{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290714072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3194259","title":"RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO System: Joint Design of Transmit Beamforming and Phase Shifts","display_name":"RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO System: Joint Design of Transmit Beamforming and Phase Shifts","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290714072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3194259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2022.3194259","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3194259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022358395","display_name":"Si\u2010Nian Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-365X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Si-Nian Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-365X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029222052","display_name":"Dian\u2010Wu Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9866-0194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dian-Wu Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9866-0194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635655","display_name":"Ha H. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6481-0422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ha H. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6481-0422","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022358395"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9558,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91567279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"3093","last_page":"3104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7415745854377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6990201473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.619455099105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-phase-modulation","display_name":"Continuous phase modulation","score":0.5910336971282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.584006130695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5522461533546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5115162134170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.505744457244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.46709388494491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.45249244570732117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.4503515958786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semidefinite-programming","display_name":"Semidefinite programming","score":0.4345531463623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29117944836616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20453640818595886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7415745854377747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6990201473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.619455099105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C343090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165504","display_name":"Continuous phase modulation","level":2,"score":0.5910336971282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.584006130695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5522461533546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5115162134170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.505744457244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.46709388494491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.45249244570732117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4503515958786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101901036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2269096","display_name":"Semidefinite programming","level":2,"score":0.4345531463623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29117944836616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20453640818595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2022.3194259","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2022.3194259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6810837107","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K202208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327028","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8677721192","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3132022241","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327028","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W132901562","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2109005286","https://openalex.org/W2126351339","https://openalex.org/W2155014525","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2593893328","https://openalex.org/W2797535556","https://openalex.org/W2891354184","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2965123227","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W3005072086","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3022877129","https://openalex.org/W3034281970","https://openalex.org/W3099019646","https://openalex.org/W3112337571","https://openalex.org/W3113612916","https://openalex.org/W3113871758","https://openalex.org/W3130099654","https://openalex.org/W3152961272","https://openalex.org/W3158743991","https://openalex.org/W4221057152","https://openalex.org/W4236826464","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983756092","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W4311414679","https://openalex.org/W2381295697","https://openalex.org/W2385886188","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W2567141277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"studies":[2],"a":[3,47,68,116,133],"reconfigurable":[4],"intelligent":[5],"surface":[6],"(RIS)-aided":[7],"cell-free":[8],"massive":[9],"multiple-input":[10],"multiple-output":[11],"system":[12],"and":[13,38,57,119,145,166],"formulate":[14],"the":[15,21,27,32,39,53,64,78,92,96,113,124,141,159,169,171,177,188,203],"max\u2013min":[16],"fairness":[17],"problem":[18,66,94,114],"that":[19,61,156],"maximizes":[20],"minimum":[22,178],"achievable":[23,179],"rate":[24],"among":[25],"all":[26],"users":[28],"by":[29,148],"jointly":[30],"optimizing":[31],"transmit":[33,143],"beamforming":[34,144],"at":[35,42],"access":[36],"points":[37],"phase":[40,84,101,129,146,164,193,198],"shifts":[41,147,165,199],"RISs.":[43],"To":[44],"address":[45],"such":[46],"challenging":[48],"problem,":[49],"we":[50,103,131],"first":[51],"study":[52],"special":[54],"single-user":[55],"scenario":[56,98,126],"propose":[58,104],"an":[59,73,105,120],"algorithm":[60],"can":[62,110,139,174,200],"transform":[63,112],"optimization":[65,93,107],"into":[67,115],"semidefinite":[69],"program":[70,76,118],"(SDP)":[71],"or":[72,82],"integer":[74],"linear":[75],"for":[77,95,123],"cases":[79],"of":[80,150,162,190],"continuous":[81,100,192],"discrete":[83,128,197],"shifts,":[85,102,130,194],"respectively.":[86],"Then,":[87],"in":[88],"order":[89],"to":[90],"solve":[91],"multiuser":[97,125],"with":[99,127,158,187],"alternating":[106,151],"algorithm,":[108,137],"which":[109,138],"alternately":[111],"second-order-cone":[117],"SDP.":[121],"Finally,":[122],"design":[132],"zero-forcing-based":[134],"successive":[135],"refinement":[136],"find":[140],"suboptimal":[142],"means":[149],"optimization.":[152],"Numerical":[153],"results":[154],"show":[155],"compared":[157,186],"benchmark":[160],"schemes":[161],"random":[163],"without":[167],"using":[168,195],"RIS,":[170],"proposed":[172],"algorithms":[173],"significantly":[175],"increase":[176],"rate.":[180],"It":[181],"is":[182],"also":[183],"demonstrated":[184],"that,":[185],"case":[189],"programming":[191],"2-bit":[196],"practically":[201],"achieve":[202],"same":[204],"performance.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}