{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413395036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","title":"A Spectral Decomposition and Adaptive Precision-Driven Iterative Refinement Framework for Accelerated SAR Simulation of Targets in Terrain Environments","display_name":"A Spectral Decomposition and Adaptive Precision-Driven Iterative Refinement Framework for Accelerated SAR Simulation of Targets in Terrain Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413395036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085128560","display_name":"Danmeng Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danmeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6118-6774","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jinxing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-6281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinxing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-6281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031416893","display_name":"Zhiben Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151662","display_name":"Zhanjiang Experimental Station","ror":"https://ror.org/05rvyrg53","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107851509","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151662","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiben Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanjiang National Laboratory, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanjiang National Laboratory, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151662"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26496598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"22545","last_page":"22555"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.8007535934448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7251718044281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.6153016090393066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5878449082374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4592741131782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3200622797012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.258391410112381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1643911898136139}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.8007535934448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7251718044281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.6153016090393066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5878449082374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.4592741131782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3200622797012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.258391410112381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1643911898136139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0ca71ff381f14167a28d96cfb9c8643e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0ca71ff381f14167a28d96cfb9c8643e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 22545-22555 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3601384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3251846045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5869524761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B17035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033905444","https://openalex.org/W2072858605","https://openalex.org/W2073447484","https://openalex.org/W2126640662","https://openalex.org/W2141631790","https://openalex.org/W2565940550","https://openalex.org/W2590254299","https://openalex.org/W2789725333","https://openalex.org/W3168262362","https://openalex.org/W4292347859","https://openalex.org/W4295592597","https://openalex.org/W4385221087","https://openalex.org/W4386996757","https://openalex.org/W4392979626","https://openalex.org/W4393241013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399671601","https://openalex.org/W1992962589","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W3032871857","https://openalex.org/W1743191351","https://openalex.org/W3104633800","https://openalex.org/W2069184433","https://openalex.org/W3023567978","https://openalex.org/W3044778482","https://openalex.org/W4252699458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"Aperture":[1],"Radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"image":[4,133,139],"simulation":[5,46,63,121,128,156],"of":[6,64,100,116,132,141,154],"ground":[7,142],"targets":[8,65,144],"plays":[9],"a":[10,51,161],"pivotal":[11],"role":[12],"in":[13,40,66,73,178],"augmenting":[14],"training":[15,174],"dataset":[16],"diversity":[17],"for":[18,60,95,111,164,173],"deep":[19],"learning-driven":[20],"Automatic":[21],"Target":[22],"Recognition":[23],"(ATR)":[24],"systems":[25,177],"under":[26],"complex":[27,179],"scattering":[28,43],"scenarios.":[29],"To":[30],"address":[31],"the":[32,79,84,127,148,155],"trade-off":[33],"between":[34],"computational":[35],"efficiency":[36,129,150],"and":[37,54,83,151],"physical":[38],"accuracy":[39],"conventional":[41],"electromagnetic":[42,180],"model-based":[44],"SAR":[45,62,97,113,138,169],"methods,":[47,122],"this":[48,123,136],"paper":[49],"proposes":[50],"Spectral":[52],"Decomposition":[53],"adaptive":[55],"precision-driven":[56],"iterative":[57],"refinement":[58],"framework":[59],"accelerated":[61],"terrain":[67,101],"environments.":[68,181],"The":[69],"key":[70],"contributions":[71],"exist":[72],"two":[74],"aspects.":[75],"First,":[76],"based":[77],"on":[78],"spectral":[80],"decomposition":[81],"idea":[82],"small":[85],"slope":[86],"approximation":[87],"(SSA),":[88],"we":[89],"have":[90],"developed":[91],"an":[92,104],"efficient":[93,166],"method":[94,108,159],"generating":[96],"echo":[98,114],"signals":[99,115],"surfaces.":[102],"Second,":[103],"Adaptive":[105],"Precision-Driven":[106],"Iterative":[107],"is":[109],"proposed":[110],"simulating":[112],"targets.":[117],"Compared":[118],"to":[119],"original":[120],"approach":[124],"significantly":[125],"improved":[126],"without":[130],"loss":[131],"quality.":[134],"On":[135],"basis,":[137],"simulations":[140],"vehicle":[143],"were":[145],"conducted,":[146],"demonstrating":[147],"high":[149],"good":[152],"precision":[153],"method.":[157],"This":[158],"establishes":[160],"new":[162],"way":[163],"computationally":[165],"yet":[167],"reliable":[168],"simulation,":[170],"particularly":[171],"valuable":[172],"next-generation":[175],"ATR":[176]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}