67804.2026.11457088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas67804.2026.11457088","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE 17th Latin America Symposium on Circuits and System (LASCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G222054637","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23/25551-0002204-4,25/2551-0000892-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322502","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322502","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/05k49za97"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005865544","https://openalex.org/W2801205959","https://openalex.org/W2919795555","https://openalex.org/W2982216783","https://openalex.org/W2982544492","https://openalex.org/W3043004183","https://openalex.org/W3112844319","https://openalex.org/W3116186505","https://openalex.org/W3126588643","https://openalex.org/W3193362689","https://openalex.org/W4210298702","https://openalex.org/W4282553148","https://openalex.org/W4311310499","https://openalex.org/W4313250823","https://openalex.org/W4328027077","https://openalex.org/W4401607541","https://openalex.org/W4403278872","https://openalex.org/W4405598767","https://openalex.org/W4415744064"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,127],"paper":[1],"explores":[2],"twenty":[3],"approximate":[4],"adder":[5],"(AxAs)":[6],"versions":[7],"in":[8],"a":[9,42,46,54,58,97],"5\u00d75":[10,43],"Gaussian":[11,47,90,134],"filter":[12,91],"kernel,":[13],"including":[14],"COPYA,":[15],"COPY-B,":[16],"COPY-AB,":[17],"COPY-BA,":[18],"ETA-I,":[19],"LOA,":[20],"TRUNC-0,":[21],"TRUNC-1,":[22],"Aprox5,":[23],"HEAA,":[24],"HERLOA,":[25],"M-HEAA,":[26],"M-HERLOA,":[27,144],"OLOCA,":[28],"SETA,":[29],"HOAANED,":[30],"HOERAA,":[31],"LDCA,":[32,143],"LZTA,":[33,142],"and":[34,72,102,145],"AxPPA,":[35],"into":[36],"the":[37,76,88],"25":[38],"-addition":[39],"datapath":[40],"of":[41,45,61],"kernel":[44],"filter.":[48],"Each":[49],"architecture":[50],"is":[51],"evaluated":[52],"across":[53],"range$K=1$to$K=8$approximation":[55],"bits":[56],"using":[57],"comprehensive":[59],"set":[60],"accuracy":[62,101],"metrics.":[63],"The":[64],"Pareto-optimal":[65],"front":[66],"results":[67,121],"revealed":[68],"that":[69,138],"LZTA":[70],"($K=1$to$K=3$)":[71],"LDCA":[73],"($K=2$)":[74],"dominate":[75],"areaquality":[77],"Pareto":[78,131],"front,":[79],"reducing":[80],"area":[81],"by":[82],"up":[83],"to":[84,87],"77.3%":[85],"compared":[86],"exact":[89],"while":[92,124],"maintaining":[93,107],"NCC$\\geq":[94,108],"0.9998$.":[95],"AxPPA$(K=2)$offers":[96],"favourable":[98],"trade-off":[99],"between":[100],"area,":[103],"reaching":[104],"78.2%":[105],"area-savings":[106],"0.99981$.":[109],"Notably,":[110],"even":[111],"aggressive":[112],"approximation":[113],"levels":[114],"(e.g.,":[115],"COPY-B$K=8$and$TRUNC-0":[116],"K=8$)":[117],"preserve":[118],"visually":[119],"acceptable":[120],"($NCC":[122],"&gt;0.83536$)":[123],"achieving$&gt;98.9":[125],"\\%$energy-savings.":[126],"exploration":[128],"establishes":[129],"new":[130],"fronts":[132],"for":[133,150],"filtering":[135],"accelerators,":[136],"demonstrating":[137],"AxAs":[139],"such":[140],"as":[141],"AxPPA":[146],"are":[147],"strong":[148],"candidates":[149],"low-energy,":[151],"accuracy-aware":[152],"image":[153],"processing":[154],"hardware.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}
