{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399039462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","title":"Optimized Estimation of Azimuth Cutoff for Retrieval of Significant Wave Height and Wind Speed From Polarimetric Gaofen-3 SAR Wave Mode Data","display_name":"Optimized Estimation of Azimuth Cutoff for Retrieval of Significant Wave Height and Wind Speed From Polarimetric Gaofen-3 SAR Wave Mode Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399039462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10539250.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10539250.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055873152","display_name":"Zhichao Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5168-8543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5168-8543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053849835","display_name":"Qiushuang Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiushuang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3743","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072563820","display_name":"Chenqing Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-3615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenqing Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-3615","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101508918","display_name":"Junmin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-8245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junmin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-8245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036605090","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5052-6688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5052-6688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021168187","display_name":"Tianran Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-7676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162190","display_name":"China University of Petroleum, East China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gbn2817","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianran Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162190"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080832150","display_name":"Weifu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5618-9477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114556","display_name":"First Institute of Oceanography","ror":"https://ror.org/01y34t753","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weifu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5618-9477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114556","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":1.2606,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76876013,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"10938","last_page":"10955"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10647","display_name":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11483","display_name":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lambda","display_name":"Lambda","score":0.6197558641433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.5250601172447205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5128657817840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.5068305134773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.47238659858703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4683952331542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.42604780197143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3392038345336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.31555432081222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2603321671485901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.23018774390220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.22361338138580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.19637927412986755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778113609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10897","display_name":"Lambda","level":2,"score":0.6197558641433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.5250601172447205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5128657817840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5068305134773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.47238659858703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4683952331542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.42604780197143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3392038345336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.31555432081222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2603321671485901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.23018774390220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.22361338138580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.19637927412986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10539250.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6c5f7d7c32624bf69491b8a794b46068","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6c5f7d7c32624bf69491b8a794b46068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 17, Pp 10938-10955 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3405736","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10539250.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3746249810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61931025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8423856377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42206178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399039462.