{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406458555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","title":"Mitigation of Spatial Effects on an Area-Based Lidar Forest Inventory (2024)","display_name":"Mitigation of Spatial Effects on an Area-Based Lidar Forest Inventory (2024)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406458555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057914235","display_name":"Jacob L. Strunk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-4843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124557","display_name":"Pacific Northwest Research Station","ror":"https://ror.org/02s42ys89","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob L. Strunk","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Olympia, WA, USA","USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-4843","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Olympia, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051415885","display_name":"Diogo Nepomuceno Cosenza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-8002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155604","display_name":"Osan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04dqc4x73","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155604"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diogo N. Cosenza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Vi&#x00E7;osa, Vi&#x00E7;osa, Brazil","Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Vi&#x00E7;osa. Av. Purdue, Campus Universit&#x00E1;rio, Vi&#x00E7;osa, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8495-8002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Vi&#x00E7;osa, Vi&#x00E7;osa, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155604"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Vi&#x00E7;osa. Av. Purdue, Campus Universit&#x00E1;rio, Vi&#x00E7;osa, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051706329","display_name":"Francisco Mauro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7832-6268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108103353","display_name":"Universidad de Valladolid","ror":"https://ror.org/01fvbaw18","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108103353"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Mauro","raw_affiliation_strings":["iuFOR, EiFAB, Campus de Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7832-6268","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"iuFOR, EiFAB, Campus de Soria, Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108103353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018770694","display_name":"Hans\u2010Erik Andersen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124557","display_name":"Pacific Northwest Research Station","ror":"https://ror.org/02s42ys89","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans-Erik Andersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, University of Washington, P.O. Box 352100, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-9522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, University of Washington, P.O. Box 352100, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010984691","display_name":"Sytze de Bruin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6884-2832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913481162","display_name":"Wageningen University & Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04qw24q55","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sytze de Bruin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands","Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6884-2832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055002479","display_name":"J.T. Bryant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3853-058X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124557","display_name":"Pacific Northwest Research Station","ror":"https://ror.org/02s42ys89","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Bryant","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, Portland, OR, USA","USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124557"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057544053","display_name":"Petteri Packal\u00e9n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-0011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3017910207","display_name":"Natural Resources Institute Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/02hb7bm88","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207","https://openalex.org/I4210153464"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petteri Packalen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland","Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, FI, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-0011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Bioeconomy and Environment Unit, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, FI, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017910207"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":2.3327,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85686225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"5287","last_page":"5302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9790999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12091","display_name":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","score":0.97079998254776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7550591230392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6312753558158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-inventory","display_name":"Forest inventory","score":0.50358647108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4399174749851227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.34695279598236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-management","display_name":"Forest