{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402895004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","title":"Mapping of Utility-Scale Solar Panel Areas From 2000 to 2022 in China Using Google Earth Engine","display_name":"Mapping of Utility-Scale Solar Panel Areas From 2000 to 2022 in China Using Google Earth Engine","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402895004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032910246","display_name":"Xin Lyu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375531","display_name":"Xiaobing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2549-3211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007815397","display_name":"Haishuo Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0165-7771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haishuo Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001383583","display_name":"Junxu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-6653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Science and Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Science and Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064507237","display_name":"Dongliang Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1612-4513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongliang Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349436","display_name":"Chenhao Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenhao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044842493","display_name":"Kai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-200X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014706783","display_name":"Anru Lou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anru Lou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032910246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":6.9503,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97393269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"18083","last_page":"18095"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.8772000074386597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.8772000074386597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.599382758140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5810539722442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5265696048736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4918103516101837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth","display_name":"Earth (classical element)","score":0.47595450282096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.36956968903541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29803186655044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1329263150691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.11893799901008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.10491129755973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06826213002204895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.599382758140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5810539722442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5265696048736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4918103516101837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26148502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488752","display_name":"Earth (classical element)","level":2,"score":0.47595450282096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.36956968903541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29803186655044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1329263150691986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.11893799901008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.10491129755973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06826213002204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a53e429583074dd6a287a18d1d833c00","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a53e429583074dd6a287a18d1d833c00","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 17, Pp 18083-18095 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3468627","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966446776","https://openalex.org/W1967395374","https://openalex.org/W2037524467","https://openalex.org/W2044609898","https://openalex.org/W2063907334","https://openalex.org/W2101678239","https://openalex.org/W2110680845","https://openalex.org/W2202019762","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2902023747","https://openalex.org/W2941336074","https://openalex.org/W2954183191","https://openalex.org/W2959015097","https://openalex.org/W2999452933","https://openalex.org/W3005109275","https://openalex.org/W3013668613","https://openalex.org/W3014154233","https://openalex.org/W3016763754","https://openalex.org/W3020919851","https://openalex.org/W3023149825","https://openalex.org/W3042681740","https://openalex.org/W3047002106","https://openalex.org/W3107770789","https://openalex.org/W3116907562","https://openalex.org/W3171687068","https://openalex.org/W3188524028","https://openalex.org/W3195155596","https://openalex.org/W3195645637","https://openalex.org/W3198357840","https://openalex.org/W3205324781","https://openalex.org/W3207969003","https://openalex.org/W3208204550","https://openalex.org/W3208854778","https://openalex.org/W4210282154","https://openalex.org/W4213455927","https://openalex.org/W4220769658","https://openalex.org/W4221141776","https://openalex.org/W4281632229","https://openalex.org/W4285234744","https://openalex.org/W4290991642","https://openalex.org/W4292093001","https://openalex.org/W4308929873","https://openalex.org/W4313593255","https://openalex.org/W4317387646","https://openalex.org/W4322730798","https://openalex.org/W4328101718","https://openalex.org/W4362587234","https://openalex.org/W4365140554","https://openalex.org/W4366995839","https://openalex.org/W4376150913","https://openalex.org/W4378674125","https://openalex.org/W4383346178","https://openalex.org/W4384023527","https://openalex.org/W4386017161","https://openalex.org/W4386961699","https://openalex.org/W4388177792","https://openalex.org/W4388409842","https://openalex.org/W4388507541","https://openalex.org/W4390401680","https://openalex.org/W4391242957","https://openalex.org/W4396544621","https://openalex.org/W4396914271","https://openalex.org/W4399316270","https://openalex.org/W4399430040","https://openalex.org/W4400112009","https://openalex.org/W4400762160","https://openalex.org/W4401066816","https://openalex.org/W4401416817","https://openalex.org/W4401535514"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2478024444","https://openalex.org/W2350270224","https://openalex.org/W2354620178","https://openalex.org/W600967366","https://openalex.org/W3142718750","https://openalex.org/W2383989146","https://openalex.org/W2351486628","https://openalex.org/W2390481881","https://openalex.org/W2139939267","https://openalex.org/W1974511032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Solar":[0],"power":[1,44,53],"generation":[2],"is":[3,46],"an":[4],"effective":[5],"way":[6],"to":[7,48,112],"reduce":[8],"carbon":[9,57],"emissions":[10],"and":[11,34,55,88,96,99,119,151,181,192],"has":[12,24,122],"a":[13,79,170,186],"wide":[14],"range":[15],"of":[16,37,42,84,105,128,154,198],"applications":[17],"worldwide.":[18],"China's":[19,50],"newly":[20],"installed":[21],"photovoltaic":[22],"capacity":[23],"ranked":[25],"first":[26,102],"in":[27,30,86,108,116,156,195],"the":[28,38,71,101,114,126,129,139,148,159,177,196],"world":[29],"recent":[31],"years.":[32,162],"Timely":[33],"accurate":[35],"monitoring":[36],"spatiotemporal":[39,149],"distribution":[40,54,107],"characteristics":[41],"solar":[43,62],"plants":[45],"essential":[47],"optimize":[49],"renewable":[51],"energy":[52],"achieve":[56],"reduction":[58],"targets.":[59],"However,":[60],"long-term":[61],"panel":[63],"(SP)":[64],"datasets":[65,131,180],"are":[66],"still":[67],"lacking.":[68],"Based":[69],"on":[70],"Google":[72],"Earth":[73],"Engine":[74],"platform,":[75],"this":[76,143,145],"study":[77,146],"proposed":[78,164],"fine":[80],"extraction":[81],"method":[82,165],"framework":[83,166],"SPs":[85,155],"large":[87],"complex":[89],"geographical":[90],"environments":[91],"by":[92],"integrating":[93],"stratified":[94],"sampling":[95],"zonal":[97],"modeling":[98],"obtained":[100],"comprehensive":[103],"dataset":[104],"SP":[106,130,179],"China":[109,157],"covering":[110],"2000\u20132022":[111],"fill":[113],"gap":[115],"relevant":[117,174],"research":[118,140,194],"practice.":[120],"It":[121],"been":[123],"verified":[124],"that":[125],"F1-score":[127],"was":[132],"higher":[133],"than":[134],"0.87,":[135],"which":[136],"could":[137],"meet":[138],"needs.":[141],"On":[142],"basis,":[144],"revealed":[147],"variation":[150],"development":[152],"trends":[153],"over":[158],"past":[160],"20":[161],"The":[163],"can":[167,184],"serve":[168],"as":[169],"scientific":[171],"reference":[172],"for":[173,188],"research,":[175],"while":[176],"interpreted":[178],"analysis":[182],"results":[183],"provide":[185],"basis":[187],"regional":[189],"decision":[190],"making":[191],"related":[193],"context":[197],"future":[199],"climate":[200],"change.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}