{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972846218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas.2015.7250406","title":"Realization of 4D ladder structured digital filters","display_name":"Realization of 4D ladder structured digital filters","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972846218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas.2015.7250406","mag":"1972846218"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lascas.2015.7250406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas.2015.7250406","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 6th Latin American Symposium on Circuits & Systems (LASCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080584604","display_name":"M. T. Kousoulis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10853899","display_name":"Bergen Community College","ror":"https://ror.org/02hwvpm08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10853899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166088655","display_name":"Montclair State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nxc2t48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.T. Kousoulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Information Technology, Bergen Com. College, Paramus, NJ, USA","[Department of Computer Science, Montclair State University Montclair, NJ, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Information Technology, Bergen Com. College, Paramus, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10853899"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, Montclair State University Montclair, NJ, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101936476","display_name":"Georgia Antoniou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9027-2031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166088655","display_name":"Montclair State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nxc2t48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.E. Antoniou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. Computer Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA","[Department of Computer Science, Montclair State University Montclair, NJ, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Computer Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, Montclair State University Montclair, NJ, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78543907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.898876428604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.6881246566772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-filter","display_name":"Digital filter","score":0.5186837911605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimal-realization","display_name":"Minimal realization","score":0.5107417106628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4973924458026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.4947890639305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.48043131828308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4794389307498932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.4293571710586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3978040814399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3759964108467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3463817238807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33987492322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.2940266728401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17697477340698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13813242316246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.11503741145133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.08293011784553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.08168059587478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.07227551937103271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.898876428604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6881246566772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36390408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163067","display_name":"Digital filter","level":3,"score":0.5186837911605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205609532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770324","display_name":"Minimal realization","level":3,"score":0.5107417106628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4973924458026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.4947890639305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.48043131828308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4794389307498932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.4293571710586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3978040814399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3759964108467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3463817238807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33987492322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2940266728401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17697477340698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13813242316246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.11503741145133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.08293011784553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.08168059587478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.07227551937103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lascas.2015.7250406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lascas.2015.7250406","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 6th Latin American Symposium on Circuits & Systems (LASCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100563183","https://openalex.org/W1434226134","https://openalex.org/W1530768209","https://openalex.org/W1533155545","https://openalex.org/W1584220632","https://openalex.org/W1587890916","https://openalex.org/W1763675406","https://openalex.org/W1949931209","https://openalex.org/W1964957286","https://openalex.org/W1970196181","https://openalex.org/W1977013487","https://openalex.org/W1977477670","https://openalex.org/W2031124363","https://openalex.org/W2032937499","https://openalex.org/W2047767027","https://openalex.org/W2047879989","https://openalex.org/W2055779623","https://openalex.org/W2062358783","https://openalex.org/W2064054683","https://openalex.org/W2068065253","https://openalex.org/W2074184807","https://openalex.org/W2075723707","https://openalex.org/W2090374461","https://openalex.org/W2098353811","https://openalex.org/W2104960397","https://openalex.org/W2132084981","https://openalex.org/W2132203055","https://openalex.org/W2133119021","https://openalex.org/W2145893454","https://openalex.org/W4238915870","https://openalex.org/W4289867895","https://openalex.org/W6604058645","https://openalex.org/W6669086808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2734546921","https://openalex.org/W1970266982","https://openalex.org/W1989574964","https://openalex.org/W2402126790","https://openalex.org/W1978743646","https://openalex.org/W2118696288","https://openalex.org/W4250770102","https://openalex.org/W4235249401","https://openalex.org/W1991129225","https://openalex.org/W2131368339"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"generalized":[3],"circuit":[4,17],"and":[5],"state-space":[6,32],"realizations":[7],"for":[8],"four-dimensional":[9],"(4D)":[10],"ladder":[11],"structured":[12],"filters.":[13],"The":[14],"proposed":[15],"4D":[16],"realization":[18],"contains":[19],"a":[20],"minimum":[21],"number":[22],"of":[23,30,42],"delay":[24],"elements.":[25],"In":[26],"addition":[27],"the":[28,31,43],"dimension":[29],"vector":[33],"is":[34,46],"minimal.":[35],"A":[36],"salient":[37],"example,":[38],"simple":[39],"yet":[40],"illustrative,":[41],"presented":[44],"concepts":[45],"given.":[47]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}