{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396523257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","title":"Patch-Based Semantically Enhanced Network for IR Dim and Small Targets Background Suppression","display_name":"Patch-Based Semantically Enhanced Network for IR Dim and Small Targets Background Suppression","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396523257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10510587.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10510587.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114243914","display_name":"Yunfei Tong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunfei Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103116257","display_name":"Yue Leng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-3837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Leng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022550580","display_name":"Hai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-4337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-4337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100621319","display_name":"Zhe Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-2041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-2041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068016767","display_name":"Saisai Niu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802615301","display_name":"China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01z8tr155","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saisai Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","Research and Development Center of Infrared Detection Technology, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Center of Infrared Detection Technology, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110468806","display_name":"Huabao Long","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802615301","display_name":"China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01z8tr155","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huabao Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","Research and Development Center of Infrared Detection Technology, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development Center of Infrared Detection Technology, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114243914"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":4.0265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93477139,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"9615","last_page":"9627"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7898670434951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6074264645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.4928171932697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4702053666114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46075305342674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.43927139043807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-network","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","score":0.43503618240356445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3697888255119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35426726937294006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.26675814390182495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7898670434951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6074264645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.4928171932697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4702053666114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46075305342674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.43927139043807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988773926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104379","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","level":3,"score":0.43503618240356445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3697888255119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35426726937294006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.26675814390182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10510587.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:365383cdbfe24c2f887610bc3672394b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/365383cdbfe24c2f887610bc3672394b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 17, Pp 9615-9627 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3394953","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10510587.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396523257.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W1992873714","https://openalex.org/W2006851788","https://openalex.org/W2041560658","https://openalex.org/W2058333183","https://openalex.org/W2341998679","https://openalex.org/W2407220925","https://openalex.org/W2499656830","https://openalex.org/W2578504242","https://openalex.org/W2604768956","https://openalex.org/W2774646044","https://openalex.org/W2885719068","https://openalex.org/W2900678331","https://openalex.org/W2908218113","https://openalex.org/W2912919760","https://openalex.org/W2942839421","https://openalex.org/W2944699806","https://openalex.org/W2947066337","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W3000870854","https://openalex.org/W3010079414","https://openalex.org/W3011688396","https://openalex.org/W3021503072","https://openalex.org/W3118249006","https://openalex.org/W3118934234","https://openalex.org/W3145563919","https://openalex.org/W3156606420","https://openalex.org/W3165181705","https://openalex.org/W3171950886","https://openalex.org/W3183676354","https://openalex.org/W3208154594","https://openalex.org/W3211571144","https://openalex.org/W3216985839","https://openalex.org/W4226043641","https://openalex.org/W4285121177","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4295123323","https://openalex.org/W4403738039","https://openalex.org/W6750227808","https://openalex.org/W6802878479","https://openalex.org/W6803626902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W2018871932","https://openalex.org/W641279757","https://openalex.org/W370975646","https://openalex.org/W1670566515","https://openalex.org/W4283758926","https://openalex.org/W4391454837","https://openalex.org/W3047603829","https://openalex.org/W4295035300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"task":[1],"of":[2,52,101,154,168],"background":[3,47,69,89,102,181],"suppression":[4,70,182],"in":[5,71,183],"infrared":[6,22,72,126],"small-target":[7,23,73],"scenarios":[8],"aims":[9],"to":[10,85,95,117],"eliminate":[11],"irregular":[12],"noisy":[13],"backgrounds":[14,29],"while":[15],"preserving":[16],"targets":[17],"with":[18],"high-frequency":[19],"features.":[20],"In":[21,171],"scenes":[24],"at":[25],"long":[26],"distance,":[27],"the":[28,33,43,49,53,83,99,125,147,152,160],"become":[30],"complex":[31,184],"and":[32,45,48,113,131,156,164],"target":[34],"features":[35,51],"are":[36],"degraded,":[37],"highlighting":[38],"a":[39,61,78,136,166],"significant":[40],"disparity":[41],"between":[42],"detailed":[44],"realistic":[46],"limited":[50],"targets.":[54],"To":[55],"address":[56],"these":[57],"challenges,":[58],"we":[59,76,105,134],"propose":[60],"Patch-based":[62],"Semantically":[63],"Enhanced":[64],"GAN":[65,80],"named":[66],"PSEnet":[67],"for":[68,140,180],"scenarios.":[74],"Firstly,":[75],"introduce":[77],"patch-scale":[79],"that":[81,146],"allows":[82],"model":[84],"concentrate":[86],"on":[87],"local":[88,96,119],"suppression.":[90,103],"This":[91],"shift":[92],"from":[93],"global":[94],"perspective":[97],"simplifies":[98],"complexity":[100],"Secondly,":[104],"employ":[106],"PSE":[107],"module":[108],"consisting":[109],"multi-scale":[110],"dilated":[111],"convolution":[112],"adaptive":[114],"weight":[115],"fusion":[116],"extract":[118],"semantic":[120],"information.":[121],"Thirdly,":[122],"by":[123],"segmenting":[124],"image":[127],"into":[128],"smaller":[129],"patches":[130],"resampling":[132],"them,":[133],"create":[135],"more":[137],"balanced":[138],"dataset":[139],"adversarial":[141,178],"training.":[142],"Experimental":[143],"results":[144],"demonstrate":[145],"proposed":[148],"algorithm":[149],"significantly":[150],"improves":[151],"SNR":[153],"dim":[155],"small":[157],"targets,":[158],"reduces":[159],"missing":[161],"detection":[162],"rate,":[163],"achieves":[165],"precision":[167],"almost":[169],"91%.":[170],"conclusion,":[172],"this":[173],"approach":[174],"effectively":[175],"uses":[176],"generative":[177],"networks":[179],"environments.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
