{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411446503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","title":"WRF-Based Wind Assimilated With SAR Measurements: With Application of Wave Simulation by WW3 During Tropical Cyclone","display_name":"WRF-Based Wind Assimilated With SAR Measurements: With Application of Wave Simulation by WW3 During Tropical Cyclone","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411446503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029423371","display_name":"Weizeng Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3693-6217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128742","display_name":"National Satellite Ocean Application Service","ror":"https://ror.org/038fwcw54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128742"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44675526","display_name":"Shanghai Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n40zv07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weizeng Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University and an assistant researcher at National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3693-6217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University and an assistant researcher at National Satellite Ocean Application Service, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128742","https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lingdong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44675526","display_name":"Shanghai Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n40zv07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingdong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102552970","display_name":"Yuyi Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44675526","display_name":"Shanghai Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/04n40zv07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuyi Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44675526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055175354","display_name":"Yashi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1809-4004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194716290","display_name":"China Academy of Space Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/025397a59","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194716290","https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yashi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194716290"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qingjun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5285-5738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194716290","display_name":"China Academy of Space Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/025397a59","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194716290","https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingjun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5285-5738","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194716290"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":3.8738,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92786959,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"15568","last_page":"15576"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11483","display_name":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.9164999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-cyclone","display_name":"Tropical cyclone","score":0.84490966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-research-and-forecasting-model","display_name":"Weather Research and Forecasting Model","score":0.7643457651138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6233338713645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.5548179149627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5448442101478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclone","display_name":"Cyclone (programming language)","score":0.46921196579933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.4350413382053375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3882662057876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.3255038261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2910267412662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16701745986938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.161370187997818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29141058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8092","display_name":"Tropical cyclone","level":2,"score":0.84490966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133204551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838305","display_name":"Weather Research and Forecasting Model","level":2,"score":0.7643457651138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6233338713645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.5548179149627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5448442101478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777864850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79598","display_name":"Cyclone (programming language)","level":3,"score":0.46921196579933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.4350413382053375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3882662057876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3255038261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2910267412662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16701745986938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.161370187997818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:27be3518c8594d7f838618526f042f5e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/27be3518c8594d7f838618526f042f5e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 