{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412375046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","title":"Surface Deformation Monitoring and Prediction of Longtantian Open-Pit Mine Based on SBAS-InSAR and CNN-BiLSTM Techniques","display_name":"Surface Deformation Monitoring and Prediction of Longtantian Open-Pit Mine Based on SBAS-InSAR and CNN-BiLSTM Techniques","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412375046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115601790","display_name":"Xiaoxiao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxiao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340129","display_name":"Qi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-9745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-9745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mengshi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-3494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengshi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-3494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102372618","display_name":"Zhifang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3419-3859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3419-3859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064991839","display_name":"Yu Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0819-8245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qixue Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixue Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yunnan Institute of Geological Science, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yunnan Institute of Geological Science, Kunming, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101760821","display_name":"Yang He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-9293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dayu Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dayu Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101746903","display_name":"Ting Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5316-7213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":1.3123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7750227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"17706","last_page":"17727"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13772","display_name":"Geomechanics and Mining Engineering","score":0.9660000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13772","display_name":"Geomechanics and Mining Engineering","score":0.9660000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14392","display_name":"Geoscience and Mining Technology","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9373000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.808403491973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.6180785298347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-pit-mining","display_name":"Open-pit mining","score":0.5792637467384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5726763010025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation-monitoring","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","score":0.48307421803474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.439582884311676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.4130343198776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-engineering","display_name":"Mining engineering","score":0.41104114055633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.3072238564491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29150471091270447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.1878587007522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.156479150056839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12559926509857178}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.808403491973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.6180785298347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184977646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15104297","display_name":"Open-pit mining","level":2,"score":0.5792637467384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5726763010025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136428324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838414","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","level":3,"score":0.48307421803474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.439582884311676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.4130343198776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.41104114055633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.3072238564491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29150471091270447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.1878587007522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.156479150056839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12559926509857178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dc2dfea6f2484d1cadc5c3bed2426608","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dc2dfea6f2484d1cadc5c3bed2426608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 17706-17727 