{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388408833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/kse59128.2023.10299438","title":"VFFINDER: A Graph-Based Approach for Automated Silent Vulnerability-Fix Identification","display_name":"VFFINDER: A Graph-Based Approach for Automated Silent Vulnerability-Fix Identification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388408833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/kse59128.2023.10299438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/kse59128.2023.10299438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kse59128.2023.10299438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 15th International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042201485","display_name":"Son Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-9870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177233841","display_name":"Vietnam National University, Hanoi","ror":"https://ror.org/02jmfj006","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Son Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University,Faculty of Information Technology,Hanoi,Vietnam","Faculty of Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University,Faculty of Information Technology,Hanoi,Vietnam","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088043727","display_name":"Thanh Trong Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3377-6565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177233841","display_name":"Vietnam National University, Hanoi","ror":"https://ror.org/02jmfj006","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thanh Trong Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University,Faculty of Information Technology,Hanoi,Vietnam","Faculty of Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University,Faculty of Information Technology,Hanoi,Vietnam","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084251723","display_name":"Hieu Dinh Vo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9407-1971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177233841","display_name":"Vietnam National University, Hanoi","ror":"https://ror.org/02jmfj006","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hieu Dinh Vo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University,Faculty of Information Technology,Hanoi,Vietnam","Faculty of Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University,Faculty of Information Technology,Hanoi,Vietnam","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042201485"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177233841"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9178,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8090996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6837493181228638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6757100820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.6556868553161621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-assessment","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","score":0.4836753308773041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4798269271850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4458867311477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.42836999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3767828047275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.29790303111076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.08694633841514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07697653770446777}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6837493181228638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6757100820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6556868553161621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.4836753308773041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4798269271850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4458867311477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.42836999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3767828047275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29790303111076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.08694633841514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07697653770446777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/kse59128.2023.10299438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kse59128.2023.10299438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 15th International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1992114977","https://openalex.org/W2070473038","https://openalex.org/W2516621648","https://openalex.org/W2583649498","https://openalex.org/W2767717989","https://openalex.org/W2785373701","https://openalex.org/W2884276923","https://openalex.org/W2888557792","https://openalex.org/W2955991060","https://openalex.org/W2963695795","https://openalex.org/W2963926786","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2972135640","https://openalex.org/W2979566992","https://openalex.org/W2999118008","https://openalex.org/W2999616200","https://openalex.org/W3090668753","https://openalex.org/W3091588759","https://openalex.org/W3098605233","https://openalex.org/W3134686229","https://openalex.org/W3161027892","https://openalex.org/W3161997752","https://openalex.org/W3175995826","https://openalex.org/W3178061567","https://openalex.org/W3183469243","https://openalex.org/W4210493608","https://openalex.org/W4221061332","https://openalex.org/W4288077069","https://openalex.org/W4289976167","https://openalex.org/W4297733535","https://openalex.org/W4308732630","https://openalex.org/W4313563788","https://openalex.org/W4380792805","https://openalex.org/W4381304075","https://openalex.org/W4384302745","https://openalex.org/W4385325176","https://openalex.org/W4392301058","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6748195418","https://openalex.org/W6748799445","https://openalex.org/W6767260250","https://openalex.org/W6851742399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1883246888","https://openalex.org/W2370114625","https://openalex.org/W2947584067","https://openalex.org/W2062873522","https://openalex.org/W1756374135","https://openalex.org/W3157230915","https://openalex.org/W3118510577","https://openalex.org/W2789975780","https://openalex.org/W2007895524","https://openalex.org/W2393340519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"increasing":[1],"reliance":[2],"of":[3,15,41,74,141,191],"software":[4],"projects":[5,43],"on":[6,58,138],"third-party":[7],"libraries":[8,17],"has":[9,77],"raised":[10],"concerns":[11],"about":[12],"the":[13,29,159,177,187,195],"security":[14],"these":[16,23],"due":[18,27],"to":[19,28,128,135,184,194],"hidden":[20],"vulnerabilities.":[21,67],"Managing":[22],"vul-nerabilities":[24],"is":[25],"challenging":[26],"time":[30],"gap":[31],"between":[32],"fixes":[33,83],"and":[34,109,144,169],"public":[35,59],"disclosures.":[36],"Moreover,":[37],"a":[38,90,139],"significant":[39],"portion":[40],"open-source":[42],"silently":[44],"fix":[45,98,179],"vulnerabilities":[46],"without":[47],"disclosure,":[48],"impacting":[49],"vulnerability":[50,82,97],"management.":[51],"Existing":[52],"tools":[53],"like":[54],"OWASP":[55],"heavily":[56],"rely":[57],"disclosures,":[60],"hindering":[61],"their":[62],"effectiveness":[63],"in":[64,112,147,164,167,171],"detecting":[65],"unknown":[66],"To":[68],"tackle":[69],"this":[70],"problem,":[71],"automated":[72,95],"identification":[73,180],"vulnerability-fixing":[75,117],"commits":[76,118,146],"emerged.":[78],"However,":[79],"identifying":[80],"silent":[81,96,178],"remains":[84],"challenging.":[85],"This":[86],"paper":[87],"presents":[88],"VFFINDER,":[89],"novel":[91],"graph-based":[92],"approach":[93],"for":[94],"identification.":[99],"VFFINDER":[100,115,137,156,174],"captures":[101],"structural":[102,130],"changes":[103],"using":[104,122],"Abstract":[105],"Syntax":[106],"Trees":[107],"(ASTs)":[108],"represents":[110],"them":[111],"annotated":[113],"ASTs.":[114],"distinguishes":[116],"from":[119],"non-fixing":[120,145],"ones":[121],"attention-based":[123],"graph":[124],"neural":[125],"network":[126],"models":[127],"extract":[129],"features.":[131],"We":[132],"conducted":[133],"experiments":[134],"evaluate":[136],"dataset":[140],"36K+":[142],"fixing":[143],"507":[148],"real-world":[149],"C/C++":[150],"projects.":[151],"Our":[152],"results":[153],"show":[154],"that":[155],"significantly":[157],"improves":[158],"state-of-the-art":[160],"methods":[161],"by":[162,182],"39-83%":[163],"Precision,":[165],"19-148%":[166],"Recall,":[168],"30%-109%":[170],"F1.":[172],"Especially,":[173],"speeds":[175],"up":[176,183],"process":[181],"47%":[185],"with":[186],"same":[188],"review":[189],"effort":[190],"5%":[192],"compared":[193],"existing":[196],"approaches.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}