{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970224214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2019.2935352","title":"Intrusion-Detector-Dependent Frequency Regulation for Microgrids Under Denial-of-Service Attacks","display_name":"Intrusion-Detector-Dependent Frequency Regulation for Microgrids Under Denial-of-Service Attacks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970224214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2019.2935352","mag":"2970224214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2019.2935352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2019.2935352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682515","display_name":"Shichao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-161X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shichao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-161X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035300094","display_name":"Pierluigi Siano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierluigi Siano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357567","display_name":"Xiaoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7432-0101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100682515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93168742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"2593","last_page":"2596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.8374881744384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.8134920597076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7787961959838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6001940965652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5966739058494568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.594713568687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.5015838146209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion","display_name":"Intrusion","score":0.47186416387557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4698680341243744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.41528230905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35809898376464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.34436875581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33707159757614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2952694296836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11462318897247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.0714661180973053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07115510106086731}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.8374881744384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.8134920597076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7787961959838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6001940965652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5966739058494568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.594713568687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.5015838146209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158251709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354025","display_name":"Intrusion","level":2,"score":0.47186416387557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4698680341243744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41528230905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35809898376464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.34436875581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33707159757614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2952694296836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11462318897247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.0714661180973053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07115510106086731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2019.2935352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2019.2935352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1089059998","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5081152029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4184095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504052325","https://openalex.org/W2071780137","https://openalex.org/W2080680379","https://openalex.org/W2201712813","https://openalex.org/W2320793336","https://openalex.org/W2323585208","https://openalex.org/W2332912277","https://openalex.org/W2387463188","https://openalex.org/W2469044795","https://openalex.org/W2529639355","https://openalex.org/W2536620281","https://openalex.org/W2895397679","https://openalex.org/W2904557769","https://openalex.org/W2911480929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574359403","https://openalex.org/W2057975886","https://openalex.org/W4308700935","https://openalex.org/W4210780382","https://openalex.org/W2076021085","https://openalex.org/W2061539888","https://openalex.org/W3006223230","https://openalex.org/W2424479016","https://openalex.org/W2133389611","https://openalex.org/W2386414721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3],"intrusion-detector-dependent":[4],"secondary":[5],"frequency":[6,47],"control":[7,16,51],"approach":[8],"to":[9,79],"enhance":[10],"the":[11,21,26,35,55,61,66,86,91,94],"attack-resilient":[12,23],"capability":[13],"of":[14,20,29,39,75,93],"microgrid":[15,95],"systems.":[17],"While":[18],"most":[19],"existing":[22],"controllers":[24],"assume":[25],"perfect":[27],"accuracy":[28],"intrusion":[30,40],"detection":[31,38,100],"systems,":[32],"we":[33],"consider":[34],"possible":[36],"false":[37,99],"detectors":[41],"against":[42],"denial-of-service":[43],"attack.":[44],"The":[45],"proposed":[46],"controller":[48,88],"adjusts":[49],"its":[50],"gains":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"detected":[56],"attack":[57,63,68],"choice":[58,69],"rather":[59],"than":[60],"actual":[62,67],"choice,":[64],"as":[65],"can":[70,89],"only":[71],"be":[72],"detected,":[73],"instead":[74],"assuming":[76],"surely":[77],"known":[78],"a":[80,97],"defender.":[81],"Test":[82],"results":[83],"verify":[84],"that":[85],"designed":[87],"sustain":[90],"stability":[92],"under":[96],"high":[98],"rate.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}