management","score":0.22128808498382568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17209914326667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agroforestry","display_name":"Agroforestry","score":0.1669568419456482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7550591230392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6312753558158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147103442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423188","display_name":"Forest inventory","level":3,"score":0.50358647108078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4399174749851227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34695279598236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28631016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372561","display_name":"Forest management","level":2,"score":0.22128808498382568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17209914326667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.1669568419456482}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/640711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/mitigation-of-spatial-effects-on-an-area-based-lidar-forest-inven","pdf_url":"https://edepot.wur.nl/685689","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201231","display_name":"Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling","issn_l":"2663-3027","issn":["2663-3027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1939-1404","raw_type":"Article/Letter to editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:09a6afda2ab949039f99fa4b036a08d7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/09a6afda2ab949039f99fa4b036a08d7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 5287-5302 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3528834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332478","display_name":"U.S. Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32057849","https://openalex.org/W1144368330","https://openalex.org/W1615474684","https://openalex.org/W1983935692","https://openalex.org/W1996037626","https://openalex.org/W2079951583","https://openalex.org/W2085520997","https://openalex.org/W2105048158","https://openalex.org/W2156572918","https://openalex.org/W2164850486","https://openalex.org/W2165432951","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2810813638","https://openalex.org/W2900907396","https://openalex.org/W2912747182","https://openalex.org/W2922165386","https://openalex.org/W3004135900","https://openalex.org/W3021325764","https://openalex.org/W3088507381","https://openalex.org/W3092206432","https://openalex.org/W3119526588","https://openalex.org/W3134572851","https://openalex.org/W3139317842","https://openalex.org/W3158692511","https://openalex.org/W4200050379","https://openalex.org/W4205337121","https://openalex.org/W4294549820","https://openalex.org/W4313558313","https://openalex.org/W4381491803","https://openalex.org/W6603135863","https://openalex.org/W6703808668"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2351984678","https://openalex.org/W2140032575","https://openalex.org/W2011860471","https://openalex.org/W2012196540","https://openalex.org/W3011451421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Different":[0],"sizes":[1,72],"and":[2,32,35,66,90,100,151,157,186,201,234],"shapes":[3],"of":[4,27,43,85,136,140,182,191,208,217,231,243,248],"field":[5,184],"plots":[6,89,185,218],"relative":[7],"to":[8,14,76,97,132,147,154,164,174,194,229],"raster":[9,91,187,221],"grid":[10,70,92,188,222],"cells":[11,223],"were":[12,111],"found":[13],"negatively":[15],"affect":[16],"lidar":[17,148],"augmented":[18],"forest":[19,149],"inventory.":[20],"This":[21,129],"issue":[22],"is":[23,173,227,251],"called":[24],"the":[25,83,123,133,144,177,255],"\u201cchange":[26],"spatial":[28,86,141,195,209,232],"support":[29,142,210,233],"problem":[30],"(COSP)\u201d":[31],"caused":[33],"biases":[34],"reduction":[36,103],"in":[37,54,104,143,236,254],"estimation":[38,105],"efficiency":[39],"(precision":[40],"per":[41],"number":[42],"plots).":[44],"For":[45],"a":[46,101,240],"\u223c14":[47],"000":[48],"km<sup":[49],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[50,127,180],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[51],"study":[52,130],"area":[53,178],"Oregon":[55],"State,":[56],"USA,":[57],"we":[58,213],"examined":[59],"three":[60],"different":[61],"plot":[62],"shapes,":[63],"both":[64],"fixed-radius":[65],"cluster":[67],"plots,":[68],"alongside":[69],"cell":[71],"ranging":[73],"from":[74,220],"5":[75],"70":[77],"m.":[78],"Effect":[79],"size":[80],"varied":[81],"with":[82,122],"magnitude":[84],"mismatch":[87],"between":[88],"cells.":[93,189],"There":[94],"was":[95],"up":[96],"15%":[98],"bias":[99],"98%":[102],"efficiency.":[106],"Fortunately,":[107],"no":[108],"negative":[109,159],"effects":[110],"observed":[112],"for":[113],"circle":[114],"(plots)":[115],"versus":[116],"square":[117],"(grid":[118],"cell)":[119],"shaped":[120],"regions":[121],"same":[124],"areas":[125],"(m<sup":[126,179],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>).":[128],"contributes":[131],"sparse":[134],"body":[135],"literature":[137],"around":[138],"change":[139,207,230],"area-based":[145],"approach":[146,163],"inventory":[150],"provides":[152],"methods":[153],"easily":[155],"avoid":[156,165],"mitigate":[158],"effects.":[160,211],"The":[161],"simplest":[162],"bias,":[166],"although":[167],"not":[168],"always":[169],"practical":[170],"or":[171],"feasible,":[172],"exactly":[175],"match":[176],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>)":[181],"circular":[183],"Use":[190],"metrics":[192],"robust":[193,228],"effects,":[196],"such":[197],"as":[198],"median":[199],"height":[200,202],"ratios,":[203],"can":[204],"also":[205,252],"reduce":[206],"Finally,":[212],"demonstrate":[214],"that":[215],"attribution":[216],"directly":[219],"(the":[224],"\u201craster-intersect\u201d":[225],"approach)":[226],"flexible":[235],"application,":[237],"but":[238],"sacrifices":[239],"small":[241],"amount":[242],"predictive":[244],"power":[245],"(a":[246],"glossary":[247],"technical":[249],"terminology":[250],"provided":[253],"appendix).":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
