{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3153634916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3068224","title":"A Blockchain Approach to Ensuring Provenance to Outsourced Cloud Data in a Sharing Ecosystem","display_name":"A Blockchain Approach to Ensuring Provenance to Outsourced Cloud Data in a Sharing Ecosystem","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3153634916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3068224","mag":"3153634916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3068224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3068224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024115557","display_name":"Emmanuel Boateng Sifah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9033-0825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Boateng Sifah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9033-0825","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026564599","display_name":"Qi Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-2588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-2588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013437764","display_name":"Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Agyekum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7935-9950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Agyekum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7935-9950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079721352","display_name":"Hu Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-666X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-666X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028696053","display_name":"Abla Smahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-433X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abla Smahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-433X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003606386","display_name":"Jianbin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7014-6417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["UESTC-CDFH Joint Institute of Blockchain, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7014-6417","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UESTC-CDFH Joint Institute of Blockchain, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2066,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97036886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"1673","last_page":"1684"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7673708200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.747423529624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6111487746238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.6111236214637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6001558303833008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.5682506561279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5401315689086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5381594300270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.49679067730903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4874120056629181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-management","display_name":"Data management","score":0.4552657902240753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control","display_name":"Access control","score":0.452812135219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18671077489852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.18335705995559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.11189526319503784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7673708200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.747423529624939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6111487746238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.6111236214637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6001558303833008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.5682506561279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5401315689086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5381594300270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.49679067730903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4874120056629181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1668388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149776","display_name":"Data management","level":2,"score":0.4552657902240753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.452812135219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18671077489852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.18335705995559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11189526319503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2021.3068224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2021.3068224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005358011","https://openalex.org/W2138001464","https://openalex.org/W2557515658","https://openalex.org/W2606392857","https://openalex.org/W2610520011","https://openalex.org/W2730380569","https://openalex.org/W2766979629","https://openalex.org/W2783171301","https://openalex.org/W2792810435","https://openalex.org/W2810614310","https://openalex.org/W2907111875","https://openalex.org/W2950607204","https://openalex.org/W3036316993","https://openalex.org/W3141586288","https://openalex.org/W4301725663","https://openalex.org/W6640182669","https://openalex.org/W6744635263"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2908790200","https://openalex.org/W2182566061","https://openalex.org/W1130177354","https://openalex.org/W3046088002","https://openalex.org/W2159626197","https://openalex.org/W1921834082","https://openalex.org/W2141936346","https://openalex.org/W2792501016","https://openalex.org/W2184706958","https://openalex.org/W4229372529"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloud":[0],"servers":[1],"offer":[2],"data":[3,11,14,21,25,53,70,79,134,156,166],"owners":[4,26],"the":[5,23,52,56,60,67,76,123,139,146,155,164,172],"opportunityto":[6],"upload":[7],"and":[8,33,85,113,136,142,159,161,174],"store":[9],"encrypted":[10],"that":[12,154],"several":[13],"users":[15,135],"can":[16,71,120],"access.":[17],"However,":[18],"after":[19],"outsourcing":[20],"to":[22,38,47,51,66,74],"cloud,":[24],"have":[27],"limited":[28],"control":[29],"of":[30,58,62,78,100,125,133,163,176],"their":[31],"data,":[32],"external":[34],"systems":[35],"are":[36,167],"incorporated":[37],"manage":[39],"it.":[40],"Several":[41],"research-based":[42],"solutions":[43],"use":[44],"encryption":[45],"techniques":[46],"prevent":[48],"unauthorized":[49],"access":[50,102],"but":[54],"ignore":[55],"challenge":[57],"maintaining":[59],"trace":[61],"valid":[63],"changes":[64],"applied":[65],"data.":[68,127,148],"Provenance":[69],"be":[72,83],"used":[73],"ascertain":[75],"integrity":[77],"and,":[80],"therefore,":[81],"should":[82],"immutable":[84],"secured":[86],"from":[87],"adversaries":[88],"since":[89],"it":[90],"contains":[91],"private":[92],"information.":[93],"This":[94,128],"article":[95],"proposes":[96],"an":[97],"efficient":[98],"way":[99],"securing":[101],"logs":[103],"by":[104],"leveraging":[105],"blockchain.":[106],"A":[107],"generic":[108],"framework":[109],"is":[110,157],"designed,":[111],"tested,":[112],"evaluated,":[114],"with":[115],"results":[116,170],"showing":[117],"our":[118,177],"model":[119],"effectively":[121],"enhance":[122],"security":[124],"provenance":[126],"work":[129,152],"considers":[130],"two":[131],"categories":[132],"account":[137],"for":[138],"distinct":[140],"roles":[141],"permitted":[143],"actions":[144],"on":[145],"outsourced":[147,165],"In":[149],"summary,":[150],"this":[151],"ensures":[153],"trustworthy,":[158],"verification":[160],"management":[162],"assured.":[168],"Experimental":[169],"illustrate":[171],"efficiency":[173],"scalability":[175],"solution.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}