{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200786402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3101673","title":"Industry 4.0 Implementation Challenges and Opportunities: A Technological Perspective","display_name":"Industry 4.0 Implementation Challenges and Opportunities: A Technological Perspective","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200786402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3101673","mag":"3200786402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3101673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3101673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084248986","display_name":"Aleksandar Rikalovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2777-5706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandar Rikalovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063513040","display_name":"Nikola Suzi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-9774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikola Suzic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Vicenza, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Vicenza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058203365","display_name":"Bojana Baji\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-7091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bojana Bajic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009147954","display_name":"Vincenzo Piuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3178-8198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Piuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Universit&#x00E0; degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universit&#x00E0; degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084248986"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1407,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97707272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"2797","last_page":"2810"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9553999900817871,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.7411048412322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lagging","display_name":"Lagging","score":0.719764232635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.5124610066413879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing","display_name":"Manufacturing","score":0.49599799513816833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4783686697483063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.46204113960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.42669928073883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.42036256194114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.4083009660243988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3842959403991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.34105485677719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33916041254997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.317645788192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2683332562446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.1646941602230072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.7411048412322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776962539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6472078","display_name":"Lagging","level":2,"score":0.719764232635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.5124610066413879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175700187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187939","display_name":"Manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.49599799513816833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4783686697483063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.46204113960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.42669928073883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.42036256194114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.4083009660243988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3842959403991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.34105485677719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33916041254997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.317645788192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2683332562446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.1646941602230072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3101673","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3101673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/357082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9540626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321966","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560042744","https://openalex.org/W1911193768","https://openalex.org/W1969566657","https://openalex.org/W2025040741","https://openalex.org/W2070665593","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2109262094","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2136389766","https://openalex.org/W2187877333","https://openalex.org/W2204862353","https://openalex.org/W2254884657","https://openalex.org/W2275530856","https://openalex.org/W2287243862","https://openalex.org/W2330559246","https://openalex.org/W2339884137","https://openalex.org/W2342408547","https://openalex.org/W2364839527","https://openalex.org/W2388726286","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2465639267","https://openalex.org/W2475009926","https://openalex.org/W2497722157","https://openalex.org/W2507539066","https://openalex.org/W2512056785","https://openalex.org/W2517238017","https://openalex.org/W2562031796","https://openalex.org/W2562594539","https://openalex.org/W2579603034","https://openalex.org/W2586923239","https://openalex.org/W2593039428","https://openalex.org/W2606213502","https://openalex.org/W2606826528","https://openalex.org/W2608262991","https://openalex.org/W2637562622","https://openalex.org/W2747548784","https://openalex.org/W2752883020","https://openalex.org/W2754682862","https://openalex.org/W2757110387","https://openalex.org/W2761119957","https://openalex.org/W2765598251","https://openalex.org/W2765716344","https://openalex.org/W2767346351","https://openalex.org/W2768534111","https://openalex.org/W2772091547","https://openalex.org/W2775835322","https://openalex.org/W2776953384","https://openalex.org/W2783363965","https://openalex.org/W2784861072","https://openalex.org/W2790452817","https://openalex.org/W2790718760","https://openalex.org/W2790754501","https://openalex.org/W2791149978","https://openalex.org/W2791184423","https://openalex.org/W2791405898","https://openalex.org/W2793947619","https://openalex.org/W2796319323","https://openalex.org/W2799424140","https://openalex.org/W2802621297","https://openalex.org/W2803877730","https://openalex.org/W2804900363","https://openalex.org/W2806407311","https://openalex.org/W2806820837","https://openalex.org/W2808388724","https://openalex.org/W2809863318","https://openalex.org/W2810639107","https://openalex.org/W2812770691","https://openalex.org/W2883357662","https://openalex.org/W2883403478","https://openalex.org/W2883422236","https://openalex.org/W2884128582","https://openalex.org/W2886327304","https://openalex.org/W2890793284","https://openalex.org/W2896900049","https://openalex.org/W2903276472","https://openalex.org/W2908815325","https://openalex.org/W2916494318","https://openalex.org/W2922240219","https://openalex.org/W2922260383","https://openalex.org/W2937772178","https://openalex.org/W2964180302","https://openalex.org/W2996184993","https://openalex.org/W3004788601","https://openalex.org/W3013884953","https://openalex.org/W3036435246","https://openalex.org/W3080335147","https://openalex.org/W3089877117","https://openalex.org/W3091481823","https://openalex.org/W3092158717","https://openalex.org/W4230182858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3003666232","https://openalex.org/W2945357379","https://openalex.org/W2981104449","https://openalex.org/W2474294994","https://openalex.org/W2903493206","https://openalex.org/W2902177743","https://openalex.org/W2785197507","https://openalex.org/W2963246290","https://openalex.org/W4312821896","https://openalex.org/W2744599860"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,24,32,46,91,101,109,121,167,197],"last":[2],"decade,":[3],"we":[4,149],"have":[5],"witnessed":[6],"steady":[7],"movement":[8],"of":[9,26,31,52,59,93,111,126,159,199],"industry":[10],"and":[11,28,37,50,67,71,79,165,182,204],"academia":[12],"toward":[13],"Industry":[14,16,40,86,95,105,112,128,135,169,179],"4.0.":[15],"4.0":[17,41,87,96,106,113,129,136,170,180],"is":[18,88,116],"a":[19,157],"concept":[20],"aimed":[21],"at":[22],"achieving":[23],"integration":[25,51],"physical":[27],"cybernetic":[29],"parts":[30],"manufacturing":[33,53],"process":[34],"via":[35],"networks":[36],"driven":[38],"by":[39],"technology":[42],"categories":[43],"used":[44],"for":[45,188,201],"prediction,":[47],"control,":[48],"maintenance,":[49],"processes":[54],"(i.e.,":[55],"cyberphysical":[56],"systems,":[57],"Internet":[58],"Things,":[60],"big":[61],"data":[62],"analytics,":[63],"cloud":[64],"computing,":[65,69],"fog":[66],"edge":[68],"augmented":[70],"virtual":[72],"reality,":[73],"robotics,":[74],"cybersecurity,":[75],"semantic":[76],"web":[77],"technologies,":[78],"additive":[80],"manufacturing).":[81],"The":[82,124],"research":[83,107],"on":[84],"implementing":[85,127],"lagging":[89],"behind":[90],"degree":[92],"attention":[94],"attracts.":[97],"Moreover,":[98],"contrary":[99],"to":[100],"exponential":[102],"growth":[103],"that":[104],"shows,":[108],"implementation":[110,137,152,171,207],"in":[114,120,196],"practice":[115],"less":[117,132],"often":[118],"covered":[119],"relevant":[122],"literature.":[123],"challenges":[125,138],"are":[130],"even":[131],"frequently":[133],"addressed.":[134],"can":[139],"be":[140],"either":[141],"managerial":[142,151],"or":[143],"technological.":[144],"In":[145],"our":[146,160],"recent":[147],"paper,":[148],"analyzed":[150],"challenges.":[153,172,208],"This":[154],"article,":[155],"as":[156],"continuation":[158],"previous":[161],"work,":[162],"identifies,":[163],"codes,":[164],"defines":[166],"technological":[168,206],"It":[173],"further":[174],"analyzes":[175],"hindering":[176],"relationships":[177],"between":[178],"technologies":[181],"identifies":[183],"main":[184],"challenge":[185],"themes":[186],"important":[187],"system":[189],"designers.":[190],"Finally,":[191],"this":[192],"article":[193],"derives":[194],"opportunities":[195],"form":[198],"recommendations":[200],"overcoming":[202],"current":[203],"future":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