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3587241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197175609","https://openalex.org/W1793571368","https://openalex.org/W1967286338","https://openalex.org/W1990544734","https://openalex.org/W2008348094","https://openalex.org/W2016734079","https://openalex.org/W2039696431","https://openalex.org/W2074361123","https://openalex.org/W2082474489","https://openalex.org/W2137089646","https://openalex.org/W2138766682","https://openalex.org/W2140405352","https://openalex.org/W2152657318","https://openalex.org/W2155835550","https://openalex.org/W2160197181","https://openalex.org/W2263425304","https://openalex.org/W2309281025","https://openalex.org/W2382669191","https://openalex.org/W2412867562","https://openalex.org/W2478096729","https://openalex.org/W2518590379","https://openalex.org/W2592729315","https://openalex.org/W2619251816","https://openalex.org/W2737542366","https://openalex.org/W2767971572","https://openalex.org/W2806067492","https://openalex.org/W2806517020","https://openalex.org/W2948818770","https://openalex.org/W3003161840","https://openalex.org/W3019913914","https://openalex.org/W3035709993","https://openalex.org/W3109041464","https://openalex.org/W3119447817","https://openalex.org/W3124539583","https://openalex.org/W3140854437","https://openalex.org/W3188797779","https://openalex.org/W3190551209","https://openalex.org/W3194018251","https://openalex.org/W3199084516","https://openalex.org/W4205817231","https://openalex.org/W4210370436","https://openalex.org/W4229045613","https://openalex.org/W4280572346","https://openalex.org/W4283528491","https://openalex.org/W4285007984","https://openalex.org/W4285088976","https://openalex.org/W4291512213","https://openalex.org/W4293793656","https://openalex.org/W4296830418","https://openalex.org/W4303982196","https://openalex.org/W4306684443","https://openalex.org/W4307546549","https://openalex.org/W4309958319","https://openalex.org/W4311345510","https://openalex.org/W4313205238","https://openalex.org/W4316511189","https://openalex.org/W4362637285","https://openalex.org/W4380990022","https://openalex.org/W4382519890","https://openalex.org/W4383376253","https://openalex.org/W4385863799","https://openalex.org/W4389274643","https://openalex.org/W4389333602","https://openalex.org/W4392295578","https://openalex.org/W4400525837","https://openalex.org/W4401900283","https://openalex.org/W4402746175","https://openalex.org/W4403262237","https://openalex.org/W4403560281","https://openalex.org/W4404229581","https://openalex.org/W4404719277","https://openalex.org/W4404761326","https://openalex.org/W6770820070"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242918400","https://openalex.org/W4285613571","https://openalex.org/W3138360503","https://openalex.org/W4396241171","https://openalex.org/W4402731282","https://openalex.org/W4322099661","https://openalex.org/W2973112112","https://openalex.org/W4390277479","https://openalex.org/W2382105855","https://openalex.org/W3206958763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,141,178,197],"Longtantian":[1,255],"coal":[2,9,22],"mine":[3,10],"is":[4,14,206],"a":[5],"nationally":[6],"significant":[7,35],"large-scale":[8],"in":[11,207],"China":[12],"and":[13,27,43,75,124,129,144,155,162,237,252,258,263],"listed":[15],"as":[16],"one":[17],"of":[18,45,138,150,174,201,210,226,254,265],"the":[19,53,80,94,147,151,156,171,175,183,193,202,208,215,220,224,241],"Yunnan":[20],"Province\u2019s":[21],"mines":[23],"for":[24,249,261],"supply":[25],"assurance":[26],"capacity":[28],"increase,":[29],"but":[30],"extensive":[31],"mining":[32,176,267],"has":[33,186],"caused":[34],"surface":[36,46,64,172],"deformation,":[37],"posing":[38],"safety":[39],"hazards.":[40],"High-precision":[41],"monitoring":[42,262],"prediction":[44,112,189,198],"deformation":[47,65,100,130,136,164,173],"are":[48],"essential.":[49],"This":[50],"study":[51],"used":[52],"small":[54],"baseline":[55],"subset":[56],"interferometric":[57],"synthetic":[58],"aperture":[59],"radar":[60],"technique":[61],"to":[62,92,192,223],"extract":[63],"time-series":[66],"data":[67,247],"from":[68],"Sentinel-1A":[69],"images":[70],"between":[71],"4":[72],"January":[73,77],"2020":[74],"19":[76],"2024.":[78],"Considering":[79],"spatiotemporal":[81],"heterogeneity,":[82],"dynamic":[83],"time":[84],"warping":[85],"based":[86],"K-means":[87],"clustering":[88],"analysis":[89],"was":[90,114],"applied":[91],"divide":[93],"area":[95],"into":[96],"subspaces":[97],"with":[98,230],"similar":[99],"trends.":[101],"A":[102],"convolutional":[103],"neural":[104],"network":[105],"optimized":[106],"bidirectional":[107],"long":[108],"short-term":[109],"memory":[110],"(CNN-BiLSTM)":[111],"model":[113,205,218],"constructed":[115],"using":[116],"lithological":[117,159],"properties":[118],"(described":[119],"by":[120,235],"internal":[121],"friction":[122],"angle":[123],"cohesion),":[125],"fault":[126],"distance,":[127],"rainfall,":[128],"data.":[131],"Results":[132],"showed":[133],"an":[134,168],"annual":[135],"rate":[137],"\u201386.96\u201350.42":[139],"mm/year.":[140],"F2,":[142],"F3,":[143],"F4":[145],"faults,":[146],"third":[148],"section":[149],"Longtan":[152],"Formation":[153],"(P2l3)":[154],"Quaternary":[157],"(Q)":[158],"units,":[160],"rainfall":[161],"historical":[163],"have":[165],"all":[166],"had":[167],"impact":[169],"on":[170],"area.":[177],"experimental":[179],"results":[180,243],"show":[181],"that":[182],"CNN-BiLSTM":[184,217],"architecture":[185],"significantly":[187],"improved":[188,216],"accuracy":[190],"compared":[191],"basic":[194],"LSTM":[195,204],"model.":[196],"error":[199,221,232],"distribution":[200],"original":[203],"range":[209,222,225],"[\u2013196.55,":[211],"106.91]":[212],"mm,":[213,229],"while":[214],"reduces":[219],"[\u201358.22,":[227],"74.33]":[228],"extreme":[231],"values":[233],"reduced":[234],"70.40%":[236],"30.47%,":[238],"respectively.":[239],"Therefore,":[240],"research":[242],"can":[244],"provide":[245,259],"scientific":[246],"support":[248],"disaster":[250],"prevention":[251],"reduction":[253],"Coal":[256],"mine,":[257],"reference":[260],"forecasting":[264],"other":[266],"areas.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
