{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413267680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","title":"ASFF-Det: Adaptive Space-Frequency Fusion Detector for Object Detection in SAR Images","display_name":"ASFF-Det: Adaptive Space-Frequency Fusion Detector for Object Detection in SAR Images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413267680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070235251","display_name":"Zuohui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-6676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zuohui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoinformatics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoinformatics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060090190","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2170-0618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology College of Software, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology College of Software, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100770626","display_name":"Wei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-9045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoinformatics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoinformatics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024934519","display_name":"Haiping Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-8879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiping Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cyberspace Security, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cyberspace Security, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100588888","display_name":"Liao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoinformatics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoinformatics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100343513","display_name":"Ke Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-1554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070235251"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10299654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"20708","last_page":"20724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6154013872146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5910171270370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.569273054599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5633357167243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5322919487953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.5031279921531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4779527187347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.38584327697753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3652479648590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3385707139968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2270784080028534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.07823440432548523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6154013872146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5910171270370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.569273054599762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5633357167243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5322919487953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.5031279921531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4779527187347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.38584327697753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3652479648590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3385707139968872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2270784080028534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.07823440432548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8325483fb20046389258c5cedd7b4d2e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8325483fb20046389258c5cedd7b4d2e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 20708-20724 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3593313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1602107991","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2031614119","https://openalex.org/W2079299474","https://openalex.org/W2122314989","https://openalex.org/W2127769464","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2142212280","https://openalex.org/W2308318555","https://openalex.org/W2478884216","https://openalex.org/W2610691757","https://openalex.org/W2774244034","https://openalex.org/W2799646862","https://openalex.org/W2808781521","https://openalex.org/W2891190453","https://openalex.org/W2904480641","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2982620340","https://openalex.org/W3009883650","https://openalex.org/W3012374325","https://openalex.org/W3034771037","https://openalex.org/W3038948729","https://openalex.org/W3047774871","https://openalex.org/W3049059167","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3099211682","https://openalex.org/W3101684954","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3136239039","https://openalex.org/W3157192212","https://openalex.org/W3167976421","https://openalex.org/W3200733355","https://openalex.org/W4231896027","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4302067267","https://openalex.org/W4304084055","https://openalex.org/W4312312588","https://openalex.org/W4313065862","https://openalex.org/W4313886592","https://openalex.org/W4321608165","https://openalex.org/W4322707254","https://openalex.org/W4362500629","https://openalex.org/W4363675798","https://openalex.org/W4366147537","https://openalex.org/W4379780991","https://openalex.org/W4384701905","https://openalex.org/W4390272360","https://openalex.org/W4391168975","https://openalex.org/W4391547512","https://openalex.org/W4394007658","https://openalex.org/W4394564089","https://openalex.org/W4399350770","https://openalex.org/W4400314904","https://openalex.org/W4401879614","https://openalex.org/W4401991137","https://openalex.org/W4402572555","https://openalex.org/W4402727805","https://openalex.org/W4402754006","https://openalex.org/W4402816946","https://openalex.org/W4403193080","https://openalex.org/W4404177154","https://openalex.org/W4404809282","https://openalex.org/W4405521178","https://openalex.org/W4407759488","https://openalex.org/W4409366020","https://openalex.org/W6947681574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366906938","https://openalex.org/W2349391998","https://openalex.org/W4205655149","https://openalex.org/W2000775715","https://openalex.org/W2074467390","https://openalex.org/W2795393339","https://openalex.org/W2626393719","https://openalex.org/W4390618967","https://openalex.org/W2174745845","https://openalex.org/W4252699458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"aperture":[1],"radar":[2],"(SAR)":[3],"is":[4,17,86],"essential":[5],"for":[6,50,89,111],"high-resolution":[7],"Earth":[8],"observation,":[9],"offering":[10],"all-weather":[11],"capabilities.":[12],"However,":[13],"SAR":[14,36,112],"target":[15,30,113,155],"detection":[16,91],"challenging":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20],"its":[21],"coherent":[22],"imaging":[23],"mechanism,":[24],"which":[25,105],"introduces":[26],"spatial-frequency":[27],"correlations":[28],"in":[29],"scattering":[31],"properties.":[32],"Unlike":[33],"optical":[34],"images,":[35],"images":[37],"lack":[38],"well-defined":[39],"edges":[40],"and":[41,66,83,92,108,160,169,178],"continuous":[42],"textures,":[43],"making":[44],"spatial":[45,82,107,125],"feature":[46,126,131,161],"extraction":[47],"alone":[48],"insufficient":[49],"robust":[51],"recognition.":[52],"The":[53],"frequency":[54,84,109,150,158],"domain":[55],"provides":[56],"complementary":[57],"structural":[58,144],"information,":[59],"where":[60],"low-frequency":[61,143],"components":[62,71],"capture":[63],"overall":[64],"shape":[65],"backscatter":[67],"characteristics,":[68],"while":[69],"high-frequency":[70,135],"highlight":[72],"fine":[73],"details":[74],"but":[75],"are":[76],"dominated":[77],"by":[78,157],"speckle":[79],"noise.":[80],"Balancing":[81],"features":[85,110],"thus":[87],"crucial":[88],"accurate":[90],"noise":[93],"suppression.":[94],"To":[95,133],"address":[96],"this,":[97],"we":[98],"propose":[99],"adaptive":[100,116,129],"space-frequency":[101,117],"fusion":[102,118,151],"detector":[103],"(ASFF-Det),":[104],"integrates":[106,121],"detection.":[114],"Our":[115],"convolution":[119],"module":[120,152],"frequency-domain":[122],"transformations":[123],"with":[124],"extraction,":[127],"enabling":[128],"multidomain":[130],"fusion.":[132],"mitigate":[134],"noise,":[136],"our":[137,148],"frequency-intensity":[138],"sorted":[139],"attention":[140],"mechanism":[141],"prioritizes":[142],"information.":[145],"In":[146],"addition,":[147],"high\u2013low":[149],"enhances":[153],"multiscale":[154],"recognition":[156],"decomposition":[159],"enhancement.":[162],"Extensive":[163],"experiments":[164],"on":[165],"the":[166],"SAR-AIRcraft-1.0,":[167],"HRSID,":[168],"SSDD":[170],"datasets":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"ASFF-Det\u2019s":[173],"superiority,":[174],"achieving":[175],"68.5%,":[176],"91.8%,":[177],"96.4%":[179],"mAP<inline-formula":[180],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[181],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[182],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$_{50}$</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[183],"respectively,":[184],"outperforming":[185],"state-of-the-art":[186],"methods.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
