{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408125724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","title":"Image Inpainting and Digital Camouflage: Methods, Applications, and Perspectives for Remote Sensing","display_name":"Image Inpainting and Digital Camouflage: Methods, Applications, and Perspectives for Remote Sensing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408125724","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071605269","display_name":"Kinga Karwowska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-5292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800249161","display_name":"Military University of Technology in Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kinga Karwowska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-5292","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074343635","display_name":"Damian Wierzbicki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-3894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800249161","display_name":"Military University of Technology in Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damian Wierzbicki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-3894","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085148992","display_name":"Micha\u0142 K\u0119dzierski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-3717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800249161","display_name":"Military University of Technology in Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Kedzierski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":5.2937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95404406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"8215","last_page":"8247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camouflage","display_name":"Camouflage","score":0.8500094413757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inpainting","display_name":"Inpainting","score":0.8009565472602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6890226602554321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5785051584243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5132184028625488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4747132360935211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image","display_name":"Digital image","score":0.4595209062099457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-photography","display_name":"Computational photography","score":0.4178847372531891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3861314356327057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.32037076354026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.31735312938690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2203625738620758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776196576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196113","display_name":"Camouflage","level":2,"score":0.8500094413757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11727466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628157","display_name":"Inpainting","level":3,"score":0.8009565472602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6890226602554321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5785051584243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5132184028625488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4747132360935211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42781572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250322","display_name":"Digital image","level":4,"score":0.4595209062099457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146044194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157334","display_name":"Computational photography","level":4,"score":0.4178847372531891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3861314356327057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.32037076354026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.31735312938690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2203625738620758}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e00bd19c0cb94d2282eb6fdd4a96b872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e00bd19c0cb94d2282eb6fdd4a96b872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 8215-8247 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3547917","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2309350945","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"531-000004-W400-22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337053","funder_display_name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323668","display_name":"Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337053","display_name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":185,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W418096420","https://openalex.org/W1562968274","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1932198206","https://openalex.org/W1958291604","https://openalex.org/W1967915692","https://openalex.org/W1971083448","https://openalex.org/W1973711324","https://openalex.org/W1974667793","https://openalex.org/W1975049209","https://openalex.org/W1978145340","https://openalex.org/W1982342881","https://openalex.org/W1986909036","https://openalex.org/W1998680950","https://openalex.org/W1999244633","https://openalex.org/W2000577009","https://openalex.org/W2012875423","https://openalex.org/W2017814585","https://openalex.org/W2029411311","https://openalex.org/W2034546021","https://openalex.org/W2045573972","https://openalex.org/W2055132753","https://openalex.org/W2072760721","https://openalex.org/W2079553983","https://openalex.org/W2099095787","https://openalex.org/W2100415658","https://openalex.org/W2103559027","https://openalex.org/W2105038642","https://openalex.org/W2105577622","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2110940063","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2140865211","https://openalex.org/W2141125852","https://openalex.org/W2145569126","https://openalex.org/W2162130632","https://openalex.org/W2165736859","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295936755","https://openalex.org/W2297358468","https://openalex.org/W2410716896","https://openalex.org/W2463631526","https://openalex.org/W2494091040","https://openalex.org/W2515866431","https://openalex.org/W2557414982","https://openalex.org/W2560741668","https://openalex.org/W2595976822","https://openalex.org/W2607215444","https://openalex.org/W2613645387","https://openalex.org/W2621042270","https://openalex.org/W2627074718","https://openalex.org/W2732026016","https://openalex.org/W2750543855","https://openalex.org/W2785924090","https://openalex.org/W2790888198","https://openalex.org/W2794533444","https://openalex.org/W2798365772","https://openalex.org/W2811199523","https://openalex.org/W2891145043","https://openalex.org/W2894886653","https://openalex.org/W2897613446","https