{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321021634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2023.3237363","title":"A Bee Colony-Based Algorithm for Task Offloading in Vehicular Edge Computing","display_name":"A Bee Colony-Based Algorithm for Task Offloading in Vehicular Edge Computing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321021634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2023.3237363"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2023.3237363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2023.3237363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024425476","display_name":"Alisson Barbosa de Souza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6099-011X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163697","display_name":"Centro Universit\u00e1rio Cat\u00f3lica de Quixad\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/053kjm920","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163697"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alisson Barbosa de Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quixad&#x00E1; Campus, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Quixad&#x00E1;, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6099-011X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quixad&#x00E1; Campus, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Quixad&#x00E1;, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163697"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089339049","display_name":"Paulo A. L. R\u00eago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0936-9301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Antonio Leal Rego","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Fortaleza, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0936-9301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005020243","display_name":"Vinay Chamola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6730-3060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Chamola","raw_affiliation_strings":["EEE Department and APPCAIR, BITS Pilani, Pilani, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6730-3060","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EEE Department and APPCAIR, BITS Pilani, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102880197","display_name":"Tiago Carneiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-8352"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiago Carneiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC), Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-8352","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC), Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034216523","display_name":"Paulo H. G. Rocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-4771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Henrique Gon\u00e7alves Rocha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Fortaleza, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-4771","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044440065","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Neuman de Souza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2980-8877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Neuman de Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Fortaleza, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2980-8877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Computer Networks, Software Engineering and Systems, Federal University of Cear&#x00E1;, Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024425476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163697"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8527,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94029924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"4165","last_page":"4176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8400202989578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.7007122039794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.6992616653442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6241872906684875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5566087961196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5484944581985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.5106149315834045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.49083811044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.46405115723609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4409196376800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35904914140701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.21802011132240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11722508072853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11418697237968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07653871178627014}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8400202989578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7007122039794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.6992616653442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6241872906684875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5566087961196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5484944581985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.5106149315834045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.49083811044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.46405115723609924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4409196376800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35904914140701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.21802011132240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11722508072853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11418697237968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07653871178627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2023.3237363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2023.3237363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W170020907","https://openalex.org/W610469435","https://openalex.org/W1498647111","https://openalex.org/W2109094293","https://openalex.org/W2159691338","https://openalex.org/W2169064301","https://openalex.org/W2479240051","https://openalex.org/W2604187483","https://openalex.org/W2613625031","https://openalex.org/W2626588362","https://openalex.org/W2772750884","https://openalex.org/W2790860712","https://openalex.org/W2793900440","https://openalex.org/W2885703553","https://openalex.org/W2905685817","https://openalex.org/W2906410941","https://openalex.org/W2911554214","https://openalex.org/W2918379587","https://openalex.org/W2922094741","https://openalex.org/W2922756886","https://openalex.org/W2944050366","https://openalex.org/W2953926899","https://openalex.org/W2964221923","https://openalex.org/W2982650630","https://openalex.org/W2984631333","https://openalex.org/W2989823197","https://openalex.org/W2996102352","https://openalex.org/W3000652959","https://openalex.org/W3002317329","https://openalex.org/W3003542329","https://openalex.org/W3004417498","https://openalex.org/W3004718830","https://openalex.org/W3005620403","https://openalex.org/W3007050655","https://openalex.org/W3040779716","https://openalex.org/W3040977518","https://openalex.org/W3096813197","https://openalex.org/W3106302305","https://openalex.org/W3113028469","https://openalex.org/W3142635633","https://openalex.org/W3188107326","https://openalex.org/W4234715674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3154796165","https://openalex.org/W4361251304","https://openalex.org/W3139051647","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W4324372666","https://openalex.org/W4225706866","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W4210813012","https://openalex.org/W2914646191","https://openalex.org/W3174690704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Complex":[0],"vehicular":[1,51,94,143,169],"applications,":[2],"such":[3,99],"as":[4],"automatic":[5],"driving":[6],"and":[7,13,22,38,76,106,109,115,165,171,192],"augmented":[8],"reality":[9],"are":[10],"delay":[11],"sensitive":[12],"require":[14],"massive":[15],"computational":[16],"resources.":[17],"Despite":[18],"being":[19],"more":[20],"connected":[21],"smarter,":[23],"vehicles":[24,37,61],"still":[25],"cannot":[26],"appropriately":[27],"meet":[28],"the":[29,64,78,137,182],"demands":[30],"of":[31,140,186,197],"these":[32,58],"applications.":[33,59],"By":[34],"allowing":[35],"neighboring":[36],"edge":[39,52,131,144],"servers":[40,156],"coupled":[41],"to":[42,45,56,72,86,134,154,190,195],"base":[43],"stations":[44],"share":[46],"their":[47,104],"available":[48],"computing":[49,53,105,145],"resources,":[50],"systems":[54],"help":[55],"handle":[57],"Then,":[60],"can":[62,180],"use":[63],"task":[65,151],"offloading":[66,128],"technique":[67,84],"by":[68,188],"sending":[69],"application":[70,88],"tasks":[71],"be":[73],"executed":[74],"remotely":[75],"receiving":[77],"processing":[79],"results":[80,175],"later.":[81],"Although":[82],"this":[83],"aims":[85],"reduce":[87,136,181],"execution":[89,138,184],"time,":[90,160],"performing":[91],"it":[92],"in":[93,129,142,157,168],"scenarios":[95],"is":[96],"challenging.":[97],"In":[98],"scenarios,":[100],"network":[101],"nodes":[102],"vary":[103],"energy":[107],"loads":[108],"move":[110],"quickly,":[111],"causing":[112],"frequent":[113],"disconnections":[114],"failures.":[116],"Thus,":[117],"we":[118],"propose":[119],"an":[120],"algorithm":[121,149],"called":[122],"<italic":[123],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[124],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Bee":[125],"colony-based":[126],"Task":[127],"Vehicular":[130],"computing</i>":[132],"(BTV)":[133],"reliably":[135],"time":[139,185],"applications":[141,187],"systems.":[146],"The":[147],"BTV":[148],"provides":[150],"scheduling":[152],"solutions":[153],"different":[155],"a":[158],"feasible":[159],"using":[161],"several":[162],"contextual":[163],"parameters":[164],"wireless":[166],"access":[167],"environments":[170],"fifth-generation":[172],"networks.":[173],"Experimental":[174],"show":[176],"that":[177],"our":[178],"solution":[179],"average":[183],"up":[189,194],"74.4%":[191],"with":[193],"0.0%":[196],"failures,":[198],"outperforming":[199],"other":[200],"existing":[201],"solutions.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-27T09:02:27.158192","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}