{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081695729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","title":"A Two-Stage Power Allocation-Based NOMA Architecture for Optical Camera Communication","display_name":"A Two-Stage Power Allocation-Based NOMA Architecture for Optical Camera Communication","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081695729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","mag":"3081695729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4267003/9523781/09178735.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4267003/9523781/09178735.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014051239","display_name":"Md. Shahjalal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4876-6860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md. Shahjalal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055556442","display_name":"Moh. Khalid Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-3523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moh. Khalid Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008545043","display_name":"Md. Mainul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9686-5994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Mainul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065630945","display_name":"Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-086X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307585291","display_name":"Khulna University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04y58d606","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307585291"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307585291"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022518982","display_name":"Yeong Min Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-303X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeong Min Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014051239"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9337,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74931226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"4421","last_page":"4430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9571999907493591,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.9180291295051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7158571481704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.5564031004905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.5471559762954712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5013008117675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4999125003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4749855101108551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.47211897373199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4694406986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4654686450958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.43802326917648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.3919476568698883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35132086277008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.2907792329788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2477998435497284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18245309591293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.17692574858665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1614072322845459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.9180291295051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7158571481704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.5564031004905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.5471559762954712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5013008117675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4999125003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4749855101108551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.47211897373199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4694406986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4654686450958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.43802326917648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.3919476568698883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35132086277008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.2907792329788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2477998435497284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18245309591293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.17692574858665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1614072322845459}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4267003/9523781/09178735.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3015766","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4267003/9523781/09178735.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1251201164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2018-0-01396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1739134435","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","funder_display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1848110238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018-0-01396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2544273868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017-0-00824","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G266217951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7511454767","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2018-0-01396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7685055460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081695729.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081695729.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504081580","https://openalex.org/W1915931411","https://openalex.org/W1958281780","https://openalex.org/W1984649364","https://openalex.org/W2009317169","https://openalex.org/W2045450963","https://openalex.org/W2100303002","https://openalex.org/W2153227920","https://openalex.org/W2215672452","https://openalex.org/W2507605842","https://openalex.org/W2523122228","https://openalex.org/W2524828424","https://openalex.org/W2580066118","https://openalex.org/W2587948979","https://openalex.org/W2609966559","https://openalex.org/W2619151842","https://openalex.org/W2776558889","https://openalex.org/W2780345215","https://openalex.org/W2784210264","https://openalex.org/W2795702407","https://openalex.org/W2801253293","https://openalex.org/W2804961103","https://openalex.org/W2888979167","https://openalex.org/W2895770260","https://openalex.org/W2903025778","https://openalex.org/W2914214138","https://openalex.org/W2915299593","https://openalex.org/W2921604547","https://openalex.org/W2922343498","https://openalex.org/W2969544126","https://openalex.org/W2978535131","https://openalex.org/W3000699369","https://openalex.org/W3101235028","https://openalex.org/W3103537411","https://openalex.org/W6754077366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039798909","https://openalex.org/W2592894164","https://openalex.org/W4226128289","https://openalex.org/W3011056803","https://openalex.org/W4211208704","https://openalex.org/W2891691474","https://openalex.org/W3009734089","https://openalex.org/W2064392160","https://openalex.org/W1984456216","https://openalex.org/W2032584893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visible":[0],"light":[1],"communication":[2,16,22,48],"(VLC)":[3],"is":[4,59,107,159],"an":[5,73,119],"emerging":[6],"technology":[7],"that":[8],"provides":[9],"ubiquitous":[10],"connectivity":[11],"by":[12,95,117],"complementing":[13],"radio":[14],"frequency":[15,173],"for":[17,39,51,126,164],"the":[18,35,128,133,137,147,151,157,171],"fifth-generation":[19],"(5G)":[20],"wireless":[21],"and":[23,167],"beyond.":[24],"However,":[25],"inadequacies":[26],"in":[27],"modulation":[28],"bandwidth":[29],"of":[30,68,90,136,156],"light-emitting":[31],"diode":[32],"(LED)":[33],"reduce":[34],"achievable":[36],"data":[37],"rate":[38,135,154],"image":[40,102],"sensor-based":[41],"VLC,":[42],"also":[43,160],"known":[44],"as":[45,130,132],"optical":[46,74],"camera":[47],"(OCC).":[49],"Hence,":[50],"densely":[52],"deployed":[53],"OCC":[54,79],"networks,":[55],"multiple":[56,76],"channel":[57,124],"access":[58,77,139],"a":[60],"major":[61],"challenge":[62],"faced":[63],"when":[64],"supporting":[65,114],"large":[66],"numbers":[67],"users.":[69],"This":[70],"article":[71],"proposes":[72],"nonorthogonal":[75],"based":[78,104],"(NOMA-OCC)":[80],"system,":[81],"where":[82],"each":[83],"LED":[84,138],"can":[85],"transmit":[86],"two":[87,91,112,115],"separate":[88,110],"signals":[89,113],"different":[92],"power":[93],"levels":[94],"superimposing":[96],"them":[97],"into":[98],"one":[99],"signal.":[100],"An":[101],"sensor":[103],"receiver":[105],"system":[106,158],"designed":[108],"to":[109,145],"these":[111],"users":[116,129],"implying":[118],"intensity":[120],"threshold.":[121],"The":[122],"distinct":[123],"capacities":[125],"both":[127,165],"well":[131],"sum":[134],"point":[140],"were":[141],"analyzed.":[142],"In":[143],"order":[144],"validate":[146],"proposed":[148],"NOMA-OCC":[149],"scheme,":[150],"bit":[152],"error":[153],"performance":[155],"investigated":[161],"through":[162],"simulation":[163],"channels":[166],"then":[168],"compared":[169],"with":[170],"conventional":[172],"shift":[174],"on-off":[175],"keying":[176],"scheme.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
