{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404057042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","title":"A Multisource Data Approach for Change and Disturbance Mapping of Ontario's Clay Belt Toward More Accurate Carbon and Emissions Estimation","display_name":"A Multisource Data Approach for Change and Disturbance Mapping of Ontario's Clay Belt Toward More Accurate Carbon and Emissions Estimation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404057042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062127729","display_name":"Ima Ituen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-551X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ima Ituen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","Department of Earth &amp; Space Science &amp; Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-551X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth &amp; Space Science &amp; Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011464681","display_name":"Baoxin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1858-6922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoxin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","Department of Earth &amp; Space Science &amp; Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1858-6922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth &amp; Space Science &amp; Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.3295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54953285,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"38","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9532999992370605,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disturbance","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","score":0.749879002571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.60506272315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers","display_name":"Carbon fibers","score":0.4433746933937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4296151399612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.40621015429496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4055742621421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3321927785873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3270200490951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.21915271878242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16239586472511292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1070699393749237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1067260205745697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.0721304714679718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.749879002571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.60506272315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4433746933937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4296151399612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40621015429496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4055742621421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3321927785873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3270200490951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.21915271878242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16239586472511292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1070699393749237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1067260205745697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0721304714679718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7d327844c8ba4c31ad960abef1b67f86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7d327844c8ba4c31ad960abef1b67f86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 18, Pp 38-60 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3491804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319908","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/033w59g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507866720","https://openalex.org/W1965825034","https://openalex.org/W1968573840","https://openalex.org/W1979061792","https://openalex.org/W2031841848","https://openalex.org/W2041402753","https://openalex.org/W2055718260","https://openalex.org/W2064578974","https://openalex.org/W2071634982","https://openalex.org/W2103461728","https://openalex.org/W2117002000","https://openalex.org/W2118364838","https://openalex.org/W2140908571","https://openalex.org/W2165577558","https://openalex.org/W2188083314","https://openalex.org/W2203012373","https://openalex.org/W2256456552","https://openalex.org/W2304182594","https://openalex.org/W2547499105","https://openalex.org/W2565491762","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2735726299","https://openalex.org/W2791911512","https://openalex.org/W2885575998","https://openalex.org/W2896311823","https://openalex.org/W2916838572","https://openalex.org/W2920843349","https://openalex.org/W2922152173","https://openalex.org/W2923136550","https://openalex.org/W2938610884","https://openalex.org/W2943325261","https://openalex.org/W2961668970","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964927979","https://openalex.org/W2969945043","https://openalex.org/W2983485297","https://openalex.org/W2988324911","https://openalex.org/W2988597029","https://openalex.org/W3004839151","https://openalex.org/W3027225766","https://openalex.org/W3033043020","https://openalex.org/W3037891846","https://openalex.org/W3043213779","https://openalex.org/W3045755298","https://openalex.org/W3083169598","https://openalex.org/W3106378566","https://openalex.org/W3126691167","https://openalex.org/W3160220642","https://openalex.org/W3163587844","https://openalex.org/W3167864888","https://openalex.org/W3198343751","https://openalex.org/W3214533654","https://openalex.org/W3217586766","https://openalex.org/W4200059535","https://openalex.org/W4281643045","https://openalex.org/W4282926118","https://openalex.org/W4285238322","https://openalex.org/W4303832955","https://openalex.org/W4376492034","https://openalex.org/W4385151993","https://openalex.org/W4387331799","https://openalex.org/W4391454387","https://openalex.org/W4393906060","https://openalex.org/W4401616413","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6756293931","https://openalex.org/W6892345605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038604956","https://openalex.org/W2296560746","https://openalex.org/W2338222801","https://openalex.org/W2347583731","https://openalex.org/W2106602008","https://openalex.org/W2067832159","https://openalex.org/W2153353177","https://openalex.org/W3156121563","https://openalex.org/W2355389557","https://openalex.org/W4382279073"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,156],"article":[1],"is":[2,54,75],"the":[3,16,25,40,52,62,67,78,105,114,136,147],"first":[4],"of":[5,20,69,149,162,168,188],"a":[6,159],"two-part":[7],"study":[8,74,106,157],"on":[9,35,43,121],"disturbance-informed":[10],"land":[11,36,70,89,101,150,153],"use/land":[12],"cover":[13,71,90,102,151],"changes":[14,38,115],"in":[15,51,92,104,110],"Clay":[17],"Belt":[18],"region":[19,53],"Northern":[21,93],"Ontario,":[22],"Canada.":[23],"Despite":[24],"drive":[26],"to":[27,30,60,81,112,118,145],"convert":[28],"forests":[29],"agricultural":[31,98],"land,":[32],"detailed":[33],"information":[34,63],"use":[37,154],"and":[39,46,87,97,124,130,141,152,192],"resulting":[41],"impacts":[42],"soil":[44],"carbon":[45,190],"greenhouse":[47],"gas":[48],"(GHG)":[49],"emissions":[50],"lacking.":[55],"Therefore,":[56],"this":[57],"work":[58],"aims":[59],"address":[61],"gap":[64],"by":[65,77],"estimating":[66],"amount":[68],"changes.":[72,155],"The":[73],"driven":[76],"urgent":[79],"need":[80],"develop":[82],"suitable":[83],"methodologies":[84],"for":[85,95,177,183],"detecting":[86],"mapping":[88],"dynamics":[91],"Ontario":[94],"forest":[96],"lands.":[99],"Predominant":[100],"classes":[103],"area":[107],"are":[108,143],"mapped":[109],"order":[111],"quantify":[113],"from":[116,139],"2002":[117],"2022.":[119],"Drawing":[120],"nascent":[122],"technology":[123],"tools":[125],"such":[126],"as":[127],"machine":[128],"learning":[129],"Google":[131],"Earth":[132],"Engine's":[133],"cloud":[134,169],"computing,":[135],"satellite":[137],"images":[138],"Landsat":[140],"Sentinel":[142],"used":[144],"examine":[146],"trend":[148],"proposes":[158],"reliable":[160],"methodology":[161],"multisensor":[163],"fusion":[164],"with":[165],"data":[166],"free":[167],"contamination\u2014a":[170],"method":[171],"which":[172],"can":[173],"be":[174],"deployed":[175],"anywhere":[176],"large-scale":[178],"monitoring\u2014yielding":[179],"high":[180],"accuracy":[181],"results":[182],"regional":[184],"or":[185],"national":[186],"accounting":[187],"ecosystem":[189],"stocks":[191],"GHG":[193],"emissions.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2024-11-06T00:00:00"}