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W298052795","https://openalex.org/W385663865","https://openalex.org/W1967870903","https://openalex.org/W1977393251","https://openalex.org/W1979444755","https://openalex.org/W1982977276","https://openalex.org/W1985442420","https://openalex.org/W1992152892","https://openalex.org/W1996055691","https://openalex.org/W2001088569","https://openalex.org/W2002272033","https://openalex.org/W2037062718","https://openalex.org/W2043268455","https://openalex.org/W2044289164","https://openalex.org/W2056467024","https://openalex.org/W2060423551","https://openalex.org/W2065355895","https://openalex.org/W2065609640","https://openalex.org/W2076975293","https://openalex.org/W2077896161","https://openalex.org/W2085881691","https://openalex.org/W2093637980","https://openalex.org/W2096041557","https://openalex.org/W2103501618","https://openalex.org/W2119225191","https://openalex.org/W2120123475","https://openalex.org/W2143266849","https://openalex.org/W2166652137","https://openalex.org/W2207631737","https://openalex.org/W2521790580","https://openalex.org/W2564480282","https://openalex.org/W2616164023","https://openalex.org/W2737416704","https://openalex.org/W2746781231","https://openalex.org/W2790232940","https://openalex.org/W2807524331","https://openalex.org/W2888824939","https://openalex.org/W2905276979","https://openalex.org/W2909481090","https://openalex.org/W2914719971","https://openalex.org/W2922696836","https://openalex.org/W2940843787","https://openalex.org/W2949284170","https://openalex.org/W2951503817","https://openalex.org/W2966989506","https://openalex.org/W2983088728","https://openalex.org/W2986607448","https://openalex.org/W3000206326","https://openalex.org/W3042769353","https://openalex.org/W3043321134","https://openalex.org/W3119098367","https://openalex.org/W3125543082","https://openalex.org/W3164980081","https://openalex.org/W4220891279","https://openalex.org/W4226109015","https://openalex.org/W4294643335","https://openalex.org/W4303980692","https://openalex.org/W4308117598","https://openalex.org/W4312223617","https://openalex.org/W4312344340","https://openalex.org/W4361296760"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006474185","https://openalex.org/W2483195039","https://openalex.org/W2611761074","https://openalex.org/W2048211457","https://openalex.org/W2281797687","https://openalex.org/W2358411735","https://openalex.org/W2107024632","https://openalex.org/W2358598243","https://openalex.org/W2331534598","https://openalex.org/W2504004674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,152],"study":[1,45],"presents":[2],"an":[3,223],"innovative":[4],"approach":[5],"for":[6,51,59,228,234,254],"estimating":[7],"the":[8,26,64,83,90,155,238,244],"azimuth":[9],"cut-off":[10],"wavelength":[11],"(":[12],"<inline-formula":[13,65,97,113,159,215],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[14,66,98,114,160,216],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[15,67,99,115,161,217],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\lambda":[16,68,100,116,162,218],"_{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[17,69,101,117,163,219],")":[18],"using":[19],"a":[20,72,137,146],"multi-polarization":[21],"combination":[22,78,85],"technique":[23],"to":[24,53,107,197,213],"enhance":[25],"retrieval":[27,168,199,230,256],"of":[28,49,74,96,157,208,225],"significant":[29],"wave":[30,41,131],"height":[31],"(SWH)":[32],"and":[33,57,76,123,133,143,145,166,178,185,194,210,231,250],"wind":[34,129,259],"speed":[35],"(WS)":[36],"from":[37],"Gaofen-3":[38],"(GF-3)":[39],"SAR":[40],"mode":[42],"data.":[43],"The":[44,183,201],"identifies":[46],"distinct":[47],"advantages":[48],"co-polarization":[50],"low":[52],"moderate":[54,147],"sea":[55,61],"states":[56,62],"cross-polarization":[58],"high":[60],"in":[63],"estimation.":[70],"Consequently,":[71],"suite":[73],"dual":[75],"quad-polarization":[77],"methods":[79],"is":[80],"proposed,":[81],"with":[82,141,149,222,241],"VV+VH":[84],"demonstrating":[86],"superior":[87],"cost-efficiency,":[88],"reducing":[89],"Root":[91],"Mean":[92],"Square":[93],"Error":[94],"(RMSE)":[95],"estimation":[102,207],"by":[103],"around":[104],"20%":[105],"compared":[106,212],"VV":[108],"polarization.":[109],"Correlation":[110],"analysis":[111],"between":[112],"at":[118],"various":[119],"polarizations,":[120],"particularly":[121],"VV+VH,":[122],"factors":[124],"such":[125],"as":[126],"SWH,":[127],"WS,":[128,144],"direction,":[130,132],"incidence":[134,150,195],"angle,":[135],"indicates":[136],"strong":[138],"positive":[139],"relationship":[140,148],"SWH":[142,165,209,229],"angle.":[151],"insight":[153],"informs":[154],"development":[156],"three":[158],"-based":[164,220],"WS":[167,211,235,255],"models:":[169],"Single":[170],"Linear":[171,175],"Regression":[172,176,181],"(SLR),":[173],"Multiple":[174],"(MLR),":[177],"Gaussian":[179],"Process":[180],"(GPR).":[182],"MLR":[184],"GPR":[186,202,245],"models":[187,253],"integrate":[188],"Normalized":[189],"Radar":[190],"Cross":[191],"Section":[192],"(NRCS)":[193],"angle":[196],"improve":[198],"accuracy.":[200],"model":[203,246],"achieves":[204],"more":[205],"accurate":[206],"existing":[214],"algorithms,":[221,243],"RMSE":[224],"0.485":[226],"m":[227],"1.390":[232],"m/s":[233],"retrieval.":[236],"Despite":[237],"performance":[239],"gap":[240],"state-of-the-art":[242],"offers":[247],"exceptional":[248],"cost-effectiveness":[249],"surpasses":[251],"NRCS-based":[252],"without":[257],"requiring":[258],"direction":[260],"input.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
