{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400976588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3409231","title":"Conceptual, Mathematical, and Analytical Foundations for Mission Engineering and System of Systems Analysis","display_name":"Conceptual, Mathematical, and Analytical Foundations for Mission Engineering and System of Systems Analysis","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400976588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3409231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2024.3409231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3409231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015078987","display_name":"Ali K. Raz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-1631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali K. Raz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Engineering and Operations Research Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-1631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Engineering and Operations Research Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105049192","display_name":"Mohammed Bhuyian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Bhuyian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Engineering and Operations Research Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Engineering and Operations Research Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105049193","display_name":"Jose L. Bricio-Neto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose L. Bricio-Neto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rapid Prototyping Research Center, George Mason University, Springfield, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rapid Prototyping Research Center, George Mason University, Springfield, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108327735","display_name":"Christopher Santos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117286","display_name":"LinQuest (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01nr1y793","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117286"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["LinQuest Corporation, Reston, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8906-8080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LinQuest Corporation, Reston, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117286"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084985389","display_name":"Daniel T. Maxwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207766952","display_name":"CACI International (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghhyx51","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207766952"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Maxwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["KadSci LLC, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KadSci LLC, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207766952"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6217,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89909735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"1549","last_page":"1559"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.710481584072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5469056963920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-of-systems","display_name":"System of systems","score":0.47993332147598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.47500407695770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.47389593720436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.4722648859024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.47137650847435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4278906583786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39969584345817566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3274954557418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-design","display_name":"Systems design","score":0.29001498222351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24906179308891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1790907382965088}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.710481584072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5469056963920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87912763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663737","display_name":"System of systems","level":3,"score":0.47993332147598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.47500407695770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.47389593720436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4722648859024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.47137650847435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4278906583786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39969584345817566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3274954557418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.29001498222351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24906179308891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1790907382965088}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2024.3409231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2024.3409231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3336520570","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR0011-21-C-0037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3582949073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"47QFLA19D0003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482436612","https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W2037795313","https://openalex.org/W2058107586","https://openalex.org/W2062498061","https://openalex.org/W2077584453","https://openalex.org/W2161484642","https://openalex.org/W2322042951","https://openalex.org/W2333879426","https://openalex.org/W2461186637","https://openalex.org/W2531498086","https://openalex.org/W2589412698","https://openalex.org/W2621104972","https://openalex.org/W2759323342","https://openalex.org/W2911977803","https://openalex.org/W2964884029","https://openalex.org/W2971651074","https://openalex.org/W2974838753","https://openalex.org/W3010997563","https://openalex.org/W3037974784","https://openalex.org/W3040557391","https://openalex.org/W3108229437","https://openalex.org/W3164828692","https://openalex.org/W3171962626","https://openalex.org/W3207726276","https://openalex.org/W3208186643","https://openalex.org/W3213368054","https://openalex.org/W4210621876","https://openalex.org/W4230507407","https://openalex.org/W4231475082","https://openalex.org/W4242983007","https://openalex.org/W4280627842","https://openalex.org/W4376456486","https://openalex.org/W6600777369","https://openalex.org/W6601283015","https://openalex.org/W6639055396","https://openalex.org/W6665210506","https://openalex.org/W6702881703","https://openalex.org/W6743664578","https://openalex.org/W6766269710","https://openalex.org/W6780086018","https://openalex.org/W6782767753","https://openalex.org/W6803744848"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603736412","https://openalex.org/W2787993192","https://openalex.org/W2158269427","https://openalex.org/W4381280689","https://openalex.org/W4304185162","https://openalex.org/W2847365777","https://openalex.org/W2061685118","https://openalex.org/W3006282800","https://openalex.org/W2462100143","https://openalex.org/W4323929292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mission":[0],"engineering":[1],"(ME)":[2],"is":[3,59,145,189],"an":[4,80],"emerging":[5],"approach":[6],"to":[7,23,33,48,75,99,120,137],"designing":[8],"and":[9,28,44,62,68,97,112,134,151,162,180,194],"analyzing":[10],"configurations":[11,39,74,157,170],"of":[12,71,110,130,142,186],"system-of-systems":[13],"(SoS)":[14],"for":[15,65,92,149,174,198],"accomplishing":[16,200],"one":[17],"or":[18],"more":[19],"missions.":[20],"ME":[21,102],"seeks":[22],"flexibly":[24,199],"leverage":[25],"SoS":[26,38,73,122,156,169],"capabilities":[27],"dynamically":[29],"adapt":[30],"their":[31],"configuration":[32],"meet":[34],"evolving":[35],"mission":[36,175],"needs.":[37],"today,":[40],"however,":[41],"remain":[42],"static":[43],"are":[45,171],"carefully":[46],"designed":[47],"accomplish":[49],"a":[50,89,108,131,192],"mission.":[51],"The":[52,166,184],"problem":[53,197],"we":[54],"address":[55],"in":[56,83,154],"this":[57],"article":[58],"developing":[60],"modeling":[61,114],"analysis":[63],"techniques":[64],"flexible":[66],"integration":[67],"adaptive":[69],"selection":[70],"potential":[72],"achieve":[76],"multiple":[77,201],"missions":[78,202],"with":[79,95,107,203],"overarching":[81],"agility":[82],"the":[84,101,118,126,187],"execution":[85],"space.":[86],"We":[87],"propose":[88],"foundational":[90],"framework":[91,127,188],"ME,":[93],"complete":[94],"semantics":[96],"grammar":[98],"represent":[100],"design":[103,160],"space":[104],"(MEDS),":[105],"along":[106],"set":[109],"logical":[111],"mathematical":[113],"approaches":[115],"that":[116],"lends":[117],"MEDS":[119],"robust":[121],"analytical":[123],"methods.":[124],"Specifically,":[125],"proposes":[128],"development":[129],"mission-focused":[132],"ontology":[133],"domain-specific":[135],"language":[136],"enable":[138],"consistent":[139],"semantic":[140],"representation":[141],"MEDS,":[143],"which":[144],"then":[146,172],"logically":[147],"evaluated":[148,173],"spatial":[150],"temporal":[152],"consistency":[153],"forming":[155],"using":[158,177],"set-based":[159],"principles":[161],"Allen's":[163],"interval":[164],"algebra.":[165],"resulting":[167],"feasible":[168],"success":[176],"graph":[178],"theory":[179],"multiattribute":[181],"utility":[182],"theory.":[183],"application":[185],"demonstrated":[190],"on":[191],"simplified":[193],"notional":[195],"sense-decide-effect":[196],"SoS.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}