{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199432931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3108439","title":"Convex Optimization of Cyberattacks Overflowing Multiple Lines in Cyber-Physical Power Systems","display_name":"Convex Optimization of Cyberattacks Overflowing Multiple Lines in Cyber-Physical Power Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199432931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3108439","mag":"3199432931"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3108439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3108439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041147963","display_name":"Javad Khazaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5595-7641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javad Khazaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5595-7641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047566130","display_name":"Mohammed Alkaf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Alkaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University Park, State College, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University Park, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042402520","display_name":"Junbo Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8498-9666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99041443","display_name":"Mississippi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0432jq872","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8498-9666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99041443"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2707,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5405785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"5224","last_page":"5233"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-transmission","display_name":"Electric power transmission","score":0.6414302587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6177736520767212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5971507430076599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5041841268539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4883725047111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.4723057746887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.42366084456443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30606746673583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20290058851242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.19672730565071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.095889151096344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09041929244995117}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.6414302587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6177736520767212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5971507430076599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5041841268539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4883725047111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.4723057746887207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.42366084456443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30606746673583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20290058851242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.19672730565071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.095889151096344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09041929244995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3108439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3108439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571403844","https://openalex.org/W1598852905","https://openalex.org/W2003190831","https://openalex.org/W2012352984","https://openalex.org/W2022810949","https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2056684756","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2122559297","https://openalex.org/W2141380252","https://openalex.org/W2230317998","https://openalex.org/W2289263475","https://openalex.org/W2319782977","https://openalex.org/W2343174841","https://openalex.org/W2406678341","https://openalex.org/W2525022545","https://openalex.org/W2526031268","https://openalex.org/W2626149892","https://openalex.org/W2735517404","https://openalex.org/W2791047555","https://openalex.org/W2792818654","https://openalex.org/W2809483977","https://openalex.org/W2890415503","https://openalex.org/W2896800764","https://openalex.org/W2999200934","https://openalex.org/W3007424319","https://openalex.org/W3096437186","https://openalex.org/W3100365247","https://openalex.org/W3127672060","https://openalex.org/W4214484041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W2087343574","https://openalex.org/W2121910908"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyberattacks":[0],"designed":[1],"to":[2,10,55,105,139,159],"overflow":[3,56,106],"transmission":[4,128],"or":[5,13],"distribution":[6],"lines":[7,79,110],"may":[8],"lead":[9,54],"cascading":[11],"failures":[12],"blackouts":[14],"in":[15,26,75,80,118],"smart":[16,81],"grids.":[17,82,132],"Accurately":[18],"modeling":[19],"these":[20],"attacks":[21,87],"is":[22,64,96,136],"the":[23,40,45,71,93,119,123,161,164],"first":[24],"step":[25],"designing":[27],"appropriate":[28],"countermeasures.":[29],"Therefore,":[30],"this":[31],"article":[32],"aims":[33],"at":[34],"power":[35,131],"system":[36],"vulnerability":[37],"analysis":[38],"from":[39],"operator\u2019s":[41],"perspective,":[42],"i.e.,":[43],"identifying":[44],"scenarios,":[46],"where":[47],"false":[48],"data":[49],"injection":[50],"(FDI)":[51],"cyberattacks":[52,67],"can":[53,69],"of":[57,77,103,109,163],"multiple":[58,78],"lines.":[59],"A":[60],"nonlinear":[61],"optimization":[62],"model":[63,95,121,125,135,167],"developed":[65],"for":[66,126],"that":[68,88],"bypass":[70],"state-estimation":[72,117],"and":[73,129,148],"result":[74],"congestion":[76,86],"Unlike":[83],"existing":[84],"line":[85],"focused":[89],"on":[90,98,100],"dc":[91],"state-estimation,":[92],"proposed":[94,124,165],"based":[97],"FDIs":[99],"targeted":[101,107],"set":[102,108],"buses":[104],"by":[111],"bypassing":[112],"ac":[113,116],"state-estimation.":[114],"Considering":[115],"attack":[120,166],"generalizes":[122],"both":[127],"distribution-level":[130],"The":[133],"nonconvex":[134],"then":[137],"converted":[138],"a":[140],"convex":[141],"formulation":[142],"using":[143,168],"second-order":[144],"cone":[145],"programming":[146],"relaxation,":[147],"global":[149],"optimality":[150],"conditions":[151],"are":[152,157],"discussed.":[153],"Several":[154],"case":[155],"studies":[156],"considered":[158],"validate":[160],"effectiveness":[162],"IEEE":[169],"118-bus":[170],"benchmark.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}