{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410153248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","title":"Assessing Groundwater Level Change and Aquifer Parameters Across Los Angeles and Orange County Using InSAR Measurements and Machine Learning","display_name":"Assessing Groundwater Level Change and Aquifer Parameters Across Los Angeles and Orange County Using InSAR Measurements and Machine Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410153248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110750709","display_name":"Shuaiying Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-3099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuaiying Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-3099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101656253","display_name":"Guoxiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-1145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoxiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-1145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031624398","display_name":"Xiaowen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6532-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6532-9606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065714109","display_name":"Hongguo Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-724X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongguo Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-724X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108876092","display_name":"Yihang Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihang Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088011637","display_name":"Bo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-1124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124748","display_name":"Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0nsb22","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210124748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-1124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124748","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101772738","display_name":"Wenfei Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-8323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenfei Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-8323","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110750709"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.6825,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6722013,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"12559","last_page":"12571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11490","display_name":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11490","display_name":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9605000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7459554076194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquifer","display_name":"Aquifer","score":0.6883922815322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater","display_name":"Groundwater","score":0.6083679795265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.47177886962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orange","display_name":"Orange (colour)","score":0.4454697072505951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.37572774291038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.32131296396255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3147175908088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.31453415751457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.15810918807983398}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.7459554076194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75622301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791","display_name":"Aquifer","level":3,"score":0.6883922815322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.6083679795265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47177886962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83082669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39338","display_name":"Orange (colour)","level":2,"score":0.4454697072505951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.37572774291038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.32131296396255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3147175908088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.31453415751457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15810918807983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3ca6f9236a074b1f91f11cb65c641e04","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3ca6f9236a074b1f91f11cb65c641e04","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 12559-12571 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3567660","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4376414323","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42401535","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8439171865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42171355","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551697193","https://openalex.org/W1848714241","https://openalex.org/W1860528008","https://openalex.org/W1901334207","https://openalex.org/W1911067730","https://openalex.org/W1981130750","https://openalex.org/W1989806964","https://openalex.org/W1990716986","https://openalex.org/W2000982976","https://openalex.org/W2038566498","https://openalex.org/W2071074632","https://openalex.org/W2088202114","https://openalex.org/W2117902710","https://openalex.org/W2117934747","https://openalex.org/W2119132330","https://openalex.org/W2123649031","https://openalex.org/W2135354453","https://openalex.org/W2340497264","https://openalex.org/W2558378816","https://openalex.org/W2587882580","https://openalex.org/W2590380458","https://openalex.org/W2759174080","https://openalex.org/W2762114560","https://openalex.org/W2765472629","https://openalex.org/W2785029907","https://openalex.org/W2802062855","https://openalex.org/W2809377281","https://openalex.org/W2892096864","https://openalex.org/W2896829785","https://openalex.org/W2966793866","https://openalex.org/W2969940692","https://openalex.org/W2973797785","https://openalex.org/W2997822790","https://openalex.org/W3023777614","https://openalex.org/W3033607704","https://openalex.org/W3038469972","https://openalex.org/W3088444036","https://openalex.org/W3094122424","https://openalex.org/W3112615124","https://openalex.org/W3133591723","https://openalex.org/W3135523675","https://openalex.org/W3209734869","https://openalex.org/W4200033884","https://openalex.org/W4213087179","https://openalex.org/W4220659226","https://openalex.org/W4220727972","https://openalex.org/W4226074875","https://openalex.org/W4281841362","https://openalex.org/W4286214889","https://openalex.org/W4290673622","https://openalex.org/W4310080460","https://openalex.org/W4391027608"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W985732587","https://openalex.org/W2350422742","https://openalex.org/W2922239277","https://openalex.org/W2790032735","https://openalex.org/W1608852890","https://openalex.org/W2373310320","https://openalex.org/W2007103879","https://openalex.org/W2781934594","https://openalex.org/W3206958763","https://openalex.org/W2159160885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Combining":[0],"observation":[1,36],"well":[2],"data":[3,226],"and":[4,19,29,77,137,153,241],"Interferometric":[5],"Synthetic":[6],"Aperture":[7],"Radar":[8],"(InSAR)":[9],"deformation":[10,185],"has":[11],"shown":[12],"great":[13],"promise":[14],"in":[15,44,97,131,168,182,199,235,244],"groundwater":[16,27,72,91,117,163,236,245],"levels":[17,73,92,118],"monitoring":[18],"aquifer":[20,239],"parameters":[21],"estimation,":[22],"which":[23,128,180],"is":[24,129],"crucial":[25],"for":[26,186],"management":[28],"related":[30],"natural":[31],"hazards":[32],"anticipating.":[33],"However,":[34],"insufficient":[35],"wells":[37],"bring":[38],"a":[39,53,103],"drawback":[40],"of":[41,141,149,175,222],"this":[42],"means":[43],"obtaining":[45],"high":[46],"spatial":[47],"resolution":[48],"results.":[49],"Here,":[50],"we":[51,110,203],"employ":[52],"machine":[54],"learning":[55],"(ML)":[56],"approach,":[57],"the":[58,107,116,125,132,138,160,169,194,206,220],"Optimizable":[59],"Gaussian":[60],"Regression":[61],"Learner":[62],"(OGPR),":[63],"to":[64,69,83,212,231],"integrate":[65],"these":[66,200],"two":[67,201],"datasets":[68],"derive":[70],"pixel-scale":[71],"across":[74],"Los":[75],"Angeles":[76],"Orange":[78,142],"County":[79,143],"from":[80,94],"June":[81],"2015":[82],"November":[84],"2021.":[85],"The":[86],"results":[87,181],"are":[88,166],"validated":[89],"with":[90,146,171,227],"revealed":[93],"relative":[95],"changes":[96,165,234],"seismic":[98],"velocity":[99],"(dv/v)":[100],"measured":[101],"at":[102],"dense":[104],"network.":[105],"With":[106],"innovative":[108],"results,":[109],"found":[111],"an":[112,120],"interesting":[113],"phenomenon":[114],"that":[115,205],"show":[119],"overall":[121],"rising":[122,207],"trend":[123],"during":[124],"study":[126,218],"period,":[127],"prominent":[130],"San":[133],"Gabriel":[134],"Valley":[135],"(SGV)":[136],"Coastal":[139],"Plain":[140],"(CPOC)":[144],"basins":[145],"mean":[147,172],"rate":[148],"0.78":[150],"\u00b1":[151,155,177,188],"0.04":[152],"0.31":[154],"0.05":[156],"m/yr,":[157],"respectively.":[158],"Besides,":[159],"strongest":[161],"seasonal":[162,183],"level":[164],"observed":[167],"CPOC":[170],"annual":[173],"amplitude":[174],"0.97":[176],"0.16":[178],"mm,":[179],"ground":[184],"3.58":[187],"0.51":[189],"mm.":[190],"Moreover,":[191],"by":[192],"analyzing":[193],"long-term":[195],"hydraulic":[196,228],"head":[197,229],"records":[198],"basins,":[202],"identify":[204],"trends":[208],"should":[209],"be":[210],"attributed":[211],"\u223c":[213],"6.5-year":[214],"interannual":[215],"variations.":[216],"Our":[217],"underlines":[219],"importance":[221],"integrating":[223],"multitemporal":[224],"InSAR":[225],"measurements":[230],"accurately":[232],"quantify":[233],"levels,":[237],"determine":[238],"parameters,":[240],"assess":[242],"variations":[243],"storage.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
