{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216043818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3124513","title":"FabricFL: Blockchain-in-the-Loop Federated Learning for Trusted Decentralized Systems","display_name":"FabricFL: Blockchain-in-the-Loop Federated Learning for Trusted Decentralized Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216043818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3124513","mag":"3216043818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3124513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3124513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068927813","display_name":"Viraaji Mothukuri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172980758","display_name":"Kennesaw State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jeqjx33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viraaji Mothukuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3936-9521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087589295","display_name":"Reza M. Parizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-4296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172980758","display_name":"Kennesaw State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jeqjx33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza M. Parizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-4296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070223983","display_name":"Seyedamin Pouriyeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5746-2914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172980758","display_name":"Kennesaw State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jeqjx33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyedamin Pouriyeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5746-2914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038019914","display_name":"Ali Dehghantanha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Dehghantanha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber Science Laboratory, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber Science Laboratory, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001746807","display_name":"Kim\u2010Kwang Raymond Choo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-5336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-5336","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95489622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"3711","last_page":"3722"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.847705066204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7814140319824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6905417442321777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.5744558572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5122998952865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46540743112564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.4378427565097809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3528482913970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.2805609703063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22825074195861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.14453577995300293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.847705066204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7814140319824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6905417442321777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.5744558572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5122998952865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46540743112564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4378427565097809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3528482913970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2805609703063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22825074195861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14453577995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3124513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3124513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu:facpubs-6802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/facpubs/5646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196456","display_name":"DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172980758","host_organization_name":"Kennesaw State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Articles","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu:facpubs-6812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/facpubs/5656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196456","display_name":"DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172980758","host_organization_name":"Kennesaw State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172980758"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2798251715","https://openalex.org/W2799758613","https://openalex.org/W2903872466","https://openalex.org/W2951832089","https://openalex.org/W2982232329","https://openalex.org/W2983640973","https://openalex.org/W2984693664","https://openalex.org/W2987317136","https://openalex.org/W2989253922","https://openalex.org/W2990595670","https://openalex.org/W2990700079","https://openalex.org/W2995838027","https://openalex.org/W2998352672","https://openalex.org/W2998460075","https://openalex.org/W3091870957","https://openalex.org/W3105760096","https://openalex.org/W3113149354","https://openalex.org/W3122864121","https://openalex.org/W6682904396","https://openalex.org/W6750462152","https://openalex.org/W6751045465","https://openalex.org/W6756840679","https://openalex.org/W6769414235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4388131927","https://openalex.org/W4220849471","https://openalex.org/W1982914007","https://openalex.org/W2159583675","https://openalex.org/W1824242903","https://openalex.org/W1493858311","https://openalex.org/W2155470929","https://openalex.org/W2111125783","https://openalex.org/W2394465510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"learning":[1,8],"(FL)":[2],"enables":[3],"collaborative":[4,22,127],"training":[5,29],"of":[6,28,39,59,76,85,99,116,129],"machine":[7],"(ML)":[9],"models":[10],"while":[11],"preserving":[12],"user":[13],"data":[14,30],"privacy.":[15],"Existing":[16,70],"FL":[17,41,48,64,94,102,145,174],"approaches":[18],"can":[19,140],"potentially":[20],"facilitate":[21],"ML,":[23],"but":[24],"ensuring":[25],"secure":[26,117],"trading/sharing":[27],"is":[31,95,113],"challenging":[32],"in":[33,36,154,177],"practice,":[34],"particularly":[35],"the":[37,57,168,173,187],"presence":[38],"adversarial":[40],"clients.":[42,89],"The":[43,131],"ongoing":[44],"security":[45,153,169],"concerns":[46],"around":[47],"and":[49,62,83,103,122,125,151],"strict":[50],"laws":[51],"on":[52],"personally":[53],"identifiable":[54],"information":[55],"necessitate":[56],"design":[58],"a":[60,107,114,178],"robust":[61],"trusted":[63],"framework,":[65],"for":[66],"example,":[67],"using":[68],"blockchain.":[69],"blockchain-based":[71],"solutions":[72],"are":[73],"generally":[74],"not":[75],"industrial":[77,155],"strength,":[78],"where":[79],"limitations":[80],"include":[81],"scalability":[82],"lack":[84],"engagement":[86],"by":[87],"participating":[88],"In":[90],"this":[91],"article,":[92],"blockchain-in-the-loop":[93],"our":[96,159],"proposed":[97,111,160],"approach":[98,112,161],"intertwining":[100],"classic":[101],"Hyperledger":[104],"Fabric":[105],"with":[106,162,186],"gamification":[108],"component.":[109],"Our":[110],"fusion":[115],"application":[118],"integrated":[119],"to":[120,147,166,184],"seal":[121],"sign-off":[123],"asynchronous":[124],"synchronous":[126],"tasks":[128],"FL.":[130],"enterprise-level":[132],"blockchain":[133],"network":[134],"provides":[135],"an":[136],"immutable":[137],"ledger":[138],"that":[139,171],"be":[141],"leveraged":[142],"at":[143],"different":[144,164],"layers":[146],"ensure":[148],"auditable":[149],"tracing":[150],"level-up":[152],"settings.":[156],"We":[157],"evaluate":[158],"three":[163],"datasets":[165],"demonstrate":[167],"enhancements":[170],"improve":[172],"process,":[175],"resulting":[176],"more":[179],"accurate":[180],"global":[181],"ML":[182],"model":[183],"converge":[185],"possible":[188],"best":[189],"performance.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
