{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226165103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2022.3172788","title":"Joint Transmit Waveform and Passive Beamforming Design for RIS-Aided DFRC Systems","display_name":"Joint Transmit Waveform and Passive Beamforming Design for RIS-Aided DFRC Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226165103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2022.3172788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2022.3172788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2022.3172788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.08861","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063914481","display_name":"Rang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-7224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-7224","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351507","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-8241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-8241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355814","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-783X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-783X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048817096","display_name":"Qingqing Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-3266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingqing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-3266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318597","display_name":"Qian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-4572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2282-4572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.1059,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":324,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99839842,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"5","first_page":"995","last_page":"1010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11669","display_name":"Head and Neck Surgical Oncology","score":0.9287999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.752694845199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6792923212051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5703245401382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5306291580200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4994828701019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.435374915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.42932072281837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24236145615577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18643751740455627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.752694845199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6792923212051392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5703245401382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5306291580200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4994828701019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.435374915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.42932072281837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24236145615577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18643751740455627}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2022.3172788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2022.3172788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2112.08861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.08861","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.08861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2112.08861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.08861","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.08861","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1777577019","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971088, 62071083, U1808206, and U1908214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012563130","https://openalex.org/W2049516452","https://openalex.org/W2071652847","https://openalex.org/W2491483019","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2780231131","https://openalex.org/W2941088479","https://openalex.org/W2941598852","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W2968389137","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969072158","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2969519626","https://openalex.org/W2972757045","https://openalex.org/W2973110004","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W2996852472","https://openalex.org/W3001977108","https://openalex.org/W3003135299","https://openalex.org/W3021024154","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3038534820","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3092477192","https://openalex.org/W3106758637","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3133505491","https://openalex.org/W3146827687","https://openalex.org/W3152632745","https://openalex.org/W3163555793","https://openalex.org/W3164896102","https://openalex.org/W3178081691","https://openalex.org/W3185482389","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3200629432","https://openalex.org/W3202943682","https://openalex.org/W3204184545","https://openalex.org/W3209801506","https://openalex.org/W3211270128","https://openalex.org/W4205204500","https://openalex.org/W4214866728","https://openalex.org/W4214881898","https://openalex.org/W4226061238","https://openalex.org/W4287099393","https://openalex.org/W4297803207","https://openalex.org/W4312258136","https://openalex.org/W4313172227","https://openalex.org/W6761393245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2364769705","https://openalex.org/W2056136368","https://openalex.org/W2374664672","https://openalex.org/W4367555392","https://openalex.org/W2538520412","https://openalex.org/W4387686915"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"is":[4,163],"a":[5,29,60],"promising":[6],"technology":[7],"for":[8,48],"6":[9],"G":[10],"networks":[11],"owing":[12],"to":[13,17,92,105,165],"its":[14],"superior":[15],"ability":[16],"enhance":[18],"the":[19,38,66,86,95,100,107,121,131,135,139,152,167,175,178,184,187],"capacity":[20],"and":[21,53,79,99,138,159,183,193],"coverage":[22],"of":[23,40,103,128,142,156,177,186],"wireless":[24],"communications":[25,84],"by":[26,114],"smartly":[27],"creating":[28],"favorable":[30],"propagation":[31],"environment.":[32],"In":[33,56],"this":[34],"paper,":[35],"we":[36,58],"investigate":[37],"potential":[39],"employing":[41],"RIS":[42,104,143],"in":[43,64],"dual-functional":[44,96],"radar-communication":[45],"(DFRC)":[46],"systems":[47],"improving":[49],"both":[50,73],"radar":[51,77,108],"sensing":[52,78],"communication":[54,122],"functionalities.":[55],"particular,":[57],"consider":[59],"RIS-assisted":[61,180],"DFRC":[62],"system":[63],"which":[65],"multi-antenna":[67],"base":[68],"station":[69],"(BS)":[70],"simultaneously":[71],"performs":[72],"multi-input":[74,81],"multi-output":[75],"(MIMO)":[76],"multi-user":[80],"single-output":[82],"(MU-MISO)":[83],"using":[85],"same":[87],"hardware":[88],"platform.":[89],"We":[90],"aim":[91],"jointly":[93],"design":[94,196],"transmit":[97,136,191],"waveform":[98,192],"passive":[101,194],"beamforming":[102,195],"maximize":[106],"output":[109],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[110],"ratio":[111],"(SINR)":[112],"achieved":[113],"space-time":[115],"adaptive":[116],"processing":[117],"(STAP),":[118],"while":[119],"satisfying":[120],"quality-of-service":[123],"(QoS)":[124],"requirement":[125],"under":[126],"one":[127],"three":[129],"metrics,":[130],"constant-modulus":[132],"constraint":[133,141],"on":[134,151],"waveform,":[137],"unit-modulus":[140],"reflecting":[144],"coefficients.":[145],"An":[146],"efficient":[147],"algorithm":[148],"framework":[149],"based":[150],"alternative":[153],"direction":[154],"method":[155],"multipliers":[157],"(ADMM)":[158],"majorization-minimization":[160],"(MM)":[161],"methods":[162],"developed":[164,188],"solve":[166],"complicated":[168],"non-convex":[169],"optimization":[170],"problem.":[171],"Simulation":[172],"results":[173],"verify":[174],"advancement":[176],"proposed":[179],"DRFC":[181],"scheme":[182],"effectiveness":[185],"ADMM-MM-based":[189],"joint":[190],"algorithm.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":101},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}