{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044570106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3009157","title":"Analysis and Optimization of Service Delay for Multiquality Videos in Multitier Heterogeneous Network With Random Caching","display_name":"Analysis and Optimization of Service Delay for Multiquality Videos in Multitier Heterogeneous Network With Random Caching","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044570106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3009157","mag":"3044570106"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.3009157","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3009157","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.10633","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057094640","display_name":"Xuewei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-8850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-8850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086282554","display_name":"Tiejun Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-2419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiejun Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-2419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043282231","display_name":"Yuan Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-8388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communications and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-8388","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communications and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021527965","display_name":"Wei Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-594X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101388","display_name":"Health Sciences and Nutrition","ror":"https://ror.org/0152bt112","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210101388","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-594X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101388","https://openalex.org/I42894916"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038087450","display_name":"Norman C. Beaulieu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9233-219X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norman C. Beaulieu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9233-219X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3091,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60623562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"2451","last_page":"2462"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.844267725944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrocell","display_name":"Macrocell","score":0.7347134351730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6273677349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5609273314476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.5606560111045837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-delay","display_name":"Transmission delay","score":0.5380878448486328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.5095803737640381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.47273460030555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4452956020832062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.42229244112968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.1921534240245819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.15823212265968323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.844267725944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778291847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163937","display_name":"Macrocell","level":3,"score":0.7347134351730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6273677349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5609273314476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.5606560111045837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108921912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834639","display_name":"Transmission delay","level":3,"score":0.5380878448486328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.5095803737640381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.47273460030555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4452956020832062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.42229244112968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.1921534240245819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.15823212265968323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.3009157","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.3009157","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.10633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.10633","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.10633","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.10633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.10633","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.10633","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6607030689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7463271989","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L192025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7647418852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801382","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W631335369","https://openalex.org/W1585773866","https://openalex.org/W1922696133","https://openalex.org/W1991620090","https://openalex.org/W2066174717","https://openalex.org/W2112053513","https://openalex.org/W2170526793","https://openalex.org/W2172073677","https://openalex.org/W2213621529","https://openalex.org/W2215792646","https://openalex.org/W2271618010","https://openalex.org/W2336784746","https://openalex.org/W2345821518","https://openalex.org/W2413378857","https://openalex.org/W2435503387","https://openalex.org/W2489913142","https://openalex.org/W2513747323","https://openalex.org/W2552885090","https://openalex.org/W2559537540","https://openalex.org/W2604281498","https://openalex.org/W2613269360","https://openalex.org/W2613292045","https://openalex.org/W2614046929","https://openalex.org/W2765260257","https://openalex.org/W2793094603","https://openalex.org/W2793571972","https://openalex.org/W2795648038","https://openalex.org/W2797227322","https://openalex.org/W2807012911","https://openalex.org/W2808726992","https://openalex.org/W2809228156","https://openalex.org/W2864324236","https://openalex.org/W2897900663","https://openalex.org/W2946371207","https://openalex.org/W2962829172","https://openalex.org/W2962880523","https://openalex.org/W2962907855","https://openalex.org/W2963155944","https://openalex.org/W2963290290","https://openalex.org/W2963355846","https://openalex.org/W2963611429","https://openalex.org/W2963723102","https://openalex.org/W2963805754","https://openalex.org/W2964230603","https://openalex.org/W2964349624","https://openalex.org/W2969372512","https://openalex.org/W2990994567","https://openalex.org/W3020583910","https://openalex.org/W3100538838","https://openalex.org/W3102806519","https://openalex.org/W3103833233","https://openalex.org/W3104804075","https://openalex.org/W6704133970","https://openalex.org/W6755180893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W568081520","https://openalex.org/W2794077711","https://openalex.org/W2354270559","https://openalex.org/W4376117215","https://openalex.org/W2773201685","https://openalex.org/W2887526653","https://openalex.org/W2094293617","https://openalex.org/W2287483826","https://openalex.org/W2034217342","https://openalex.org/W2378283793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aiming":[0],"to":[1,58,102,118,133],"minimize":[2],"service":[3,66,169],"delay,":[4],"we":[5],"propose":[6],"a":[7,33,77,82,85,91,97],"new":[8],"random":[9,159],"caching":[10,154,160],"scheme":[11,161],"in":[12,164],"device-to-device":[13],"(D2D)":[14],"assisted":[15],"heterogeneous":[16],"network.":[17],"To":[18],"support":[19],"diversified":[20],"viewing":[21],"qualities":[22],"of":[23,68,107,114,166],"multimedia":[24],"video":[25,28,44],"services,":[26],"each":[27],"file":[29],"is":[30,56,79,121,131,162],"encoded":[31],"into":[32],"base":[34,87,93],"layer":[35],"(BL)":[36],"and":[37,53,63,90,110,123,141],"multiple":[38],"enhancement":[39],"layers":[40],"(ELs)":[41],"by":[42,71,81],"scalable":[43],"coding":[45],"(SVC).":[46],"A":[47],"super":[48],"layer,":[49],"including":[50],"the":[51,65,103,115,119,136,146,156,168],"BL":[52],"several":[54],"ELs,":[55],"transmitted":[57],"every":[59],"user.":[60],"We":[61,95],"define":[62],"quantify":[64],"delay":[67,98],"multiquality":[69],"videos":[70],"deriving":[72],"successful":[73,147],"transmission":[74,148],"probabilities":[75],"when":[76],"user":[78],"served":[80],"D2D":[83,108],"helper,":[84],"small-cell":[86],"station":[88],"(SBS),":[89],"macrocell":[92],"station.":[94],"formulate":[96],"minimization":[99],"problem":[100,120],"subject":[101],"limited":[104],"cache":[105],"sizes":[106],"helpers":[109],"SBSs.":[111],"The":[112],"structure":[113],"optimal":[116],"solutions":[117],"revealed,":[122],"then":[124],"an":[125],"improved":[126],"standard":[127],"gradient":[128],"projection":[129],"method":[130],"designed":[132],"effectively":[134],"obtain":[135],"solutions.":[137],"Both":[138],"theoretical":[139],"analysis":[140],"Monte":[142],"Carlo":[143],"simulations":[144],"validate":[145],"probabilities.":[149],"Compared":[150],"with":[151],"three":[152],"benchmark":[153],"policies,":[155],"proposed":[157],"SVC-based":[158],"superior":[163],"terms":[165],"reducing":[167],"delay.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2020-07-29T00:00:00"}