{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414198845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154492","title":"Deployment of a Machine Learning-SDN Pipeline for IoT Threat Detection in Smart City Environments","display_name":"Deployment of a Machine Learning-SDN Pipeline for IoT Threat Detection in Smart City Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414198845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154492","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LANMAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069324385","display_name":"Ant\u00f4nio Wendell De Oliveira Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-3610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018325552","display_name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/02225fd27","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018325552"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Wendell De O. Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Institute of Ceara - IFCE,PPGCC - Telematics Dept.,Fortaleza,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute of Ceara - IFCE,PPGCC - Telematics Dept.,Fortaleza,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018325552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057837589","display_name":"Francisco N\u00e9lio Costa Freitas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-7563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Erialdo D. Freitas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Institute of Ceara,PPGCC - Telematics Dept.,Fortaleza,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute of Ceara,PPGCC - Telematics Dept.,Fortaleza,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054633257","display_name":"Rodrigo Aguiar Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-5989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018325552","display_name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/02225fd27","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018325552"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rejane Cavalcante S\u00e1 Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Institute of Ceara,Technological Innovation Lab - LIT,Fortaleza,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute of Ceara,Technological Innovation Lab - LIT,Fortaleza,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102","https://openalex.org/I3018325552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047420833","display_name":"Rog\u00e9rio Guerra Di\u00f3genes Filho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125581668","display_name":"Universidade de Fortaleza","ror":"https://ror.org/02ynbzc81","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125581668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rog\u00e9rio Guerra Di\u00f3genes Filho","raw_affiliation_strings":["IFCE,NEPEN,Fortaleza,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IFCE,NEPEN,Fortaleza,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125581668"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082676202","display_name":"Arthur Ferreira de Araujo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-5415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125581668","display_name":"Universidade de Fortaleza","ror":"https://ror.org/02ynbzc81","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125581668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Luiz C. De Ara\u00fajo","raw_affiliation_strings":["IFCE,NEPEN,Fortaleza,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IFCE,NEPEN,Fortaleza,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125581668"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069324385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018325552"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30061183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.8835999965667725,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.8835999965667725,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.8203999996185303,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.7383999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.8411999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6432999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5038999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.48579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.4595000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3898000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.8411999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6485999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6432999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5038999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5008000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.48579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4595000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3898000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81293917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4189534","display_name":"System deployment","level":3,"score":0.36250001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C507571656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848436","display_name":"Home automation","level":2,"score":0.34950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163362911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17152351","display_name":"Smart system","level":3,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778505942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18344624","display_name":"Microservices","level":3,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154908896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2167404","display_name":"Security policy","level":2,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76763059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251072","display_name":"Machine to machine","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83931994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149653","display_name":"Building automation","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lanman66415.2025.11154492","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LANMAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903867560","https://openalex.org/W2937732501","https://openalex.org/W3200537716","https://openalex.org/W4246251357","https://openalex.org/W4327893913","https://openalex.org/W4328053354"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"cities":[1],"rely":[2],"on":[3,65,79],"IoT":[4],"systems":[5],"that":[6],"require":[7],"adaptive":[8],"security":[9],"against":[10],"evolving":[11],"cyber":[12],"threats.":[13],"This":[14],"paper":[15],"presents":[16],"a":[17,52],"modular":[18],"architecture":[19],"combining":[20],"machine":[21],"learning":[22],"(ML)":[23],"with":[24,69],"Software-Defined":[25],"Networking":[26],"(SDN)":[27],"for":[28],"real-time":[29],"threat":[30],"detection":[31],"and":[32,46,74,88,93,100],"mitigation":[33],"in":[34,55],"MQTT-based":[35],"LoRaWAN":[36],"networks.":[37],"The":[38],"system":[39],"uses":[40],"flow-level":[41],"features":[42],"to":[43],"preserve":[44],"privacy":[45],"enables":[47],"dynamic":[48],"policy":[49],"enforcement":[50],"via":[51],"REST":[53],"API":[54],"the":[56,66,82],"SDN":[57,86],"control":[58],"loop.":[59],"We":[60],"evaluate":[61],"13":[62],"ML":[63],"models":[64],"UNSW-NB15":[67],"dataset,":[68],"XGBoost":[70],"achieving":[71],"0.8995":[72],"accuracy":[73],"0.9927":[75],"AUC.":[76],"Though":[77],"based":[78],"synthetic":[80],"data,":[81],"solution":[83],"supports":[84],"extensibility,":[85],"portability,":[87],"future":[89],"integration":[90],"of":[91],"online":[92],"federated":[94],"learning.":[95],"Deployment":[96],"feasibility,":[97],"performance":[98],"impact,":[99],"scalability":[101],"are":[102],"also":[103],"addressed.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
