{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390774243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","title":"BCNet: Background Conversion Network for SAR Data Generation","display_name":"BCNet: Background Conversion Network for SAR Data Generation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390774243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10384685.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10384685.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058930846","display_name":"Jiawei Luan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4258-4107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Luan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033797534","display_name":"Zhong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5093-9233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387292","display_name":"Bowen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-4916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022275919","display_name":"Jinshan Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-0449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinshan Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058930846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":13.8481,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98142222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"3211","last_page":"3225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8166465759277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7937043309211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7529175877571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6097292900085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-target-recognition","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","score":0.4969201385974884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4824405312538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4782078266143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.31870585680007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.25536835193634033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8166465759277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7937043309211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7529175877571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6097292900085449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117623542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621974","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","level":3,"score":0.4969201385974884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.4824405312538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4782078266143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.31870585680007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.25536835193634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10384685.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:88a8fff1b0db48949fb4fc66499c131d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/88a8fff1b0db48949fb4fc66499c131d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 17, Pp 3211-3225 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2024.3351206","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10384685.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3802930358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171358","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390774243.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390774243.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1880147242","https://openalex.org/W1974340448","https://openalex.org/W2010853190","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2286052686","https://openalex.org/W2475287302","https://openalex.org/W2593414223","https://openalex.org/W2762294195","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2891862730","https://openalex.org/W2931068004","https://openalex.org/W2944692824","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963920537","https://openalex.org/W2997085028","https://openalex.org/W3005128058","https://openalex.org/W3012162230","https://openalex.org/W3108297506","https://openalex.org/W3131740536","https://openalex.org/W3145211975","https://openalex.org/W3177410963","https://openalex.org/W3192544980","https://openalex.org/W3205196764","https://openalex.org/W3208926440","https://openalex.org/W4224273537","https://openalex.org/W4225286314","https://openalex.org/W4226220893","https://openalex.org/W4295521014","https://openalex.org/W4312381878","https://openalex.org/W4312767800","https://openalex.org/W4382066040","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6779669310"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3137365474","https://openalex.org/W2886347302","https://openalex.org/W2784759481","https://openalex.org/W1545594509","https://openalex.org/W3038591045","https://openalex.org/W2996630340","https://openalex.org/W1988723959","https://openalex.org/W2053024573","https://openalex.org/W2540450177","https://openalex.org/W2887270943"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Collecting":[0],"large-scene":[1,77,93,230],"synthetic":[2],"aperture":[3],"radar":[4],"(SAR)":[5],"images":[6,50,184,232],"with":[7,76,233],"targets":[8],"of":[9,48,87,154],"interest":[10],"(TOI)":[11],"has":[12,166],"been":[13,167],"a":[14,27,41,65,112,143],"challenging":[15],"task.":[16],"To":[17],"embed":[18],"TOI":[19,34,57,74,88,196],"slices":[20,58,75,78,89,197],"into":[21,59],"measured":[22],"large":[23,60,192],"scenes":[24],"can":[25,210],"be":[26,211],"good":[28],"solution.":[29],"Current":[30],"methods":[31],"for":[32,173,187,214],"SAR":[33,66,215,231,235],"slice":[35],"generation":[36],"are":[37,185],"mainly":[38],"based":[39],"on":[40],"single":[42],"data":[43,172,209],"source.":[44],"Poor":[45],"background":[46,68,86,94,105,175,182],"variability":[47],"generated":[49,180,195,208],"leads":[51],"to":[52,92,101,150,169],"difficulty":[53],"in":[54,133,220,228],"naturally":[55],"embedding":[56],"scenes.":[61],"This":[62],"article":[63],"presents":[64],"target":[67,98,104,134,155,217,241],"conversion":[69,110,183],"network":[70],"(BCNet)":[71],"which":[72],"combines":[73],"under":[79],"the":[80,97,103,122,128,152,179,207,240],"same":[81],"operating":[82],"condition":[83],"(SOC).":[84],"The":[85,125,201],"is":[90,111,136,148],"converted":[91],"while":[95],"preserving":[96],"scattering":[99,158],"characteristics":[100,153],"enhance":[102],"diversity":[106],"and":[107,117,141,157,194,223,238],"variability.":[108],"Background":[109],"special":[113],"image":[114,162],"style":[115],"transfer,":[116],"BCNet":[118],"uses":[119],"CycleGAN":[120],"as":[121],"baseline":[123,129],"model.":[124],"problem":[126],"that":[127,206],"model":[130],"may":[131],"result":[132],"missing":[135],"analysed":[137],"by":[138],"Bayesian":[139],"theory,":[140],"then,":[142],"new":[144,161],"loss":[145],"function":[146],"Bysloss":[147],"designed":[149],"preserve":[151],"shadow":[156],"center.":[159],"A":[160],"fusion":[163,198],"module":[164],"(IFM)":[165],"developed":[168],"generate":[170],"training":[171],"robust":[174],"conversion.":[176],"In":[177],"addition,":[178],"high-quality":[181],"used":[186,213],"two-way":[188],"recognition":[189,218],"performance":[190],"verification,":[191,199],"scene":[193],"respectively.":[200],"experimental":[202],"results":[203],"have":[204,225],"shown":[205],"successfully":[212],"automatic":[216],"(ATR)":[219],"few-shot":[221],"conditions,":[222],"also":[224],"strong":[226],"potential":[227],"generating":[229],"TOI,":[234],"deception":[236],"jamming":[237],"augmenting":[239],"detection":[242],"dataset.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
