{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405934621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","title":"System-Level Analysis of the Directional Radar Coverage for UAV Localization in Dynamic Swarms","display_name":"System-Level Analysis of the Directional Radar Coverage for UAV Localization in Dynamic Swarms","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405934621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050648536","display_name":"Anna Gaydamaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-1325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anna Gaydamaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000113981","display_name":"Mahmoud T. Kabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4950-4157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud T. Kabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046152323","display_name":"Andrey Samuylov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2087-769X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrey Samuylov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088224958","display_name":"Dmitri Moltchanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4007-7187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitri Moltchanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024840200","display_name":"Bo Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6855-6270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015032841","display_name":"Yevgeni Koucheryavy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-297X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yevgeni Koucheryavy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050648536"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2996,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89009722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"164","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9671000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13257","display_name":"Advanced Control and Stabilization in Aerospace Systems","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.547980010509491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5168900489807129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-systems","display_name":"Radar systems","score":0.44900259375572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.4233500063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.35764026641845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33966419100761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2946871221065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14706581830978394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.547980010509491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5168900489807129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984296375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar systems","level":3,"score":0.44900259375572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.4233500063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.35764026641845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33966419100761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2946871221065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14706581830978394}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/209832","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/209832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3519887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1611535223","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2058403156","https://openalex.org/W2104521495","https://openalex.org/W2258127536","https://openalex.org/W2532095825","https://openalex.org/W2579242936","https://openalex.org/W2792058823","https://openalex.org/W2883087564","https://openalex.org/W2906615456","https://openalex.org/W2912159494","https://openalex.org/W2940761300","https://openalex.org/W2963642922","https://openalex.org/W3011589233","https://openalex.org/W3047778227","https://openalex.org/W3049018206","https://openalex.org/W3156651317","https://openalex.org/W3215817894","https://openalex.org/W4210555601","https://openalex.org/W4214869332","https://openalex.org/W4225742878","https://openalex.org/W4226478687","https://openalex.org/W4253871110","https://openalex.org/W4289538616","https://openalex.org/W4289821884","https://openalex.org/W4295934998","https://openalex.org/W4313555867","https://openalex.org/W4381381871","https://openalex.org/W4383337808","https://openalex.org/W4396879159","https://openalex.org/W4399039306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W760655932","https://openalex.org/W96662699","https://openalex.org/W156107400","https://openalex.org/W2353141829","https://openalex.org/W2083225881","https://openalex.org/W2362183774","https://openalex.org/W2370482908","https://openalex.org/W2910716297","https://openalex.org/W2363629559","https://openalex.org/W2481048288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Numerous":[0],"mission-critical":[1],"unmanned":[2],"aerial":[3],"vehicle":[4],"(UAV)":[5],"operations,":[6],"such":[7,31],"as":[8,121,199],"rescue":[9],"and":[10,41,118,147,196,238],"surveillance":[11],"missions,":[12],"are":[13,181],"conducted":[14],"in":[15,30,64,101,170,202,210,231,290],"areas":[16],"lacking":[17],"access":[18],"to":[19,76,89,94,110,150,192,206,283],"external":[20],"infrastructure":[21],"providing":[22],"precise":[23],"positioning":[24],"information.":[25],"To":[26,137],"enhance":[27],"situational":[28,96],"awareness":[29,97],"scenarios,":[32],"millimeter":[33],"wave":[34],"(mmWave,":[35],"<inline-formula":[36,44,217,274],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[37,45,218,275],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[38,46,219,276],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\text{30}-\\text{300}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[39],"GHz)":[40,48],"subterahertz":[42],"(sub-THz,":[43],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\text{100}-\\text{300}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[47],"range":[49,117],"or":[50,294],"Doppler":[51,119],"radars":[52,87,120,180,245],"promising":[53],"large":[54],"resolution":[55],"can":[56],"be":[57],"employed.":[58],"However,":[59],"the":[60,70,92,112,130,134,142,152,158,164,200,211,232,250,280,291],"small":[61,215],"antenna":[62,74,84,148,222],"apertures":[63],"these":[65,86,203],"bands":[66],"naturally":[67],"call":[68],"for":[69,129],"use":[71],"of":[72,98,106,115,124,133,144,167,179,228,244,249,266],"massive":[73],"arrays":[75,223],"achieve":[77],"reasonable":[78],"detection":[79,165,212,239,253],"distances.":[80],"By":[81],"employing":[82],"directional":[83],"arrays,":[85],"need":[88],"exhaustively":[90],"scan":[91],"surroundings":[93,251],"ensure":[95],"a":[99,102,122,171,225,259,263,287],"UAV":[100,194],"swarm.":[103,172],"The":[104],"aim":[105],"this":[107,138],"article":[108],"is":[109,189,286],"characterize":[111],"system-level":[113],"performance":[114,188,285],"mmWave/sub-THz":[116],"function":[123],"system":[125],"parameters":[126,204],"by":[127,183],"accounting":[128],"propagation":[131],"specifics":[132],"considered":[135],"bands.":[136],"aim,":[139],"we":[140],"combine":[141],"tools":[143],"stochastic":[145],"geometry":[146],"simulations":[149],"determine":[151],"optimal":[153],"half-power":[154],"beamwidth":[155],"that":[156,176],"minimizes":[157],"full":[159],"scanning":[160,236,264],"time":[161,237,265],"while":[162],"maximizing":[163],"probability":[166,254],"all":[168],"UAVs":[169],"Our":[173],"results":[174],"demonstrate":[175],"both":[177,193,242],"types":[178,243],"characterized":[182],"qualitatively":[184],"similar":[185],"performance.":[186,213],"Detection":[187],"highly":[190],"sensitive":[191],"density":[195],"coverage":[197],"radius,":[198],"increase":[201,289],"leads":[205],"an":[207],"abrupt":[208],"drop":[209],"At":[214,271],"distances,":[216,273],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\leq\\!\\text{50}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[220],"m,":[221,279],"with":[224,262],"smaller":[226],"number":[227],"elements":[229],"result":[230],"best":[233],"tradeoff":[234],"between":[235],"probability.":[240],"Specifically,":[241],"provide":[246],"perfect":[247],"knowledge":[248],"(with":[252],"higher":[255],"than":[256,268],"0.99)":[257],"within":[258],"50-m":[260],"radius":[261],"less":[267],"1":[269],"ms.":[270],"greater":[272],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\geq\\!":[277],"\\text{100}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[278],"only":[281],"option":[282],"improve":[284],"drastic":[288],"emitted":[292],"power":[293],"receiver":[295],"sensitivity.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}