{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416323845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","title":"Modeling High-Order Semantic Abstraction and Temporal Interaction for Remote Sensing Change Detection","display_name":"Modeling High-Order Semantic Abstraction and Temporal Interaction for Remote Sensing Change Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416323845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111284254","display_name":"Jingxing Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8190-6112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingxing Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8190-6112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shurui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7092-7274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shurui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, Hong Kong, SAR, China","Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7092-7274","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071808662","display_name":"Tianbo Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-6220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianbo Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-6220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101311536","display_name":"Zhen Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2962-6334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2962-6334","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111284254"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45198245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"368","last_page":"382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.5703999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4941999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.49309998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.4472000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8585000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5703999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4941999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.49309998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4472000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183365957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17140402","display_name":"Remote sensing application","level":3,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101814296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5439685","display_name":"Feature model","level":3,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147358964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200992","display_name":"Abstraction layer","level":3,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137981799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369184","display_name":"Reusability","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27511587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178623","display_name":"Spatial relation","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993807640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103709453","display_name":"Attention network","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3634406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125587726","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1977612120","https://openalex.org/W2028956118","https://openalex.org/W2049233123","https://openalex.org/W2063771995","https://openalex.org/W2065693747","https://openalex.org/W2078571032","https://openalex.org/W2085289201","https://openalex.org/W2106677999","https://openalex.org/W2167093797","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2412479940","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2800046794","https://openalex.org/W2885502514","https://openalex.org/W2891248708","https://openalex.org/W2908320224","https://openalex.org/W2990045899","https://openalex.org/W2997992233","https://openalex.org/W3014999631","https://openalex.org/W3027201985","https://openalex.org/W3027225766","https://openalex.org/W3034421924","https://openalex.org/W3037640242","https://openalex.org/W3048064159","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3180045188","https://openalex.org/W4226228401","https://openalex.org/W4226305459","https://openalex.org/W4283776488","https://openalex.org/W4285298122","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4292348075","https://openalex.org/W4312853765","https://openalex.org/W4321232185","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386076635","https://openalex.org/W4387188337","https://openalex.org/W4390480899","https://openalex.org/W4390873987","https://openalex.org/W4391305801","https://openalex.org/W4391559577","https://openalex.org/W4391953503","https://openalex.org/W4392386462","https://openalex.org/W4392909631","https://openalex.org/W4394595673","https://openalex.org/W4394896827","https://openalex.org/W4398206382","https://openalex.org/W4399416654","https://openalex.org/W4400188428","https://openalex.org/W4400188517","https://openalex.org/W4401387221","https://openalex.org/W4401692054","https://openalex.org/W4402716347","https://openalex.org/W4402753495","https://openalex.org/W4405438806","https://openalex.org/W4406089762","https://openalex.org/W4406611279","https://openalex.org/W4406857910","https://openalex.org/W4407765823","https://openalex.org/W4407937912","https://openalex.org/W4408122527","https://openalex.org/W4408352577","https://openalex.org/W4411255265"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1],"change":[2,210,219],"detection":[3],"(RSCD)":[4],"identifies":[5],"changes":[6,150],"by":[7,80],"comparing":[8],"images":[9,76],"of":[10,117,125,163,186],"the":[11,63,123,142,160,183,191],"same":[12],"area":[13],"over":[14],"time.":[15],"Although":[16],"deep":[17],"learning":[18],"mitigates":[19],"issues":[20],"like":[21],"seasonal":[22],"variation":[23],"and":[24,33,58,151,173,194,230],"pseudo-changes,":[25],"its":[26],"development":[27],"in":[28,74,168],"RSCD":[29,54],"remains":[30],"largely":[31],"heuristic":[32],"lacks":[34],"clear":[35],"architectural":[36],"guidance.":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39,156],"paper,":[40],"we":[41,88,158,189],"use":[42],"hidden":[43],"feature":[44,67,144,211],"visualization":[45],"to":[46,112,115,177,207],"highlight":[47],"two":[48],"essential":[49],"functionalities":[50],"that":[51],"an":[52,196],"effective":[53],"method":[55,97,200],"should":[56,69,146],"possess,":[57],"propose":[59,89],"targeted":[60],"solutions.":[61],"First,":[62],"Siamese-designed":[64],"single-temporal":[65],"hierarchical":[66,218],"extractor":[68],"accurately":[70],"distinguish":[71],"different":[72],"semantics":[73],"RS":[75],"without":[77,122],"being":[78],"constrained":[79],"a":[81,90,103,126,217],"fixed":[82,127],"receptive":[83,128],"field.":[84],"To":[85,155,181],"achieve":[86],"this,":[87],"high-order":[91,131,198],"abstracted":[92],"spatial":[93,110],"dynamic":[94],"graph":[95],"aggregation":[96],"for":[98,136],"semantic":[99,138],"enhancement,":[100],"starting":[101],"from":[102],"non-Euclidean":[104],"space.":[105],"This":[106],"approach":[107],"enables":[108],"each":[109],"unit":[111],"flexibly":[113],"attend":[114],"features":[116,132],"interest":[118],"at":[119],"arbitrary":[120],"locations":[121],"limitations":[124],"field,":[129],"while":[130],"improve":[133],"node":[134],"abstraction":[135,199],"better":[137],"knowledge":[139],"aggregation.":[140],"Second,":[141],"dual-temporal":[143,171],"interaction":[145],"effectively":[147],"exclude":[148],"pixel-level":[149],"avoid":[152],"pseudo-change":[153],"interference.":[154],"end,":[157],"revisit":[159],"distinct":[161],"contributions":[162],"<inline-formula":[164],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[165],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[166],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$QKV$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[167],"cross-attention":[169],"across":[170,238],"inputs":[172],"combine":[174],"matrix":[175],"subtraction":[176],"generate":[178],"change-sensitive":[179],"features.":[180],"mitigate":[182],"computational":[184],"cost":[185],"cascading":[187],"cross-attention,":[188],"leverage":[190],"convolution":[192],"theorem":[193],"design":[195],"efficient":[197],"based":[201],"on":[202,225,228,232],"frequency-domain":[203],"interaction,":[204],"allowing":[205],"us":[206],"obtain":[208],"higher-level":[209],"perception.":[212],"The":[213],"proposed":[214],"approach,":[215],"within":[216],"generation":[220],"framework,":[221],"achieves":[222],"57.23%":[223],"IoU":[224],"CLCD,":[226],"90.04%":[227],"GoogleBuilding,":[229],"81.22%":[231],"LEVCD,":[233],"outperforming":[234],"9":[235],"state-of-the-art":[236],"methods":[237],"all":[239],"benchmarks.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-11T00:21:10.989143","created_date":"2025-11-18T00:00:00"}