://openalex.org/W2901294648","https://openalex.org/W2910488541","https://openalex.org/W2942004611","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963231084","https://openalex.org/W2963420272","https://openalex.org/W2963426457","https://openalex.org/W2963583038","https://openalex.org/W2972169167","https://openalex.org/W2982296207","https://openalex.org/W2982763192","https://openalex.org/W2985764327","https://openalex.org/W2989207674","https://openalex.org/W2989505547","https://openalex.org/W2991327923","https://openalex.org/W2992838650","https://openalex.org/W3011708679","https://openalex.org/W3034301684","https://openalex.org/W3034419329","https://openalex.org/W3035426499","https://openalex.org/W3035512475","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3038930935","https://openalex.org/W3043547428","https://openalex.org/W3046109728","https://openalex.org/W3092426727","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3101524110","https://openalex.org/W3106488531","https://openalex.org/W3106817660","https://openalex.org/W3118356434","https://openalex.org/W3119928376","https://openalex.org/W3139339959","https://openalex.org/W3144276858","https://openalex.org/W3144890709","https://openalex.org/W3152901247","https://openalex.org/W3157141280","https://openalex.org/W3158878203","https://openalex.org/W3168686693","https://openalex.org/W3174508664","https://openalex.org/W3180059462","https://openalex.org/W3180355996","https://openalex.org/W3199003182","https://openalex.org/W3202984956","https://openalex.org/W3208587333","https://openalex.org/W3210702487","https://openalex.org/W4224035244","https://openalex.org/W4225592316","https://openalex.org/W4231606319","https://openalex.org/W4280632287","https://openalex.org/W4295012191","https://openalex.org/W4296334467","https://openalex.org/W4296641113","https://openalex.org/W4301150772","https://openalex.org/W4311529520","https://openalex.org/W4312358791","https://openalex.org/W4312383858","https://openalex.org/W4312771828","https://openalex.org/W4313021454","https://openalex.org/W4313051036","https://openalex.org/W4313069043","https://openalex.org/W4318832382","https://openalex.org/W4319300030","https://openalex.org/W4323314716","https://openalex.org/W4378602371","https://openalex.org/W4380607268","https://openalex.org/W4387572923","https://openalex.org/W4387885618","https://openalex.org/W4390874337","https://openalex.org/W4400624510","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6640185926","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6682614849","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6685133223","https://openalex.org/W6685352114","https://openalex.org/W6685562342","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6741036071","https://openalex.org/W6745560452","https://openalex.org/W6748953158","https://openalex.org/W6752910514","https://openalex.org/W6753663901","https://openalex.org/W6755053353","https://openalex.org/W6755312952","https://openalex.org/W6755772070","https://openalex.org/W6757857098","https://openalex.org/W6765779288","https://openalex.org/W6767033213","https://openalex.org/W6777810084","https://openalex.org/W6782081477","https://openalex.org/W6783637136","https://openalex.org/W6787139017","https://openalex.org/W6787972765","https://openalex.org/W6788990321","https://openalex.org/W6791190667","https://openalex.org/W6791864141","https://openalex.org/W6793176079","https://openalex.org/W6796698253","https://openalex.org/W6801666068","https://openalex.org/W6801900985","https://openalex.org/W6810297905","https://openalex.org/W6847118160","https://openalex.org/W6847293244","https://openalex.org/W6849024548","https://openalex.org/W6849574363","https://openalex.org/W6849666819","https://openalex.org/W6853834019","https://openalex.org/W6855855546","https://openalex.org/W6856014832","https://openalex.org/W6856341853","https://openalex.org/W6857588802","https://openalex.org/W6859765280","https://openalex.org/W6872577240","https://openalex.org/W6873519621"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386128810","https://openalex.org/W2100834976","https://openalex.org/W2387316461","https://openalex.org/W2342365531","https://openalex.org/W2277143524","https://openalex.org/W2473531211","https://openalex.org/W2086917597","https://openalex.org/W2048053649","https://openalex.org/W3036827782","https://openalex.org/W1504972346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"inpainting":[1,105,211],"refers":[2],"to":[3,82,154],"the":[4,115,133,145,152,168,193,206],"process":[5],"of":[6,58,65,92,99,135,147,164,170,173,186,195,202,209],"restoring":[7],"missing":[8],"or":[9],"damaged":[10],"areas":[11],"in":[12,22,37,43,52,114,125,128,144],"an":[13],"image.":[14],"This":[15,60],"research":[16],"field":[17,146],"has":[18,120],"been":[19,121],"very":[20],"active":[21],"recent":[23,129],"years,":[24],"driven":[25],"by":[26],"various":[27,56,171],"applications":[28,93],"such":[29],"as":[30],"reconstructing":[31],"lost":[32],"fragments,":[33],"concealing":[34],"data":[35],"loss":[36],"corrupted":[38],"image":[39,44,48,66,85,89,100,104,210],"transmissions,":[40],"removing":[41],"objects":[42],"editing,":[45],"and":[46,73,87,106],"interpolating":[47],"content":[49],"for":[50,96,157,205],"reconstruction":[51],"image-based":[53],"rendering":[54],"from":[55],"fields":[57],"view.":[59],"article":[61,166],"presents":[62],"existing":[63],"methods":[64],"inpainting,":[67],"covering":[68],"classical":[69],"approaches,":[70],"CNN-based":[71],"methods,":[72,137],"GAN-based":[74],"methods.":[75,102],"In":[76],"addition,":[77],"it":[78],"explores":[79],"techniques":[80,142],"related":[81],"steganography,":[83],"adversarial":[84],"synthesis,":[86],"false":[88],"generation.":[90],"Examples":[91],"are":[94,109],"provided":[95],"each":[97],"category":[98],"modification":[101],"Although":[103],"digital":[107,174],"camouflage":[108],"not":[110],"yet":[111],"widely":[112],"studied":[113],"remote":[116,158],"sensing":[117,159],"community,":[118],"there":[119],"a":[122,183,200],"growing":[123],"interest":[124],"these":[126,136],"topics":[127],"years.":[130],"To":[131],"broaden":[132],"understanding":[134],"this":[138,165],"study":[139],"also":[140,181],"reviews":[141],"developed":[143],"computer":[148],"science,":[149],"which":[150],"have":[151],"potential":[153],"be":[155],"adapted":[156],"applications.":[160],"The":[161],"main":[162],"contribution":[163],"is":[167],"presentation":[169],"forms":[172],"masking,":[175],"extending":[176],"beyond":[177],"traditional":[178],"inpainting.":[179],"We":[180],"provide":[182],"curated":[184],"list":[185],"publicly":[187],"available":[188],"datasets":[189],"that":[190],"can":[191],"support":[192],"development":[194],"new":[196],"solutions,":[197],"along":[198],"with":[199],"selection":[201],"qualitative":[203],"metrics":[204],"robust":[207],"evaluation":[208],"algorithms.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
