{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2981308586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2019.2921527","title":"Differential Optical Spatial Modulation Over Atmospheric Turbulence","display_name":"Differential Optical Spatial Modulation Over Atmospheric Turbulence","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2981308586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2019.2921527","mag":"2981308586"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2019.2921527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2019.2921527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012637628","display_name":"Anshul Jaiswal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-2419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189109744","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad","ror":"https://ror.org/013v3cc28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anshul Jaiswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-2419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189109744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035838103","display_name":"Manav R. Bhatnagar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-594X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manav R. Bhatnagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-594X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066705299","display_name":"Prashant Soni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashant Soni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061835224","display_name":"Virander Kumar Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-6583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Virander Kumar Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0898,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78599268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"1417","last_page":"1432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.6407245397567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6191351413726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6087428331375122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.5722578167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5350426435470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.48451608419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","score":0.4550441801548004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.43518829345703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-function","display_name":"Exponential function","score":0.42446208000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3386284112930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30702415108680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30392444133758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17993831634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.08096784353256226}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.6407245397567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6191351413726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6087428331375122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.5722578167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5350426435470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.48451608419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.4550441801548004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.43518829345703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151376022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168698","display_name":"Exponential function","level":2,"score":0.42446208000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3386284112930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30702415108680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30392444133758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17993831634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.08096784353256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstsp.2019.2921527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2019.2921527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42167783","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1932-4553","issn":["1932-4553","1941-0484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325255","display_name":"Ministry of Electronics and Information technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326716","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Republic of the Philippines","ror":"https://ror.org/05tgxx705"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493602048","https://openalex.org/W1503835506","https://openalex.org/W1509988829","https://openalex.org/W1556551509","https://openalex.org/W1556909464","https://openalex.org/W1966393174","https://openalex.org/W1968206259","https://openalex.org/W1972200331","https://openalex.org/W2010079396","https://openalex.org/W2020144024","https://openalex.org/W2023023356","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2056208340","https://openalex.org/W2062785569","https://openalex.org/W2067605736","https://openalex.org/W2076157696","https://openalex.org/W2112151019","https://openalex.org/W2115782486","https://openalex.org/W2124341906","https://openalex.org/W2126423562","https://openalex.org/W2130198719","https://openalex.org/W2131994182","https://openalex.org/W2149329661","https://openalex.org/W2152692275","https://openalex.org/W2155283527","https://openalex.org/W2157506678","https://openalex.org/W2292236360","https://openalex.org/W2334570067","https://openalex.org/W2521431951","https://openalex.org/W2521917377","https://openalex.org/W2560434081","https://openalex.org/W2568106302","https://openalex.org/W2582220099","https://openalex.org/W2582325123","https://openalex.org/W2601073334","https://openalex.org/W2621554139","https://openalex.org/W2730293471","https://openalex.org/W2740538733","https://openalex.org/W2782509734","https://openalex.org/W2791532124","https://openalex.org/W2884207736","https://openalex.org/W2942109006","https://openalex.org/W2963170755","https://openalex.org/W3098625260","https://openalex.org/W3167580315","https://openalex.org/W4210635432","https://openalex.org/W6642167830"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066988213","https://openalex.org/W4205972039","https://openalex.org/W2913058682","https://openalex.org/W3174363756","https://openalex.org/W1998143515","https://openalex.org/W3046169114","https://openalex.org/W2110387803","https://openalex.org/W1969053950","https://openalex.org/W2782551494","https://openalex.org/W3038168466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"spatial":[1,15],"modulation":[2,95],"(OSM)":[3],"is":[4,12,24,35,82,96,119,123],"a":[5,45,52,74,136],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[6],"technique":[7],"wherein":[8],"the":[9,25,56,60,70,84,90,126,130,140,157,160,173,176,183],"overall":[10],"information":[11,30],"transferred":[13],"through":[14],"and":[16,101,107,179],"signal":[17],"domains":[18],"simultaneously.":[19],"A":[20,105],"problem":[21],"in":[22,48,55,66,139],"OSM":[23,61,80,164],"necessity":[26],"for":[27,89],"channel":[28,39,103],"state":[29],"at":[31],"receiver":[32],"(CSIR)":[33],"that":[34,128],"obtained":[36],"by":[37],"complex":[38],"estimation":[40],"procedure.":[41],"Apart":[42],"from":[43,125],"this,":[44],"small":[46,137],"error":[47,57,87,141,177],"CSIR":[49,133],"can":[50],"cause":[51],"significant":[53],"loss":[54],"performance":[58,142,178],"of":[59,72,110,132,143,182],"scheme.":[62,185],"In":[63],"this":[64],"paper,":[65],"order":[67],"to":[68,135,148],"avoid":[69],"requirement":[71,131],"CSIR,":[73],"new":[75],"scheme":[76,92,145,152,162,165],"named":[77],"as":[78,113,146],"differential":[79,114],"(DOSM)":[81],"proposed;":[83],"average":[85],"symbol":[86],"rate":[88],"DOSM":[91,144],"with":[93,153,166],"pulse-amplitude":[94],"assessed":[97],"under":[98],"negative":[99],"exponential":[100],"gamma-gamma":[102],"models.":[104],"special":[106],"simplified":[108],"version":[109],"DOSM,":[111],"called":[112],"optical":[115],"space":[116],"shift":[117],"keying":[118],"also":[120],"discussed.":[121],"It":[122],"noticed":[124],"analysis":[127],"bypassing":[129],"leads":[134],"degradation":[138],"compared":[147],"its":[149],"traditional":[150],"counterpart":[151],"perfect":[154],"CSIR.":[155,168],"On":[156],"other":[158],"hand,":[159],"proposed":[161,184],"outperforms":[163],"imperfect":[167],"Further":[169],"investigations":[170],"thoroughly":[171],"examine":[172],"interplay":[174],"between":[175],"spectral":[180],"efficiency":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}