{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2473435542","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2016.2573799","title":"Integrated Strategies of Backtracking Search Optimizer for Solving Reactive Power Dispatch Problem","display_name":"Integrated Strategies of Backtracking Search Optimizer for Solving Reactive Power Dispatch Problem","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2473435542","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2016.2573799","mag":"2473435542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2016.2573799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2016.2573799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073173597","display_name":"Abdullah M. Shaheen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1106-2800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126896","display_name":"New and Renewable Energy Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/030zrse19","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Mohammed Shaheen","raw_affiliation_strings":["South Delta Electricity Distribution Company (SDEDCo), Ministry of Electricity, Tanta 31733, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South Delta Electricity Distribution Company (SDEDCo), Ministry of Electricity, Tanta 31733, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019940948","display_name":"Ragab A. El\u2010Sehiemy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3340-4031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126896","display_name":"New and Renewable Energy Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/030zrse19","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ragab A. El-Sehiemy","raw_affiliation_strings":["South Delta Electricity Distribution Company (SDEDCo), Ministry of Electricity, Tanta 31733, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3340-4031","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South Delta Electricity Distribution Company (SDEDCo), Ministry of Electricity, Tanta 31733, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109390587","display_name":"Sobhy M. Farrag","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126896","display_name":"New and Renewable Energy Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/030zrse19","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sobhy M. Farrag","raw_affiliation_strings":["South Delta Electricity Distribution Company (SDEDCo), Ministry of Electricity, Tanta 31733, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South Delta Electricity Distribution Company (SDEDCo), Ministry of Electricity, Tanta 31733, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126896"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7201,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93528525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"424","last_page":"433"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.7249033451080322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.696004331111908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossover","display_name":"Crossover","score":0.5879874229431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backtracking","display_name":"Backtracking","score":0.48635655641555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4638512134552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.46292755007743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4071252942085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.361361026763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.29730117321014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29219043254852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.25958508253097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.15369871258735657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.7249033451080322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.696004331111908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122507166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628906","display_name":"Crossover","level":2,"score":0.5879874229431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156884757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798554","display_name":"Backtracking","level":2,"score":0.48635655641555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4638512134552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.46292755007743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4071252942085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.361361026763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.29730117321014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29219043254852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.25958508253097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.15369871258735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2016.2573799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2016.2573799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579293473","https://openalex.org/W1964091120","https://openalex.org/W1987092188","https://openalex.org/W1988449634","https://openalex.org/W1999198894","https://openalex.org/W2004228161","https://openalex.org/W2007840664","https://openalex.org/W2019268430","https://openalex.org/W2019614369","https://openalex.org/W2022194108","https://openalex.org/W2023305140","https://openalex.org/W2023960835","https://openalex.org/W2038523443","https://openalex.org/W2047082231","https://openalex.org/W2047972856","https://openalex.org/W2049778887","https://openalex.org/W2050682525","https://openalex.org/W2051463869","https://openalex.org/W2053401848","https://openalex.org/W2058215180","https://openalex.org/W2059934559","https://openalex.org/W2060289797","https://openalex.org/W2064727618","https://openalex.org/W2071255679","https://openalex.org/W2072927385","https://openalex.org/W2081489435","https://openalex.org/W2084168080","https://openalex.org/W2090916622","https://openalex.org/W2134482705","https://openalex.org/W2141249818","https://openalex.org/W2150700149","https://openalex.org/W2152116472","https://openalex.org/W2153301959","https://openalex.org/W2154454036","https://openalex.org/W2166187636","https://openalex.org/W2213405027","https://openalex.org/W2266961867","https://openalex.org/W2276743969","https://openalex.org/W2285499292","https://openalex.org/W2344167889","https://openalex.org/W3145278720","https://openalex.org/W4291515901","https://openalex.org/W6692950336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2760348722","https://openalex.org/W2783885583","https://openalex.org/W2120095724","https://openalex.org/W2368326437","https://openalex.org/W1631221657","https://openalex.org/W2357479099","https://openalex.org/W2347477706","https://openalex.org/W2364309619","https://openalex.org/W1525406239","https://openalex.org/W4299389082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"backtracking":[3],"search":[4,91,170],"optimizer":[5],"(BSO)":[6],"for":[7],"solving":[8],"the":[9,38,42,52,61,84,87,108,117,139,147,157,161,169,174,180,187,197],"reactive":[10,55],"power":[11,63,128],"dispatch":[12],"(RPD)":[13],"problem.":[14],"The":[15,110],"RPD":[16],"problem":[17,23],"is":[18,25],"highly":[19],"nonlinear,":[20],"nonconvex":[21],"optimization":[22],"and":[24,30,51,69,79,90,125,172,182],"consisting":[26],"of":[27,41,47,54,86,101,104,138,160,176,184],"both":[28],"continuous":[29],"discrete":[31],"control":[32,71,83],"variables.":[33],"It":[34,73],"aims":[35],"to":[36,59,106,116],"find":[37],"optimal":[39],"settings":[40],"generator":[43],"voltages,":[44],"tap":[45,48],"positions":[46],"changing":[49],"transformers,":[50],"amount":[53],"compensation":[56],"that":[57,82,146],"able":[58],"optimize":[60],"transmission":[62],"losses.":[64],"BSO":[65,105,112,148],"has":[66,74],"simple":[67],"structure":[68],"single":[70],"parameter.":[72],"two":[75],"new":[76],"tuned":[77],"mutation":[78,102,153],"crossover":[80],"operators":[81],"amplitude":[85],"search-direction":[88],"matrix":[89],"space":[92,171],"boundaries.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95],"paper,":[96],"five":[97],"diversified":[98],"generation":[99],"strategies":[100,113],"factor":[103,154],"solve":[107],"RPD.":[109],"proposed":[111,185],"are":[114,190],"applied":[115],"IEEE":[118],"standard":[119],"14-,":[120],"30-,":[121],"57-bus":[122],"test":[123],"systems,":[124],"a":[126,136],"real":[127],"system":[129,134],"at":[130],"West":[131],"Delta":[132],"region":[133],"as":[135],"part":[137],"unified":[140],"Egyptian":[141],"network.":[142],"Simulation":[143],"results":[144,189],"show":[145,179],"strategy,":[149],"which":[150],"almost":[151],"generates":[152],"concentrated":[155],"on":[156],"mean":[158],"value":[159],"normal":[162],"distribution":[163],"(BSO":[164],"4)":[165],"assigns":[166],"multidirections":[167],"through":[168],"supports":[173],"diversity":[175],"populations.":[177],"To":[178],"effectiveness":[181],"superiority":[183],"BSO,":[186],"obtained":[188],"compared":[191],"with":[192],"different":[193],"algorithms":[194],"reported":[195],"in":[196],"literature.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}