{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3177172193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3052648","title":"Multi-Level Memory Compensation Network for Rain Removal via Divide-and-Conquer Strategy","display_name":"Multi-Level Memory Compensation Network for Rain Removal via Divide-and-Conquer Strategy","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3177172193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3052648","mag":"3177172193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2021.3052648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3052648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103140908","display_name":"Kui Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-7503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kui Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741750","display_name":"Zhongyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-488X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088371302","display_name":"Peng Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9366-951X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418568","display_name":"Chen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-7061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101738241","display_name":"Xiaofen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0903-2044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087165831","display_name":"Junjun Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-505X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjun Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058154161","display_name":"Zixiang Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4714-3311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixiang Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103140908"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2596,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81877998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"216","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streak","display_name":"Streak","score":0.7997055053710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.754613995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divide-and-conquer-algorithms","display_name":"Divide and conquer algorithms","score":0.6351161003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6203168630599976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5636125206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5032293200492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4645741879940033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.46074309945106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subnetwork","display_name":"Subnetwork","score":0.4398561418056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35554826259613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3242667317390442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3183669447898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14450302720069885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65185188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107775","display_name":"Streak","level":2,"score":0.7997055053710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.754613995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71559656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671298","display_name":"Divide and conquer algorithms","level":2,"score":0.6351161003112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6203168630599976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5636125206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5032293200492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4645741879940033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.46074309945106506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780186347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11414","display_name":"Subnetwork","level":2,"score":0.4398561418056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35554826259613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3242667317390442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3183669447898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14450302720069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2021.3052648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3052648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2396767952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1736206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2506566822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1903214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3128236903","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072347","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G381375632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020BAB018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335792","funder_display_name":"Hubei Technological Innovation Special Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6163493852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6346682572","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671332","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G769530383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071339","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8433026972","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019AAA049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335792","funder_display_name":"Hubei Technological Innovation Special Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G941251740","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072350","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335792","display_name":"Hubei Technological Innovation Special Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485009520","https://openalex.org/W1515538578","https://openalex.org/W1616262590","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1976056157","https://openalex.org/W2025653905","https://openalex.org/W2073623229","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2113569611","https://openalex.org/W2121396509","https://openalex.org/W2122596619","https://openalex.org/W2131494463","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2141983208","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2150884987","https://openalex.org/W2154621477","https://openalex.org/W2163146621","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2209874411","https://openalex.org/W2400607496","https://openalex.org/W2466666260","https://openalex.org/W2476548250","https://openalex.org/W2509784253","https://openalex.org/W2559264300","https://openalex.org/W2562137921","https://openalex.org/W2579658395","https://openalex.org/W2586630418","https://openalex.org/W2613034492","https://openalex.org/W2740982616","https://openalex.org/W2753548330","https://openalex.org/W2771673973","https://openalex.org/W2787518671","https://openalex.org/W2884068670","https://openalex.org/W2891269274","https://openalex.org/W2904835235","https://openalex.org/W2912435603","https://openalex.org/W2913360047","https://openalex.org/W2926107957","https://openalex.org/W2930755307","https://openalex.org/W2948667002","https://openalex.org/W2954171777","https://openalex.org/W2956891660","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963017889","https://openalex.org/W2963182372","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963800716","https://openalex.org/W2963843230","https://openalex.org/W2963878020","https://openalex.org/W2964091467","https://openalex.org/W2964101377","https://openalex.org/W2964212750","https://openalex.org/W2964267765","https://openalex.org/W2964331331","https://openalex.org/W2964971929","https://openalex.org/W2967584026","https://openalex.org/W2972694001","https://openalex.org/W2974467376","https://openalex.org/W2980047233","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3035250394","https://openalex.org/W3035326127","https://openalex.org/W3097364975","https://openalex.org/W3102431071","https://openalex.org/W3107561632","https://openalex.org/W3112479442","https://openalex.org/W4288108345","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6679844565","https://openalex.org/W6767353961","https://openalex.org/W6777046832","https://openalex.org/W6967019552"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060724872","https://openalex.org/W2082094785","https://openalex.org/W2202198356","https://openalex.org/W3087203342","https://openalex.org/W2377184161","https://openalex.org/W228984114","https://openalex.org/W4226360758","https://openalex.org/W2151093953","https://openalex.org/W2090026684","https://openalex.org/W2907567977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"an":[1],"increasing":[2],"number":[3],"of":[4,42,51,80,142,145,181],"algorithms":[5],"have":[6],"been":[7],"proposed":[8,172],"for":[9,63,96],"rain":[10,22,43,52,64,97,132,147,160],"streak":[11,65,98],"removal.":[12,99],"However,":[13],"most":[14],"existing":[15,176],"methods":[16,178],"ignore":[17],"the":[18,39,48,60,69,77,111,130,135,143,146,158,175,191],"discrepancy":[19],"in":[20,83,165,179],"removing":[21],"streaks":[23,44],"from":[24,129,162],"background":[25,84],"contents":[26],"with":[27],"different":[28],"texture":[29,81,113],"richness":[30,82,114],"(frequencies).":[31],"They":[32],"adopt":[33],"a":[34,89,102,124,152],"unified":[35],"scheme":[36],"to":[37,76,138],"learn":[38,140],"final":[40],"distribution":[41],"directly,":[45],"thus":[46,150],"sacrificing":[47],"representative":[49],"accuracy":[50],"information.":[53,148],"To":[54],"this":[55,57],"end,":[56],"paper":[58],"leverages":[59],"divide-and-conquer":[61],"strategy":[62],"removal":[66],"by":[67,105,156],"decomposing":[68],"learning":[70],"task":[71],"into":[72],"several":[73,116,187],"subproblems":[74,109],"according":[75],"levels":[78],"(frequencies)":[79],"contents.":[85],"Particularly,":[86],"we":[87],"construct":[88],"novel":[90],"multi-level":[91],"memory":[92],"compensation":[93],"network":[94],"(MLMCN)":[95],"It":[100],"achieves":[101],"promising":[103],"solution":[104],"individually":[106,139],"handling":[107],"these":[108],"under":[110],"specific":[112,125],"via":[115,134],"parallel":[117],"subnetworks.":[118],"Each":[119],"subnetwork":[120],"takes":[121],"as":[122],"input":[123],"sub-sampled":[126],"image,":[127],"sampled":[128],"original":[131],"ones":[133],"Gaussian":[136],"kernel,":[137],"one":[141],"sub-distributions":[144],"We":[149,167],"produce":[151],"high-quality":[153],"rain-free":[154],"image":[155],"subtracting":[157],"predicted":[159],"information":[161],"multiple":[163],"subnetworks":[164],"turn.":[166],"experimentally":[168],"show":[169],"that":[170],"our":[171],"MLMCN":[173],"outperforms":[174],"deraining":[177],"terms":[180],"quantitative":[182],"indicators,":[183],"visual":[184],"effects":[185],"on":[186],"benchmark":[188],"datasets,":[189],"and":[190],"high-level":[192],"object":[193],"detection":[194],"task.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
