{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118443978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3050979","title":"Semi-Supervised Landmark-Guided Restoration of Atmospheric Turbulent Images","display_name":"Semi-Supervised Landmark-Guided Restoration of Atmospheric Turbulent Images","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118443978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3050979","mag":"3118443978"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2021.3050979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3050979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041734550","display_name":"Chun Pong Lau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3748-4160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chun Pong Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100727519","display_name":"Amit Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-1386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102762707","display_name":"Rama Chellappa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-1650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rama Chellappa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041734550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3843,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58267974,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"204","last_page":"215"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.9640218019485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7402948141098022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7347928285598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.6543964147567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6347582340240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5857728123664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5751320123672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5365320444107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5116736888885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"Image restoration","score":0.4110536277294159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.24005341529846191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.9640218019485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7402948141098022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7347928285598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.6543964147567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6347582340240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5857728123664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5751320123672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5365320444107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5116736888885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.4110536277294159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.24005341529846191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2021.3050979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2021.3050979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6102760031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-022600002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333051","funder_display_name":"Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312530","display_name":"Office of the Director of National Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01v3fsc55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333051","display_name":"Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity","ror":"https://ror.org/01v3fsc55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602397586","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1896424170","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1968720730","https://openalex.org/W1976948919","https://openalex.org/W1986517302","https://openalex.org/W1995330649","https://openalex.org/W2005853603","https://openalex.org/W2012885984","https://openalex.org/W2026214447","https://openalex.org/W2028094141","https://openalex.org/W2050334711","https://openalex.org/W2058961190","https://openalex.org/W2063731133","https://openalex.org/W2075894709","https://openalex.org/W2113325037","https://openalex.org/W2136391815","https://openalex.org/W2138945305","https://openalex.org/W2173520492","https://openalex.org/W2175012183","https://openalex.org/W2382036597","https://openalex.org/W2471396780","https://openalex.org/W2515080343","https://openalex.org/W2518965973","https://openalex.org/W2553897675","https://openalex.org/W2589255576","https://openalex.org/W2605195953","https://openalex.org/W2798691622","https://openalex.org/W2826533570","https://openalex.org/W2895542678","https://openalex.org/W2899771611","https://openalex.org/W2916798096","https://openalex.org/W2940262938","https://openalex.org/W2945864714","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2962925415","https://openalex.org/W2962977533","https://openalex.org/W2963312584","https://openalex.org/W2963450858","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963522749","https://openalex.org/W2963566548","https://openalex.org/W2963583792","https://openalex.org/W2963667985","https://openalex.org/W2963676087","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2963743395","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964239703","https://openalex.org/W2964304707","https://openalex.org/W2964337079","https://openalex.org/W2966235325","https://openalex.org/W2979925061","https://openalex.org/W4289753974","https://openalex.org/W4293398859","https://openalex.org/W4295274059","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6680285999","https://openalex.org/W6685352114","https://openalex.org/W6730095352","https://openalex.org/W6736155344","https://openalex.org/W6756040250","https://openalex.org/W6761630670","https://openalex.org/W6766690598","https://openalex.org/W6769208129","https://openalex.org/W6787689136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056853153","https://openalex.org/W2057559274","https://openalex.org/W2026924879","https://openalex.org/W2005087563","https://openalex.org/W2378111931","https://openalex.org/W2052388267","https://openalex.org/W2950647290","https://openalex.org/W2620829895","https://openalex.org/W2356918560","https://openalex.org/W4243161226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"degradation":[1],"due":[2],"to":[3,89,123,138,174],"atmospheric":[4],"turbulence":[5,102],"(AT),":[6],"which":[7,152],"is":[8],"common":[9],"while":[10],"capturing":[11],"images":[12,45,76,92,106,167],"at":[13],"long":[14],"ranges,":[15],"adversely":[16],"affects":[17],"the":[18,30,74,79,83,95,116,124,140,146,149,159],"performance":[19],"of":[20,32,42,148,156,161],"tasks":[21],"such":[22],"as":[23,120],"face":[24,27,44],"alignment":[25],"and":[26,51,72,101,134,168],"recognition.":[28],"To":[29],"best":[31],"our":[33],"knowledge,":[34],"there":[35],"does":[36],"not":[37],"exist":[38],"any":[39],"dataset":[40],"consisting":[41],"turbulence-degraded":[43],"along":[46],"with":[47],"their":[48],"annotated":[49],"landmarks":[50,71],"ground-truth":[52],"clean":[53,99],"images,":[54],"making":[55],"supervised":[56],"training":[57],"challenging.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60],"paper,":[61],"we":[62,112,129],"present":[63],"a":[64,98,121],"semisupervised":[65],"method":[66],"for":[67,164],"jointly":[68],"extracting":[69],"facial":[70],"restoring":[73],"degraded":[75],"by":[77,93],"exploiting":[78],"semantic":[80],"information":[81,103],"from":[82,97,104,115],"landmarks.":[84],"The":[85],"proposed":[86,150],"approach":[87],"learns":[88],"generate":[90],"AT":[91,105],"combining":[94],"content":[96],"image":[100,125],"in":[107],"an":[108,154],"unpaired":[109],"manner.":[110],"Next,":[111],"use":[113],"heatmaps":[114],"landmark":[117,162],"localization":[118,163],"network":[119],"prior":[122],"restoration":[126,171],"module.":[127],"Subsequently,":[128],"impose":[130],"heatmap":[131,135],"consistency":[132],"loss":[133,137],"confidence":[136],"regularize":[139],"restored":[141],"images.":[142],"Extensive":[143],"experiments":[144],"demonstrate":[145],"effectiveness":[147],"network,":[151],"achieves":[153],"NME":[155],"2.797":[157],"on":[158],"task":[160],"strong":[165],"turbulent":[166],"yields":[169],"improved":[170],"results":[172],"compared":[173],"state-of-the-art":[175],"methods.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}