15568-15576 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3581186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.41999998688697815},{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1858708398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23ZR1426900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8373900836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42376174","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191471513","https://openalex.org/W1848135947","https://openalex.org/W1971136029","https://openalex.org/W1973031729","https://openalex.org/W1974988171","https://openalex.org/W1975023187","https://openalex.org/W1975412888","https://openalex.org/W1976820005","https://openalex.org/W1980710144","https://openalex.org/W1985622140","https://openalex.org/W1991203239","https://openalex.org/W2028979275","https://openalex.org/W2031732096","https://openalex.org/W2037387275","https://openalex.org/W2043606653","https://openalex.org/W2046884990","https://openalex.org/W2050436756","https://openalex.org/W2056467024","https://openalex.org/W2056820639","https://openalex.org/W2060300493","https://openalex.org/W2070858509","https://openalex.org/W2077846631","https://openalex.org/W2096671520","https://openalex.org/W2100807107","https://openalex.org/W2103680334","https://openalex.org/W2111442420","https://openalex.org/W2119007429","https://openalex.org/W2139628290","https://openalex.org/W2162181979","https://openalex.org/W2168949884","https://openalex.org/W2393939113","https://openalex.org/W2476531129","https://openalex.org/W2521790580","https://openalex.org/W2604626072","https://openalex.org/W2617993041","https://openalex.org/W2746781231","https://openalex.org/W2783445976","https://openalex.org/W2787756897","https://openalex.org/W2805383893","https://openalex.org/W2888758950","https://openalex.org/W2896977152","https://openalex.org/W2905276979","https://openalex.org/W3002641829","https://openalex.org/W3087829754","https://openalex.org/W3139378193","https://openalex.org/W3200163068","https://openalex.org/W4291915109","https://openalex.org/W4385553755","https://openalex.org/W4386478482","https://openalex.org/W4387775004","https://openalex.org/W4388126654","https://openalex.org/W4391449719","https://openalex.org/W4391755615","https://openalex.org/W4399972945","https://openalex.org/W4399975077","https://openalex.org/W4399985996","https://openalex.org/W4401635366","https://openalex.org/W4402371749","https://openalex.org/W4410380766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3139996901","https://openalex.org/W2505654941","https://openalex.org/W4327737446","https://openalex.org/W2733927550","https://openalex.org/W4381687522","https://openalex.org/W2893778714","https://openalex.org/W4200592460","https://openalex.org/W1978360812","https://openalex.org/W2792000445","https://openalex.org/W2084929824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,152,201],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,63,95,102,106,164,170,175,188,194,199,204,225,236],"this":[3],"study":[4],"is":[5,32,178,206],"to":[6],"assimilate":[7],"wind":[8,31,107,220,227],"derived":[9,43],"from":[10,44,71,81,141],"synthetic":[11],"aperture":[12],"radar":[13],"(SAR)":[14],"image":[15],"with":[16,86,158,167,191,212],"Weather":[17,125],"Research":[18,59],"and":[19,27,47,98,120,129,145,172,196,232],"Forecasting":[20],"(WRF)":[21],"model":[22,83,231],"during":[23,51],"tropical":[24],"cyclone":[25],"(TC)":[26],"then":[28],"the":[29,57,64,69,72,130,139,181,210,223,234],"TC":[30,113,226],"implemented":[33],"for":[34,61,123],"wave":[35,114,133],"simulation":[36,228],"by":[37,56,115,183,229,240],"WAVEWATCH-III":[38],"(WW3)":[39],"model.":[40],"CyclObs":[41],"winds":[42],"Sentinel-1":[45],"(S-1)":[46],"RADARSAT-2":[48],"(R-2)":[49],"images":[50],"15":[52],"TCs":[53],"are":[54,77,84,109,136],"provided":[55],"French":[58],"Institute":[60],"Exploitation":[62],"Seas":[65],"(IFRMER),":[66],"in":[67,111,209],"which":[68,177],"observations":[70],"Stepped-Frequency":[73],"Microwave":[74],"Radiometer":[75],"(SFMR)":[76],"available.":[78],"Wind":[79],"speeds":[80],"WRF":[82,119,156,230],"compared":[85],"SFMR":[87],"measurements":[88,140],"yields":[89],"a":[90,99,162,168,173,186,192,197],"root":[91],"mean":[92],"squared-error":[93],"(RMSE)":[94],"3.48":[96],"m/s":[97],"correlation":[100],"(Cor)":[101],"0.89.":[103],"Two":[104],"kinds":[105],"fields":[108],"taken":[110],"hindcasting":[112],"WW3":[116],"model,":[117],"i.e.,":[118,185],"European":[121],"Centre":[122],"Medium-Range":[124],"Forecasts":[126],"reanalysis":[127],"(ERA-5)":[128],"WW3-simulated":[131],"significant":[132,202],"heights":[134],"(SWHs)":[135],"validated":[137],"against":[138],"Haiyang-2":[142],"(HY-2)":[143],"altimeters":[144],"National":[146],"Data":[147],"Buoy":[148],"Center":[149],"(NDBC)":[150],"buoys.":[151,214],"statistical":[153],"result":[154,182],"using":[155],"assimilation":[157],"HY-2":[159],"measurement":[160],"yielded":[161],"RMSE":[163,187],"0.78":[165],"m":[166,190],"Cor":[169,193],"0.91":[171],"bias":[174,198,205],"\u22120.36,":[176],"better":[179],"than":[180],"ERA-5,":[184],"0.82":[189,195],"\u22120.67.":[200],"deceasing":[203],"also":[207],"observed":[208],"comparisons":[211],"NDBC":[213],"Our":[215],"work":[216],"confirms":[217],"that":[218],"SAR-derived":[219],"can":[221],"improve":[222,233],"effectiveness":[224],"under-estimation":[235],"simulated":[237],"SWH":[238],"forced":[239],"ERA-5":[241],"wind.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
