{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389371355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","title":"A New BiRNN-SVA Method for Side Lobe Suppression","display_name":"A New BiRNN-SVA Method for Side Lobe Suppression","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389371355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10345642.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10345642.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022940980","display_name":"Shuyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2065-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026027596","display_name":"Yan Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1248-7114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110303172","display_name":"Yongqing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-2132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112113055","display_name":"Limin Zhai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Limin Zhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009360991","display_name":"Xiangkun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5953-9487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangkun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022940980"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":4.5236,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9464799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1167","last_page":"1175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-lobe","display_name":"Side lobe","score":0.9178255200386047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6430491209030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/main-lobe","display_name":"Main lobe","score":0.6402800679206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apodization","display_name":"Apodization","score":0.5801708698272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5239572525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5150353908538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4696490168571472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40433794260025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.3672228753566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3368515372276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.26243701577186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2219609022140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19083532691001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16167718172073364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181856588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2040092","display_name":"Side lobe","level":3,"score":0.9178255200386047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6430491209030151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166923610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673925","display_name":"Main lobe","level":3,"score":0.6402800679206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51427946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618827","display_name":"Apodization","level":2,"score":0.5801708698272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5239572525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5150353908538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.4696490168571472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40433794260025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.3672228753566742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3368515372276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.26243701577186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2219609022140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19083532691001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16167718172073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10345642.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4d4d82bb2b8f437583bc50e03085abd1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4d4d82bb2b8f437583bc50e03085abd1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 17, Pp 1167-1175 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3329228","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/10345642.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389371355.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389371355.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999702410","https://openalex.org/W2051198772","https://openalex.org/W2116207699","https://openalex.org/W2123269056","https://openalex.org/W2129986766","https://openalex.org/W2148505991","https://openalex.org/W2321585011","https://openalex.org/W2350865487","https://openalex.org/W2356120948","https://openalex.org/W2374201199","https://openalex.org/W2771437875","https://openalex.org/W2771973451","https://openalex.org/W2793898268","https://openalex.org/W2957158099","https://openalex.org/W3004023606","https://openalex.org/W3042309028","https://openalex.org/W3100303558","https://openalex.org/W4205132418","https://openalex.org/W4309977696","https://openalex.org/W4312958988","https://openalex.org/W4313144530","https://openalex.org/W4367146570","https://openalex.org/W4375869470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2170642318","https://openalex.org/W2061216600","https://openalex.org/W2571027187","https://openalex.org/W2167976608","https://openalex.org/W2136807521","https://openalex.org/W4226035616","https://openalex.org/W4285295732","https://openalex.org/W4388450089","https://openalex.org/W2728438627","https://openalex.org/W1935576686"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,90,126,161],"spatially":[1],"variant":[2],"apodization":[3],"(SVA)":[4],"algorithm,":[5,65,183],"a":[6,49],"classic":[7],"super-resolution":[8],"method":[9,54,133,167],"for":[10],"synthetic":[11],"aperture":[12],"radar":[13,78],"(SAR)":[14],"images,":[15],"can":[16,134],"suppress":[17],"side":[18,34,51,74,82,107,148],"lobes":[19,35],"while":[20],"maintain":[21],"the":[22,25,30,46,56,63,70,96,106,112,120,123,131,155,165,178,184],"resolution":[23],"of":[24,32,38,77,95,122],"main":[26,39,71,113],"lobe.":[27],"To":[28],"address":[29],"problem":[31],"residual":[33],"or":[36],"loss":[37],"lobe":[40,52,72,75,83,108,114,149],"energy":[41,115],"in":[42,116],"improved":[43],"SVA":[44,64],"algorithms,":[45],"article":[47],"proposes":[48],"new":[50],"suppression":[53,84,109],"combining":[55],"bidirectional":[57],"recurrent":[58],"neural":[59],"network":[60],"(BiRNN)":[61],"and":[62,73,111,144,151,158,172,181,187,193,196,199],"employing":[66],"BiRNN":[67],"to":[68,80,103,118,137,154,177],"extract":[69],"features":[76],"data":[79,94,138],"achieve":[81],"at":[85,139],"any":[86,140],"Nyquist":[87,141],"sampling":[88,142],"rate.":[89],"land":[91],"flight":[92],"experiment":[93],"fully":[97],"polarized":[98],"microwave":[99],"scatterometer":[100],"is":[101],"used":[102],"quantitatively":[104],"evaluate":[105],"performance":[110],"order":[117],"verify":[119],"effectiveness":[121],"BiRNN-SVA":[124,132],"method.":[125],"experimental":[127],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"that":[130],"be":[135],"applied":[136],"rate":[143],"has":[145],"superior":[146],"peak":[147],"ratio":[150],"ISLR":[152],"compared":[153],"GSVA":[156,179],"algorithm":[157,180],"MSVA":[159,182],"algorithm.":[160],"image":[162,185],"processed":[163],"with":[164],"proposed":[166],"retains":[168],"more":[169],"fine":[170],"details":[171],"edge":[173],"features.":[174],"In":[175],"comparison":[176],"contrast":[186],"focus":[188],"have":[189],"increased":[190],"by":[191,197],"31.6%":[192],"3.6%,":[194],"respectively,":[195],"4.4%":[198],"1.1%.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
