{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046359959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2020.3013418","title":"Multimodal MR Image Synthesis Using Gradient Prior and Adversarial Learning","display_name":"Multimodal MR Image Synthesis Using Gradient Prior and Adversarial Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046359959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2020.3013418","mag":"3046359959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2020.3013418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2020.3013418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409053","display_name":"Xiaoming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3467-5607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Real-Time Industrial System, Wuhan, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3467-5607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Real-Time Industrial System, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110596620","display_name":"Aihui Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aihui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Real-Time Industrial System, Wuhan, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Real-Time Industrial System, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089675652","display_name":"Xiangkai Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4313-0014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangkai Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Real-Time Industrial System, Wuhan, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Real-Time Industrial System, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088316353","display_name":"Zhifang Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3683-6657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27781120","display_name":"Wenzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rd5t069","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27781120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801769982","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cyvdv85","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801769982"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China","Information Technology Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27781120","https://openalex.org/I2801769982"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27781120"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000177737","display_name":"Jinshan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-8534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinshan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-8534","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4083,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95710264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"6","first_page":"1176","last_page":"1188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8080124855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8078956007957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.6388126015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5939922332763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5894131064414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.582564115524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuse","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","score":0.5779666900634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.561094343662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.5460893511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5130709409713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4947304427623749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4455389678478241}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8080124855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8078956007957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.6388126015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5939922332763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5894131064414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.582564115524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141353440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182221","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","level":2,"score":0.5779666900634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.561094343662262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.5460893511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5130709409713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4947304427623749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4455389678478241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2020.3013418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2020.3013418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p-3767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/2777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1210083006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LY16F030010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4250105374","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018ZG016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324224","funder_display_name":"Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6157207813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61403287","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7384739227","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8eDNA\u5206\u5b50\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u6280\u672f\u7684DNA\u6838\u9178\u7f16\u7801\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61472293","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8537566754","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u9886\u57df\u9002\u5e94\u6d41\u5f62\u5ea6\u91cf\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65e0\u7ea6\u675f\u4eba\u8138\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61572381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324224","display_name":"Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/02fr0s482"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89893565","https://openalex.org/W1605218991","https://openalex.org/W1641498739","https://openalex.org/W1794421049","https://openalex.org/W1884191083","https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1983060851","https://openalex.org/W2076608722","https://openalex.org/W2087512379","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2176473160","https://openalex.org/W2385563966","https://openalex.org/W2461164258","https://openalex.org/W2484736472","https://openalex.org/W2517395172","https://openalex.org/W2521028896","https://openalex.org/W2563705555","https://openalex.org/W2610961739","https://openalex.org/W2612585477","https://openalex.org/W2761299546","https://openalex.org/W2767044624","https://openalex.org/W2789713147","https://openalex.org/W2804383999","https://openalex.org/W2806118840","https://openalex.org/W2809410879","https://openalex.org/W2883235649","https://openalex.org/W2888358068","https://openalex.org/W2896359486","https://openalex.org/W2903356598","https://openalex.org/W2905660188","https://openalex.org/W2914057844","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2952107529","https://openalex.org/W2953384591","https://openalex.org/W2962716568","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963105382","https://openalex.org/W2963125871","https://openalex.org/W2963176524","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2991431879","https://openalex.org/W3007486523","https://openalex.org/W3024045805","https://openalex.org/W3101639073","https://openalex.org/W3103943044","https://openalex.org/W4297772798","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6691096134","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6727501944","https://openalex.org/W6770626362","https://openalex.org/W6785643234"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293320219","https://openalex.org/W2953246223","https://openalex.org/W4283584549","https://openalex.org/W2554314924","https://openalex.org/W4288256692","https://openalex.org/W2998859928","https://openalex.org/W2366944513","https://openalex.org/W4381885966","https://openalex.org/W2969399009","https://openalex.org/W4398186750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,77,105,202],"magnetic":[1],"resonance":[2],"imaging":[3,12,44],"(MRI),":[4],"several":[5,164],"images":[6,21,41,68,111,158,167,174],"can":[7,226],"be":[8,48],"obtained":[9,112,175],"using":[10],"different":[11,29,109,114,156],"settings":[13,45,71,115],"(e.g.":[14],"T1,":[15],"T2,":[16],"DWI,":[17],"and":[18,124,242],"Flair).":[19],"These":[20],"have":[22,178],"similar":[23],"anatomical":[24],"structures":[25],"but":[26],"are":[27,116,159],"with":[28,69,176],"contrasts,":[30],"which":[31,138],"provide":[32],"a":[33,82,101,122,135,143],"wealth":[34],"of":[35,54,121,199],"information":[36,185,193,208],"for":[37],"diagnosis.":[38],"However,":[39],"the":[40,52,73,106,119,172,187,203,206,213,219,234,248],"under":[42,168],"specific":[43,169],"may":[46],"not":[47],"available":[49,74],"due":[50],"to":[51,65,141,162,189,253],"limitation":[53],"scanning":[55],"time":[56],"or":[57,221],"corruption":[58],"caused":[59],"by":[60,113,129],"noises.":[61],"It":[62],"is":[63,93,127,139,209,251],"attractive":[64],"derive":[66],"missing":[67],"some":[70],"from":[72,147,155],"MR":[75,86,110],"images.":[76,201,231],"this":[78],"paper,":[79],"we":[80,181,225],"propose":[81],"novel":[83],"end-to-end":[84],"multisetting":[85],"image":[87,126],"synthesis":[88],"method.":[89],"The":[90,151],"proposed":[91,107,204,235,249],"method":[92,236],"based":[94],"on":[95,237],"generative":[96],"adversarial":[97,214],"networks":[98],"(GANs)":[99],"-":[100],"deep":[102],"learning":[103,215],"model.":[104],"method,":[108],"used":[117,140],"as":[118,195],"inputs":[120],"GANs":[123,177],"each":[125],"encoded":[128],"an":[130,148],"encoder.":[131],"Each":[132],"encoder":[133],"includes":[134],"refinement":[136],"structure":[137],"extract":[142],"multiscale":[144,152,207],"feature":[145,153],"map":[146],"input":[149,157],"image.":[150],"maps":[154],"then":[160],"fused":[161],"generate":[163],"desired":[165],"target":[166],"settings.":[170],"Because":[171],"resultant":[173],"blurred":[179],"edges,":[180],"fuse":[182],"gradient":[183],"prior":[184],"in":[186,212,218],"model":[188],"protect":[190],"high":[191,228],"frequency":[192],"such":[194],"important":[196],"tissue":[197],"textures":[198],"medical":[200],"model,":[205],"also":[210],"adopted":[211],"(not":[216],"just":[217],"generator":[220],"discriminator)":[222],"so":[223],"that":[224,247],"produce":[227],"quality":[229],"synthesized":[230],"We":[232],"evaluated":[233],"two":[238],"public":[239],"datasets:":[240],"BRATS":[241],"ISLES.":[243],"Experimental":[244],"results":[245],"demonstrate":[246],"approach":[250],"superior":[252],"current":[254],"state-of-the-art":[255],"methods.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
