{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414198809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154565","title":"Have your CAKE and eat it too: Scaling software rate limiting across CPU cores","display_name":"Have your CAKE and eat it too: Scaling software rate limiting across CPU cores","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414198809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154565","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LANMAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119620307","display_name":"Jonas K\u00f6ppeler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonas K\u00f6ppeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit&#x00E4;t Berlin,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit&#x00E4;t Berlin,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031222214","display_name":"Toke H\u00f8iland-J\u00f8rgensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-6815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328219102","display_name":"Red Hat (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ncs3316","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328219102"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toke H\u00f8iland-J\u00f8rgensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Red Hat,Skibby,Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Red Hat,Skibby,Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328219102"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066080641","display_name":"Stefan Schmid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-1711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schmid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit&#x00E4;t Berlin,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit&#x00E4;t Berlin,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27891687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.6977999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.633400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.5845000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.5756000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","score":0.5674999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.5527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5224999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.5121999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.49160000681877136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.6977999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.633400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6189000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5845000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5756000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.5674999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.5527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5224999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.5121999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.49160000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.40939998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49154492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5300","display_name":"Central processing unit","level":2,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24084028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429781","display_name":"Scaling limit","level":3,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75438885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3403615","display_name":"Large deviations theory","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777131613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18394147","display_name":"Retard","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154565","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LANMAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979866793","https://openalex.org/W2480111655","https://openalex.org/W2743636099","https://openalex.org/W2802811833","https://openalex.org/W2891681643","https://openalex.org/W2964247511","https://openalex.org/W4232013398"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"shaping":[1],"is":[2,40,73,102],"a":[3,60,92,104,114,154],"critical":[4],"function":[5],"for":[6],"the":[7,77,139,149,167,185],"efficient":[8],"operation":[9],"of":[10,184],"modern":[11],"networks,":[12],"with":[13,34,176,180],"applications":[14],"ranging":[15],"from":[16],"data":[17],"center":[18],"networks":[19],"to":[20,42,69,121,146,171],"home":[21],"routers.":[22],"To":[23,130],"correctly":[24],"fulfill":[25],"their":[26],"expected":[27],"task,":[28],"traffic":[29,44],"shapers":[30,45],"must":[31],"keep":[32],"up":[33],"increasing":[35],"line":[36],"rates.":[37],"While":[38],"it":[39],"possible":[41],"scale":[43,123],"across":[46,126,174],"multiple":[47,127,143],"CPUs":[48],"via":[49],"hardware":[50,128],"queues,":[51],"in":[52],"some":[53],"cases":[54],"\u2014":[55,64],"such":[56],"as":[57,85],"when":[58],"enforcing":[59,91],"global":[61,93,155],"rate":[62,94,124,156],"limit":[63,95],"these":[65],"algorithms":[66],"underperform":[67],"due":[68],"lock":[70],"contentions.":[71],"This":[72],"especially":[74],"true":[75],"within":[76],"Linux":[78],"kernel,":[79],"where":[80],"scheduling":[81],"policies":[82],"are":[83],"realized":[84],"so-called":[86],"queuing":[87],"disciplines":[88],"(qdiscs)":[89],"and":[90,112,164],"can":[96],"only":[97],"be":[98],"achieved":[99],"on":[100],"what":[101],"effectively":[103],"single":[105],"CPU":[106],"core.In":[107],"this":[108,136],"work,":[109],"we":[110,134],"design":[111],"implement":[113],"lockless":[115],"synchronization":[116],"mechanism":[117,137],"that":[118,166,182],"allows":[119],"qdiscs":[120],"efficiently":[122],"limiting":[125],"queues.":[129],"demonstrate":[131],"its":[132],"practicality,":[133],"integrate":[135],"into":[138],"CAKE":[140,144],"qdisc,":[141],"enabling":[142],"instances":[145],"operate":[147],"under":[148],"MQ":[150],"qdisc":[151],"while":[152,188],"maintaining":[153],"limit.":[157],"We":[158],"perform":[159],"an":[160,177],"extensive":[161],"performance":[162],"evaluation":[163],"find":[165],"implementation":[168],"achieves":[169],"close":[170],"perfect":[172],"scaling":[173],"cores,":[175],"accuracy":[178],"deviation":[179],"less":[181],"0.25%":[183],"configured":[186],"rate,":[187],"keeping":[189],"latencies":[190],"low.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
