{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379931311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","title":"Soil Salinity Inversion Model Based on BPNN Optimization Algorithm for UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing","display_name":"Soil Salinity Inversion Model Based on BPNN Optimization Algorithm for UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379931311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/10146424.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/10146424.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012309061","display_name":"Wenju Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-1842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenju Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-1842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029214336","display_name":"Hong M\u0101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8717-4422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114032454","display_name":"Chun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4967-9347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074865071","display_name":"Changquan Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22716506","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03panb555","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changquan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22716506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108073240","display_name":"Zongli Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155611","display_name":"Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04e698d63","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zongli Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Water Resources of the Peoples&#x0027;s Republic of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Water Resources of the Peoples&#x0027;s Republic of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":3.7087,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93806871,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"6038","last_page":"6047"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.7824186086654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7215947508811951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6213024258613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6199448108673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.5725005865097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salinity","display_name":"Salinity","score":0.5507166385650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.5432542562484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5169286131858826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4746808707714081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.4741104245185852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4335865378379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34068524837493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22631138563156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1737707555294037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1547923982143402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10140269994735718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.7824186086654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7215947508811951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6213024258613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6199448108673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5725005865097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.5507166385650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.5432542562484741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5169286131858826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4746808707714081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.4741104245185852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4335865378379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34068524837493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22631138563156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1737707555294037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1547923982143402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10140269994735718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/10146424.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce1864239b00402eb6ad9c648f2c62cc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce1864239b00402eb6ad9c648f2c62cc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Pp 6038-6047 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3284019","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/10146424.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2498909072","display_name":"\u538b\u7802\u5730\u571f\u58e4\u6c34\u70ed\u76d0\u8026\u5408\u8fc1\u79fb\u673a\u5236\u53ca\u8c03\u63a7\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51869010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379931311.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379931311.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980467157","https://openalex.org/W1984638002","https://openalex.org/W1997964326","https://openalex.org/W2003490955","https://openalex.org/W2004777624","https://openalex.org/W2060650801","https://openalex.org/W2070599033","https://openalex.org/W2074838258","https://openalex.org/W2077048558","https://openalex.org/W2077689075","https://openalex.org/W2096990904","https://openalex.org/W2106860166","https://openalex.org/W2170956682","https://openalex.org/W2233456439","https://openalex.org/W2329476579","https://openalex.org/W2523253747","https://openalex.org/W2560636001","https://openalex.org/W2593077254","https://openalex.org/W2602837914","https://openalex.org/W2804334293","https://openalex.org/W2893188571","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2921506977","https://openalex.org/W2923833971","https://openalex.org/W2934977212","https://openalex.org/W2942005187","https://openalex.org/W2945340380","https://openalex.org/W2953026644","https://openalex.org/W2965161941","https://openalex.org/W2996333061","https://openalex.org/W3003436086","https://openalex.org/W3003854655","https://openalex.org/W3022903766","https://openalex.org/W3025202834","https://openalex.org/W3026696224","https://openalex.org/W3028583087","https://openalex.org/W3082629838","https://openalex.org/W3094642491","https://openalex.org/W3104748058","https://openalex.org/W3112078650","https://openalex.org/W3133459270","https://openalex.org/W3136563782","https://openalex.org/W3145407161","https://openalex.org/W3156887700","https://openalex.org/W3199698081","https://openalex.org/W3206401366","https://openalex.org/W3208610602","https://openalex.org/W4213061334","https://openalex.org/W4224290201","https://openalex.org/W4285108344","https://openalex.org/W6773847562","https://openalex.org/W6776991075","https://openalex.org/W6785338146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318664220","https://openalex.org/W2771047279","https://openalex.org/W4388409104","https://openalex.org/W2124951708","https://openalex.org/W1544811710","https://openalex.org/W172072032","https://openalex.org/W2006066416","https://openalex.org/W3157073418","https://openalex.org/W2021642829","https://openalex.org/W2058127401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapid":[0],"and":[1,47,68,99,112,122,147,159,170,188,197,209,228],"accurate":[2],"inversion":[3,27,89,154,168,199,215],"of":[4,22,28,50,116,144,151,166,180,193,205,223,226,230,241],"soil":[5,52],"salinity":[6,29,54,59,76,88,153,214,237],"is":[7,37,211],"a":[8,70,81],"key":[9],"scientific":[10],"problem":[11],"that":[12,133,204],"needs":[13],"to":[14,19,74,84,105,124],"be":[15],"solved":[16],"urgently.":[17],"Due":[18],"the":[20,43,64,86,107,113,117,126,134,141,149,152,156,164,174,191,194,206,212],"accuracy":[21,192,239],"UAV":[23,44,242],"multispectral":[24,45,243],"remote":[25],"sensing":[26],"based":[30],"on":[31],"back":[32],"propagation":[33],"neural":[34],"network":[35],"(BPNN)":[36],"low,":[38],"in":[39,178],"this":[40],"study,":[41],"used":[42],"image":[46],"field":[48],"measurements":[49],"60":[51],"surface":[53],"as":[55],"data":[56],"sources,":[57],"16":[58],"indexs":[60],"were":[61,103,120],"constructed":[62],"using":[63],"extracted":[65],"spectral":[66,145],"reflectance,":[67],"performed":[69],"gray":[71],"relation":[72],"analysis":[73],"screen":[75],"index":[77],"features":[78],"after":[79],"applying":[80],"film":[82],"removal":[83],"construct":[85],"BPNN":[87,108,167,207],"model.":[90],"Particle":[91],"swarm":[92],"optimization":[93,114,128,176,183],"(PSO),":[94],"thinking":[95],"evolutionary":[96],"algorithm":[97,101,172],"(MEA),":[98],"genetic":[100],"(GA)":[102],"applied":[104],"optimize":[106,125],"inverse":[109,181],"model,":[110,169,208,216],"respectively,":[111],"capabilities":[115],"four":[118],"algorithms":[119],"compared":[121],"evaluated":[123],"best":[127,175,213],"algorithm.":[129],"The":[130],"results":[131],"showed":[132],"GRA":[135],"variable":[136],"screening":[137],"can":[138,161,234],"effectively":[139,162,235],"remove":[140],"redundant":[142],"information":[143],"parameters":[146],"reduce":[148],"complexity":[150],"model;":[155],"PSO,":[157],"MEA,":[158],"GA":[160,171],"improve":[163],"robusticity":[165],"has":[173],"effect":[177],"terms":[179],"model":[182],"effect,":[184],"followed":[185],"by":[186],"MEA":[187],"PSO":[189],"algorithms;":[190],"PSO-BPNN,":[195],"MEA-BPNN,":[196],"GA-BPNN":[198,210],"models":[200],"are":[201],"better":[202],"than":[203],"which":[217],"achieves":[218],"R":[219],"<sup":[220],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[221],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[222],"0.6659,":[224],"RMSE":[225],"0.0751,":[227],"RPD":[229],"2.0211.":[231],"This":[232],"approach":[233],"solve":[236],"monitoring":[238],"issues":[240],"inversion.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}