{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405718084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","title":"An Initial Validation of the NASA TROPICS Pathfinder Microwave Radiometer Observations","display_name":"An Initial Validation of the NASA TROPICS Pathfinder Microwave Radiometer Observations","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405718084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084103314","display_name":"Amelia Gagnon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-3260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46020346","display_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/00a1rzv11","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46020346"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amelia Gagnon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-3260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46020346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115617991","display_name":"Samantha N. Hasler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samantha N. Hasler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4894-193X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033400312","display_name":"Juliana Chew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-1341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46020346","display_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/00a1rzv11","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46020346"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juliana Chew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-1341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46020346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067549983","display_name":"William J. Blackwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2884-7241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William J. Blackwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Space Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2884-7241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Space Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002571394","display_name":"R. Vincent Leslie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-5609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Vincent Leslie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Space Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-5609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Space Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070018941","display_name":"Michael DiLiberto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael DiLiberto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Space Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0743-1406","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Space Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113923056","display_name":"Kerri Cahoy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46020346","display_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/00a1rzv11","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46020346"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerri Cahoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-5124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46020346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":1.3201,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79372745,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"2512","last_page":"2525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9581000208854675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9545000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathfinder","display_name":"Pathfinder","score":0.918569803237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7000804543495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.6861382126808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-radiometer","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","score":0.6585718989372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropics","display_name":"Tropics","score":0.5827370882034302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-imaging","display_name":"Microwave imaging","score":0.5736081600189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5225055813789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.5048990845680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometry","display_name":"Radiometry","score":0.41550925374031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.41317999362945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26657575368881226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.23465833067893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1831461787223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16857686638832092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778940482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144753","display_name":"Pathfinder","level":2,"score":0.918569803237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7000804543495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.6861382126808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96960616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3814470","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","level":3,"score":0.6585718989372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50660011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42530","display_name":"Tropics","level":2,"score":0.5827370882034302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.5736081600189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5225055813789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5048990845680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87456703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247760","display_name":"Radiometry","level":2,"score":0.41550925374031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.41317999362945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26657575368881226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23465833067893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1831461787223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16857686638832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:43a0792d2061494a8d1ab63dab2e0aaf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/43a0792d2061494a8d1ab63dab2e0aaf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 2512-2525 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3518541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3982019494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8702-15-D-0001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8680449689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NNL16AA57I","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057341509","https://openalex.org/W2060172488","https://openalex.org/W2144025639","https://openalex.org/W2146013002","https://openalex.org/W2158630109","https://openalex.org/W2611772571","https://openalex.org/W2789301909","https://openalex.org/W2790832316","https://openalex.org/W2950743151","https://openalex.org/W2981922885","https://openalex.org/W3010481374","https://openalex.org/W3025949386","https://openalex.org/W3048881854","https://openalex.org/W3085447348","https://openalex.org/W3126940548","https://openalex.org/W3133245368","https://openalex.org/W3206426885","https://openalex.org/W3213895861","https://openalex.org/W4298122824","https://openalex.org/W4312285240","https://openalex.org/W4385780630","https://openalex.org/W4388430476","https://openalex.org/W6644746514","https://openalex.org/W6669068137","https://openalex.org/W6784840066","https://openalex.org/W6793939247","https://openalex.org/W6839231263","https://openalex.org/W6849374008","https://openalex.org/W6852853756","https://openalex.org/W6860363268","https://openalex.org/W6860420075","https://openalex.org/W6944993059","https://openalex.org/W7011789017"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586456699","https://openalex.org/W2381259876","https://openalex.org/W2016007472","https://openalex.org/W2360231461","https://openalex.org/W2013323393","https://openalex.org/W2413930784","https://openalex.org/W2140108161","https://openalex.org/W2005776842","https://openalex.org/W751870123","https://openalex.org/W2097128340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39],"NASA":[1],"Time-Resolved":[2],"Observations":[3],"of":[4,13,62,93,138,160],"Precipitation":[5],"structure":[6,61],"and":[7,59,89,140,194],"storm":[8],"Intensity":[9],"with":[10,46,120,178],"a":[11,21,25,43],"Constellation":[12],"Smallsats":[14],"(TROPICS)":[15],"Pathfinder":[16,40,72,114,191],"CubeSat":[17],"was":[18],"placed":[19],"into":[20],"sun-synchronous":[22],"orbit":[23],"by":[24],"SpaceX":[26],"Falcon":[27],"9":[28],"launch":[29],"vehicle":[30],"during":[31],"the":[32,56,70,97,126,161,167,179,195,205],"June":[33],"30,":[34],"2021":[35,119],"Transporter-2":[36],"rideshare":[37],"mission.":[38],"satellite":[41],"carries":[42],"microwave":[44],"radiometer":[45],"12":[47],"channels":[48],"(spanning":[49],"90\u2013205":[50],"GHz)":[51],"that":[52,130],"are":[53,131],"sensitive":[54],"to":[55,77,107,149,165],"precipitation,":[57],"humidity,":[58],"temperature":[60,123],"Earth's":[63,94],"atmosphere.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"work,":[67],"we":[68,111],"compare":[69,112],"TROPICS":[71,113],"calibrated":[73],"brightness":[74,122,181],"temperatures":[75],"(radiances)":[76],"collocated":[78],"European":[79],"Centre":[80],"for":[81,128,133,199],"Medium-Range":[82],"Weather":[83],"Forecast's":[84],"Reanalysis":[85],"v5":[86],"(ERA5)":[87],"data":[88,116],"radiative":[90,99,108],"transfer":[91,100,109],"simulations":[92],"atmosphere":[95],"using":[96],"community":[98],"model":[101],"(CRTM).":[102],"To":[103],"minimize":[104],"errors":[105,169],"due":[106],"uncertainties,":[110],"L1B":[115],"from":[117,125,143],"October":[118],"simulated":[121,180,197],"values":[124],"CRTM":[127,196],"observations":[129],"filtered":[132],"points":[134],"near-nadir,":[135],"over-ocean,":[136],"free":[137],"clouds,":[139],"within":[141,204],"latitudes":[142],"40<inline-formula":[144,150],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[145,151],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[146,152],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$^\\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[147,153],"N":[148],"S.":[154],"We":[155],"also":[156],"step":[157],"through":[158],"each":[159],"filtering":[162],"steps":[163],"individually,":[164],"reduce":[166],"modeling":[168],"in":[170],"our":[171],"comparison.":[172],"Our":[173],"results":[174],"indicate":[175],"excellent":[176],"agreement":[177],"temperatures,":[182],"attaining":[183],"less":[184],"than":[185],"1":[186,206],"K":[187,207],"mean":[188],"difference":[189],"between":[190],"observed":[192],"radiances":[193,198],"all":[200],"channels,":[201],"which":[202],"is":[203],"mission":[208],"requirement.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T07:54:00.901334","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}