{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379929808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jurse57346.2023.10144181","title":"Indoor LiDAR Point Clouds Upsampling for Object Detection Enhancement","display_name":"Indoor LiDAR Point Clouds Upsampling for Object Detection Enhancement","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379929808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jurse57346.2023.10144181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jurse57346.2023.10144181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jurse57346.2023.10144181","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112932626","display_name":"Yikai Yao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yikai Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Waterloo,Canada","Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061612965","display_name":"Sarah Narges Fatholahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9757-6783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Fatholahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Waterloo,Canada","Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100374691","display_name":"Yiping Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-6599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiping Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University,School of Geospatial Engineering and Science,Guangzhou,China","School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University,School of Geospatial Engineering and Science,Guangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100613889","display_name":"Jonathan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-0049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Waterloo,Canada","Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Department of Geography and Environmental Management,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06334976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upsampling","display_name":"Upsampling","score":0.910151481628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.8591963052749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.678406834602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5741949677467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.549483597278595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45711660385131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4368038773536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.43162935972213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4178415834903717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.37366199493408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1728419065475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.13678500056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08061543107032776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110384440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143270","display_name":"Upsampling","level":3,"score":0.910151481628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.8591963052749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.678406834602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5741949677467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.549483597278595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45711660385131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4368038773536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.43162935972213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4178415834903717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37366199493408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1728419065475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.13678500056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08061543107032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jurse57346.2023.10144181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jurse57346.2023.10144181","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1923184257","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2963121255","https://openalex.org/W2963390820","https://openalex.org/W2963680153","https://openalex.org/W2979912832","https://openalex.org/W2997337685","https://openalex.org/W3035346742","https://openalex.org/W3096754345","https://openalex.org/W3106699132","https://openalex.org/W3184736166","https://openalex.org/W6739778489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062399876","https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2956374172","https://openalex.org/W4281783339","https://openalex.org/W4293094720","https://openalex.org/W2739701376","https://openalex.org/W3176213335","https://openalex.org/W4292830139","https://openalex.org/W4319309705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LiDAR":[0,59],"sensors":[1],"generate":[2,73],"noisy,":[3],"sparse,":[4],"and":[5,45,76,133],"non-uniform":[6],"point":[7,26,33,40,90],"clouds.":[8,27],"Although":[9],"3D":[10],"sensing":[11],"has":[12],"had":[13],"significant":[14],"progress":[15],"in":[16,62,102],"recent":[17],"years,":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,36,83,105],"still":[21],"expensive":[22],"to":[23,38,72,131,140],"produce":[24],"high-quality":[25],"Therefore,":[28],"given":[29],"a":[30,58,74,143],"low-density":[31],"dataset,":[32],"cloud":[34,91],"upsampling":[35,53,92],"required":[37],"obtain":[39],"clouds":[41],"with":[42],"high":[43],"density":[44],"more":[46],"complete":[47],"details.":[48],"This":[49],"study":[50,104],"addresses":[51],"an":[52,63,68,108],"network":[54],"called":[55],"PU-GCN":[56],"on":[57,93],"dataset":[60,100],"collected":[61,106],"indoor":[64],"environment":[65],"such":[66],"as":[67],"underground":[69,109],"parking":[70,110],"lot":[71,111],"dense":[75],"uniform":[77],"dataset.":[78],"Then,":[79],"the":[80,87,94,125,134],"VoteNet":[81],"model":[82],"used":[84],"for":[85],"evaluating":[86],"impact":[88],"of":[89,96,145],"output":[95],"object":[97],"detection.":[98],"The":[99,118],"applys":[101],"this":[103],"at":[107,113,142],"located":[112],"Highland":[114],"Square,":[115],"Kitchener,":[116],"Canada.":[117],"results":[119],"indicate":[120],"that":[121],"after":[122],"implementing":[123],"upsampling,":[124],"Average":[126,135],"Precision":[127],"increase":[128,137],"from":[129,138],"67.8179%":[130],"95.02%":[132],"Recall":[136],"67.8571%":[139],"95.24%":[141],"threshold":[144],"0.25.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}