{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3025946171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.2990679","title":"Uncertainty Expression and Propagation in the Risk Assessment of Uncertain Random System","display_name":"Uncertainty Expression and Propagation in the Risk Assessment of Uncertain Random System","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3025946171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.2990679","mag":"3025946171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.2990679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.2990679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017473860","display_name":"Lunhu Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0956-7348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lunhu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102026831","display_name":"Rui Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-6574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-6574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049756345","display_name":"Xing Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-7840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-7840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059584940","display_name":"Dujun Zuo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dujun Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90244311,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"1604","last_page":"1615"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12135","display_name":"Fuzzy Systems and Optimization","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequentist-inference","display_name":"Frequentist inference","score":0.7821073532104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.7502274513244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-quantification","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","score":0.7192064523696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6666885614395142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/possibility-theory","display_name":"Possibility theory","score":0.6074025630950928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-theory","display_name":"Probability theory","score":0.5919787287712097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-analysis","display_name":"Uncertainty analysis","score":0.528351366519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5248059034347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-theory","display_name":"Uncertainty theory","score":0.5222393274307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-of-uncertainty","display_name":"Propagation of uncertainty","score":0.5101054310798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5057868957519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-reduction-theory","display_name":"Uncertainty reduction theory","score":0.4736952781677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-analysis","display_name":"Sensitivity analysis","score":0.4725969433784485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-uncertainty","display_name":"Measurement uncertainty","score":0.46591973304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.37377357482910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34478163719177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-inference","display_name":"Bayesian inference","score":0.3019949197769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.28681686520576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26960480213165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20451870560646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13185849785804749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13002455234527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08122596144676208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162376815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2158281","display_name":"Frequentist inference","level":4,"score":0.7821073532104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7502274513244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32230216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882499","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","level":2,"score":0.7192064523696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6666885614395142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137912672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967096","display_name":"Possibility theory","level":4,"score":0.6074025630950928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122203268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5862903","display_name":"Probability theory","level":2,"score":0.5919787287712097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177803969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29205","display_name":"Uncertainty analysis","level":2,"score":0.528351366519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5248059034347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51152595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882501","display_name":"Uncertainty theory","level":2,"score":0.5222393274307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123614077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364905","display_name":"Propagation of uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.5101054310798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5057868957519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94361409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882500","display_name":"Uncertainty reduction theory","level":2,"score":0.4736952781677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176147448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1889114","display_name":"Sensitivity analysis","level":3,"score":0.4725969433784485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137209882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403517","display_name":"Measurement uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.46591973304748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.37377357482910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34478163719177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.3019949197769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.28681686520576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26960480213165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20451870560646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13185849785804749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13002455234527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08122596144676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2020.2990679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.2990679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2329707413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFF0206504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3009418347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61573043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7952397639","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u4eba\u56e0\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71571004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127422594","https://openalex.org/W603375353","https://openalex.org/W1492817421","https://openalex.org/W1524912307","https://openalex.org/W1580809199","https://openalex.org/W1768617998","https://openalex.org/W1820764636","https://openalex.org/W1963826152","https://openalex.org/W1971647087","https://openalex.org/W1977963437","https://openalex.org/W1984472815","https://openalex.org/W1990845486","https://openalex.org/W2002953674","https://openalex.org/W2004856665","https://openalex.org/W2006267054","https://openalex.org/W2019950953","https://openalex.org/W2020797150","https://openalex.org/W2021171753","https://openalex.org/W2046862217","https://openalex.org/W2057656735","https://openalex.org/W2058062479","https://openalex.org/W2066843515","https://openalex.org/W2071575826","https://openalex.org/W2074339547","https://openalex.org/W2081779205","https://openalex.org/W2091403477","https://openalex.org/W2093905688","https://openalex.org/W2094054248","https://openalex.org/W2100501251","https://openalex.org/W2110052313","https://openalex.org/W2111959010","https://openalex.org/W2132221037","https://openalex.org/W2142062936","https://openalex.org/W2147565737","https://openalex.org/W2149507322","https://openalex.org/W2151376743","https://openalex.org/W2168872920","https://openalex.org/W2170365020","https://openalex.org/W2185760344","https://openalex.org/W2205836349","https://openalex.org/W2304336559","https://openalex.org/W2310846724","https://openalex.org/W2343802472","https://openalex.org/W2346233588","https://openalex.org/W2515132961","https://openalex.org/W2766491475","https://openalex.org/W2797148637","https://openalex.org/W2802621554","https://openalex.org/W2803460043","https://openalex.org/W2809067937","https://openalex.org/W3007423225","https://openalex.org/W3122494203","https://openalex.org/W4205844716","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W6682597882","https://openalex.org/W6686515627"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W192625647","https://openalex.org/W2355459279","https://openalex.org/W1600047650","https://openalex.org/W1588988846","https://openalex.org/W2118837651","https://openalex.org/W2076250596","https://openalex.org/W3188296600","https://openalex.org/W2983338817","https://openalex.org/W2188510788","https://openalex.org/W3025946171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Expressions":[0],"and":[1,60,95,128,172,175],"propagations":[2],"of":[3,13,31,47,66,116,141,150,166,181],"uncertainties":[4,94],"have":[5],"been":[6],"the":[7,11,29,45,52,83,86,113,139,148],"core":[8],"topics":[9],"in":[10,16,44,71,82],"development":[12],"risk":[14],"science":[15],"last":[17],"decades,":[18],"whose":[19,144],"purpose":[20],"is":[21,36,69,89,98,108,135,159,176],"to":[22,51,74,91,100,111,137,155,161],"provide":[23],"decision-makers":[24],"with":[25],"clear":[26],"information":[27],"about":[28],"uncertainty":[30,67,78,87,118],"system's":[32],"risk.":[33],"Uncertainty":[34],"theory":[35,39,88,171],"an":[37],"emerging":[38],"that":[40,80,147],"has":[41],"great":[42],"advantages":[43],"expression":[46,68],"epistemic":[48,93],"uncertainty,":[49],"compared":[50],"theories":[53,167],"such":[54,168],"as":[55,169],"subjective":[56],"probability,":[57],"evidence":[58,170],"theory,":[59,174],"possibility":[61,173],"theory.":[62],"A":[63,104,132],"new":[64],"framework":[65],"proposed":[70,117,142,151],"this":[72],"article":[73],"properly":[75],"express":[76,92,101],"different":[77],"sources":[79],"exist":[81],"system,":[84],"where":[85],"used":[90,99],"frequentist":[96],"probability":[97],"aleatory":[102],"uncertainties.":[103],"general":[105],"propagation":[106],"method":[107,152],"further":[109],"developed":[110],"address":[112],"joint":[114],"calculations":[115],"expressions,":[119],"which":[120,158],"can":[121],"be":[122,162],"degenerated":[123],"into":[124],"pure":[125,129],"probabilistic":[126],"approach":[127],"uncertainty-based":[130],"approach.":[131,183],"case":[133],"study":[134],"conducted":[136],"show":[138],"effectiveness":[140],"method,":[143],"results":[145,165,180],"indicate":[146],"application":[149],"will":[153],"lead":[154],"a":[156],"result":[157],"easier":[160],"understood":[163],"than":[164,179],"more":[177],"robust":[178],"Bayesian":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}