{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313043559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3222790","title":"CODE: Computation Offloading in D2D-Edge System for Video Streaming","display_name":"CODE: Computation Offloading in D2D-Edge System for Video Streaming","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313043559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3222790"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2022.3222790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3222790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101660547","display_name":"Muhammad Asif Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2925-8841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Asif Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2925-8841","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079663711","display_name":"Emna Baccour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-8745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emna Baccour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Information, Computing Technology, College of Science, Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-8745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information, Computing Technology, College of Science, Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839","https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061831106","display_name":"Aiman Erbad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7565-5253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiman Erbad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Information, Computing Technology, College of Science, Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7565-5253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information, Computing Technology, College of Science, Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839","https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073330071","display_name":"Ridha Hamila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6920-7371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ridha Hamila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6920-7371","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001299811","display_name":"Mounir Hamdi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-0085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounir Hamdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Information, Computing Technology, College of Science, Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-0085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information, Computing Technology, College of Science, Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839","https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76327344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"4014","last_page":"4025"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.8332485556602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8100368976593018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.7334028482437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.688252329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.6582514643669128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6495757699012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.546202540397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5246853232383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.49328845739364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.44346579909324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-traffic","display_name":"Internet traffic","score":0.41895967721939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3474927544593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12408328056335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10855746269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08826810121536255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.8332485556602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8100368976593018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7334028482437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.688252329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.6582514643669128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6495757699012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.546202540397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5246853232383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.49328845739364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.44346579909324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63969886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536440","display_name":"Internet traffic","level":3,"score":0.41895967721939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3474927544593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12408328056335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10855746269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08826810121536255}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2022.3222790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3222790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-164282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-164282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/41634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/41634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3159525721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IRCC-2020-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","funder_display_name":"Qatar University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322472","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037128422","https://openalex.org/W2049934672","https://openalex.org/W2156088755","https://openalex.org/W2345165935","https://openalex.org/W2401705659","https://openalex.org/W2547443968","https://openalex.org/W2592916654","https://openalex.org/W2599228549","https://openalex.org/W2693192710","https://openalex.org/W2745537382","https://openalex.org/W2761614015","https://openalex.org/W2777180355","https://openalex.org/W2799932776","https://openalex.org/W2905989037","https://openalex.org/W2910175468","https://openalex.org/W2916693941","https://openalex.org/W2922105645","https://openalex.org/W2935799137","https://openalex.org/W2943927071","https://openalex.org/W2945547918","https://openalex.org/W2950920210","https://openalex.org/W2959927339","https://openalex.org/W2960797435","https://openalex.org/W2964104915","https://openalex.org/W2972663438","https://openalex.org/W2982641626","https://openalex.org/W2985851035","https://openalex.org/W2989221764","https://openalex.org/W3007967331","https://openalex.org/W3043117495","https://openalex.org/W3045990328","https://openalex.org/W3087535143","https://openalex.org/W4312722077","https://openalex.org/W6764517576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W4378977105","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W3034137700","https://openalex.org/W4362496467","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W2917127270","https://openalex.org/W2902693277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Video":[0],"traffic":[1,16,24,76],"over":[2],"the":[3,13,40,56,91,100,123,158,186,195,199,206,210],"Internet":[4,15],"is":[5,37,48,115],"increasing":[6],"rapidly,":[7],"reaching":[8],"up":[9,202,214],"to":[10,54,157,184,203,215],"82%":[11],"of":[12,22,80],"total":[14],"by":[17],"2022.":[18],"This":[19],"enormous":[20],"growth":[21],"video":[23,29,86],"which":[25,150],"also":[26,127],"include":[27],"immersive":[28],"content":[30],"(augmented":[31],"reality":[32,35],"and":[33,67,173,178],"virtual":[34],"streaming)":[36],"challenging":[38],"for":[39],"existing":[41],"network":[42,200],"architectures.":[43],"Mobile":[44],"edge":[45,60,101,106,152,211],"computing":[46],"(MEC)":[47],"arising":[49],"as":[50,90,142],"a":[51,85,136,179],"promising":[52],"solution":[53],"enhance":[55],"user":[57,160],"experience.":[58],"However,":[59,112],"servers":[61,107,125],"have":[62],"usually":[63],"limited":[64],"computational":[65],"capabilities":[66],"may":[68],"not":[69,116],"cope":[70],"with":[71,169],"unplanned":[72],"sudden":[73],"spikes":[74],"in":[75,118,131,146,149],"from":[77],"live":[78],"streaming":[79],"large":[81],"events":[82],"or":[83,121],"when":[84,122],"goes":[87],"viral,":[88],"known":[89],"<italic":[92],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[93],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">thundering":[94],"herd":[95],"problem</i>":[96],".":[97],"To":[98],"improve":[99],"resource":[102],"utilization,":[103],"cooperation":[104,114],"among":[105],"has":[108],"been":[109],"proposed":[110,183],"earlier.":[111],"such":[113],"useful":[117],"single-server":[119],"scenario":[120],"neighboring":[124],"are":[126,182],"fully":[128],"utilized.":[129],"Thus,":[130],"this":[132],"article,":[133],"we":[134],"propose":[135],"novel":[137],"D2D-MEC":[138],"collaborative":[139],"framework":[140],"called":[141],"CODE":[143],"(Computation":[144],"Offloading":[145],"D2D-Edge)":[147],"system":[148],"an":[151],"server":[153],"offloads":[154],"its":[155],"computations":[156],"distributed":[159],"devices":[161],"(downlink).":[162],"Two":[163],"distinct":[164],"schemes,":[165],"i.e.,":[166],"maximal":[167],"offloading":[168,176,188],"delay":[170,175,201],"constraint":[171],"(MOD)":[172],"minimum":[174],"(MDO)":[177],"lightweight":[180],"heuristic,":[181],"solve":[185],"computation":[187,212],"problem.":[189],"Our":[190],"simulation":[191],"results":[192],"report":[193],"that":[194],"MOD":[196],"scheme":[197,208],"reduces":[198,209],"65%,":[204],"whereas":[205],"MDO":[207],"load":[213],"83%.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}