{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4207028641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3132612","title":"Index-Modulation Embedded Mode Hopping for Antijamming","display_name":"Index-Modulation Embedded Mode Hopping for Antijamming","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4207028641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3132612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3132612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3132612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051139235","display_name":"Liping Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1170-9368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liping Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012820395","display_name":"Wenchi Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2009-0539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653327","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-3642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100462423","display_name":"Hailin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-159X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051139235"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1298,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86871219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"3905","last_page":"3916"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.5880914330482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5859565734863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5838854312896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5537734627723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5441887974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-hopping-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","score":0.5391263365745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4956897497177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4696715772151947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-hopping","display_name":"Time-hopping","score":0.4584699273109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.4366614520549774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42728984355926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3644872307777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3418000340461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.284792959690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.22454014420509338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20644214749336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.13073930144309998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.09543865919113159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.5880914330482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5859565734863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5838854312896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5537734627723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5441887974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122962297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136013","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","level":2,"score":0.5391263365745544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4956897497177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4696715772151947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165411621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801261","display_name":"Time-hopping","level":5,"score":0.4584699273109436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.4366614520549774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42728984355926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3644872307777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3418000340461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.284792959690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.22454014420509338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20644214749336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.13073930144309998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.09543865919113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3132612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3132612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3299306029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771368","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8051654388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LP160101244","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8826990910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020B0101110003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336405","funder_display_name":"Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336405","display_name":"Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W1998295021","https://openalex.org/W2026245168","https://openalex.org/W2118527690","https://openalex.org/W2134240466","https://openalex.org/W2153600105","https://openalex.org/W2162926971","https://openalex.org/W2217507766","https://openalex.org/W2294344114","https://openalex.org/W2486702221","https://openalex.org/W2520806504","https://openalex.org/W2562453545","https://openalex.org/W2583444566","https://openalex.org/W2595646485","https://openalex.org/W2742323834","https://openalex.org/W2761220290","https://openalex.org/W2779641783","https://openalex.org/W2782166714","https://openalex.org/W2786317177","https://openalex.org/W2790653727","https://openalex.org/W2796469972","https://openalex.org/W2913817822","https://openalex.org/W2944517009","https://openalex.org/W2963971685","https://openalex.org/W2992644772","https://openalex.org/W3000703119","https://openalex.org/W3009274909","https://openalex.org/W3101796147","https://openalex.org/W3117735301","https://openalex.org/W3167213286","https://openalex.org/W3197735290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2106130321","https://openalex.org/W2353176070","https://openalex.org/W2130754749","https://openalex.org/W2124996816","https://openalex.org/W3046027095","https://openalex.org/W2151861675","https://openalex.org/W2384143280","https://openalex.org/W2391951725","https://openalex.org/W2349765435","https://openalex.org/W2055021165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"emerging":[1],"orbital":[2],"angular":[3],"momentum":[4],"(OAM),":[5],"which":[6,58,108],"is":[7],"a":[8,145],"property":[9],"describing":[10],"the":[11,19,26,37,77,101,115,121,125,131,149,155,158,177],"helical":[12],"phase":[13],"fronts":[14],"of":[15,39,133,160,176],"electromagnetic":[16],"waves,":[17],"offers":[18],"potential":[20],"to":[21,119,128],"improve":[22],"reliability":[23],"and":[24,35,71,94,152,164,170],"increase":[25,36,154],"SE":[27,38],"in":[28,47,124],"wireless":[29,40,134],"communications.":[30,135],"To":[31],"achieve":[32,148],"efficient":[33],"antijamming":[34],"communications":[41],"with":[42,67,88,174],"slight":[43],"computational":[44],"complexity":[45],"cost,":[46],"this":[48],"article,":[49],"we":[50],"propose":[51,100],"an":[52],"index-modulation":[53,102],"embedded":[54,103],"mode-hopping":[55],"(IM-MH)":[56],"scheme,":[57,107,127],"simultaneously":[59],"activates":[60,110],"several":[61],"OAM":[62,112],"modes":[63],"for":[64,83],"hopping":[65,122,179],"along":[66],"additional":[68],"index":[69],"information":[70,73,92],"signal":[72],"transmission.":[74],"We":[75,98],"analyze":[76],"average":[78],"bit":[79],"error":[80],"rates":[81],"(ABERs)":[82],"our":[84,141,161],"proposed":[85,142,162],"IM-MH":[86,126,163],"scheme":[87],"perfect":[89],"channel":[90],"state":[91],"(CSI)":[93],"imperfect":[95],"CSI,":[96],"respectively.":[97],"also":[99],"double-serial":[104],"MH":[105],"(IM-DSMH)":[106],"randomly":[109],"one":[111],"mode":[113,178],"as":[114],"serial":[116],"second":[117],"hop":[118],"transmit":[120],"signals":[123],"further":[129],"decrease":[130],"ABER":[132,151],"Extensive":[136],"numerical":[137],"results":[138],"demonstrate":[139],"that":[140,175],"schemes":[143,166],"within":[144],"narrowband":[146],"can":[147],"low":[150],"significantly":[153],"SE.":[156],"Also,":[157],"ABERs":[159],"IM-DSMH":[165],"are":[167],"around":[168],"25%":[169],"10%,":[171],"respectively,":[172],"compared":[173],"scheme.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
