{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7092287745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","title":"Passive Radar Sounding for Firn Aquifer Monitoring","display_name":"Passive Radar Sounding for Firn Aquifer Monitoring","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7092287745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sean T. Peters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2527-8271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sean T. Peters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Angela Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Riley Culberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riley Culberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":1.204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8373678,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"27399","last_page":"27411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.010599999688565731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firn","display_name":"Firn","score":0.9905999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquifer","display_name":"Aquifer","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-sounding","display_name":"Depth sounding","score":0.7156000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-sheet","display_name":"Ice sheet","score":0.5105000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meltwater","display_name":"Meltwater","score":0.4081999957561493}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104730834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828861","display_name":"Firn","level":3,"score":0.9905999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75622301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791","display_name":"Aquifer","level":3,"score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7163000106811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55510283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1382947","display_name":"Depth sounding","level":2,"score":0.7156000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123750103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12599","display_name":"Ice sheet","level":2,"score":0.5105000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207318512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360925","display_name":"Meltwater","level":3,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779298566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163477","display_name":"Groenlandia","level":3,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.35920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780021526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1542432","display_name":"Greenland ice sheet","level":3,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205325660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258914","display_name":"Ice core","level":2,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81820708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540532","display_name":"Ice stream","level":4,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ddf5385e53b74d2d993474a7257c1ffe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ddf5385e53b74d2d993474a7257c1ffe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 27399-27411 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3622911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Firn":[0,123],"aquifers":[1,132],"may":[2],"play":[3],"an":[4],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,18,53,69,88,114],"the":[8,12,34,41,54,89,121,126,141,151],"mass":[9],"balance":[10],"of":[11,36,85,110,117,145,153],"Greenland":[13,127],"Ice":[14,128],"Sheet,":[15],"but":[16],"changes":[17,52,68],"their":[19,28],"water":[20,57,92],"storage":[21],"are":[22],"challenging":[23],"to":[24,27,47,50],"measure":[25],"due":[26],"spatiotemporal":[29],"variability.":[30],"Here,":[31],"we":[32],"explore":[33],"feasibility":[35],"passive":[37,82,98,147],"radar":[38,83,148],"sounding":[39,99],"using":[40],"Sun":[42],"as":[43,75,77,120],"a":[44,102],"radio":[45],"source":[46],"monitor":[48],"daily":[49],"seasonal":[51,108],"firn":[55,70,90,111,131],"aquifer":[56,91,112],"table":[58],"level.":[59],"Our":[60,94],"simulations":[61],"account":[62],"for":[63,106],"time-varying":[64],"environmental":[65],"factors":[66],"(e.g.":[67],"temperature,":[71],"structure,":[72],"and":[73,130,143],"saturation,":[74],"well":[76],"snow":[78],"accumulation)":[79],"that":[80,97,159],"impact":[81],"measurements":[84],"height":[86],"fluctuations":[87],"table.":[93],"results":[95],"suggest":[96],"could":[100],"be":[101],"novel":[103],"observational":[104,162],"tool":[105],"quasi-continuous,":[107],"monitoring":[109],"properties":[113],"polar":[115],"regions":[116],"interest,":[118],"such":[119],"Helheim":[122],"Aquifer":[124],"on":[125,133],"Sheet":[129],"Antarctic":[134],"ice":[135],"shelves.":[136],"We":[137],"conclude":[138],"by":[139],"discussing":[140],"opportunities":[142],"challenges":[144],"near-surface":[146],"sounding,":[149],"with":[150],"goal":[152],"enabling":[154],"low-resource,":[155],"low-cost":[156],"glaciological":[157],"sensors":[158],"complement":[160],"existing":[161],"tools.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-18T00:00:00"}