{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408970834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","title":"Prompt-Based Granularity-Unified Representation Network for Remote Sensing Image-Text Matching","display_name":"Prompt-Based Granularity-Unified Representation Network for Remote Sensing Image-Text Matching","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408970834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Minhan Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3995-8821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minhan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3995-8821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081218237","display_name":"Ke\u2010Ke Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7019-6059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keke Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-7687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-7687","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":2.1179,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8666748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"10172","last_page":"10185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9790999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7761354446411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.7543864250183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6146808862686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.49890589714050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47482404112815857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.43662089109420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.41308704018592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3232033848762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08898389339447021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7761354446411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.7543864250183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6146808862686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.49890589714050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47482404112815857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43662089109420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.41308704018592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3232033848762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08898389339447021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:588a718bc9354c4ba5d04e6df998d2f9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/588a718bc9354c4ba5d04e6df998d2f9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 10172-10185 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3555639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2048009189","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2510520237","https://openalex.org/W2515866431","https://openalex.org/W2779054585","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2798405286","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2962964995","https://openalex.org/W2964120214","https://openalex.org/W2964979676","https://openalex.org/W2981448908","https://openalex.org/W2994818707","https://openalex.org/W3004137323","https://openalex.org/W3035588244","https://openalex.org/W3035682985","https://openalex.org/W3081684346","https://openalex.org/W3088154325","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3140792177","https://openalex.org/W3165084071","https://openalex.org/W3208803664","https://openalex.org/W4224911357","https://openalex.org/W4226172762","https://openalex.org/W4283721482","https://openalex.org/W4308743547","https://openalex.org/W4311002506","https://openalex.org/W4312219282","https://openalex.org/W4379795525","https://openalex.org/W4379806246","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386075677","https://openalex.org/W4386212341","https://openalex.org/W4386952228","https://openalex.org/W4388624611","https://openalex.org/W4388740367","https://openalex.org/W4389474309","https://openalex.org/W4392061609","https://openalex.org/W4395029188","https://openalex.org/W4401819987","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6640212811","https://openalex.org/W6747225742","https://openalex.org/W6749029207","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6780945792","https://openalex.org/W6844194202","https://openalex.org/W7057556061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2931688134","https://openalex.org/W2377919138","https://openalex.org/W2378857091","https://openalex.org/W103652678","https://openalex.org/W4226090359","https://openalex.org/W2059697060","https://openalex.org/W936373746","https://openalex.org/W2975817033","https://openalex.org/W4256502920","https://openalex.org/W4382701072"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Remote":[0],"sensing":[1],"(RS)":[2],"image\u2013text":[3],"matching":[4,17],"has":[5],"gained":[6],"significant":[7,28],"attention":[8],"for":[9],"its":[10],"promising":[11],"potential.":[12],"Despite":[13],"great":[14],"advancements,":[15],"accurately":[16],"RS":[18,35,167,189],"images":[19],"(RSIs)":[20],"and":[21,31,50,61,101,123,150,223],"captions":[22,97,168],"remains":[23],"challenging":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,42,46,116,180],"the":[27,73,91,107,118,134,152,163,182,221],"multimodal":[29,119,201],"gap":[30],"inherent":[32],"characteristics":[33],"of":[34,90,225],"data.":[36,178],"Many":[37],"approaches":[38],"use":[39],"complex":[40],"models":[41],"extract":[43],"global":[44],"features":[45,81,142,165],"handle":[47],"semantic":[48,74,120,175],"redundancy":[49],"varying":[51],"scales":[52],"in":[53,59,82,96,188],"RSIs,":[54],"but":[55,71],"losing":[56],"important":[57],"details":[58],"RSIs":[60,83],"captions.":[62],"While":[63],"some":[64],"methods":[65],"align":[66],"between":[67,77],"fine-grained":[68,78,141],"local":[69],"features,":[70],"overlooking":[72],"granularity":[75,121],"differences":[76],"features.":[79],"Fine-grained":[80],"typically":[84,171],"capture":[85],"only":[86],"a":[87,205],"small":[88],"fraction":[89],"overall":[92],"semantics,":[93],"whereas":[94],"those":[95],"convey":[98],"more":[99,173],"comprehensive":[100,125,200],"abstract":[102],"semantics.":[103],"Therefore,":[104],"we":[105,191],"propose":[106],"prompt-based":[108,135],"granularity-unified":[109,145],"representation":[110],"network,":[111],"an":[112,193],"end-to-end":[113],"framework":[114],"designed":[115],"mitigate":[117],"difference":[122],"achieve":[124],"alignment.":[126],"Our":[127],"approach":[128],"includes":[129],"two":[130],"key":[131],"modules:":[132],"1)":[133],"feature":[136,202],"aggregator,":[137],"which":[138,156,219],"dynamically":[139],"aggregates":[140],"into":[143],"several":[144],"tokens":[146],"with":[147,166],"fully":[148],"semantic,":[149],"2)":[151],"text-guided":[153],"vision":[154],"modulation,":[155],"further":[157],"enhances":[158],"visual":[159,164,177],"representations":[160],"by":[161,185],"modulating":[162],"as":[169],"language":[170],"contains":[172],"precise":[174],"than":[176],"Furthermore,":[179],"address":[181],"challenges":[183],"posed":[184],"high":[186],"similarity":[187],"datasets,":[190,215],"introduce":[192],"effective":[194],"hybrid":[195],"cross-modal":[196],"loss":[197],"that":[198],"facilitates":[199],"alignment":[203],"within":[204],"unified":[206],"structure.":[207],"We":[208],"conduct":[209],"extensive":[210],"experiments":[211],"on":[212],"three":[213],"benchmark":[214],"achieving":[216],"state-of-the-art":[217],"performance,":[218],"validates":[220],"effectiveness":[222],"superiority":[224],"our":[226],"method.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}