{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321021245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","title":"Roof Segmentation From Airborne LiDAR Using Octree-Based Hybrid Region Growing and Boundary Neighborhood Verification Voting","display_name":"Roof Segmentation From Airborne LiDAR Using Octree-Based Hybrid Region Growing and Boundary Neighborhood Verification Voting","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321021245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349828","display_name":"Ke Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5407-3860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ke Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452333","display_name":"Hongchao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5197-5471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongchao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044035846","display_name":"Liang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-6173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75900474","display_name":"Hubei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a60m280","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75900474"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75900474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041134002","display_name":"Xiaoli Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5998-1702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173899330","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoli Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Henan University, Kaifeng, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Henan University, Kaifeng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053570811","display_name":"Dachang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dachang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101847418","display_name":"Yihang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-832X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100349828"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":2.1373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85781769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"2134","last_page":"2146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7731213569641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roof","display_name":"Roof","score":0.7161094546318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/octree","display_name":"Octree","score":0.6759994029998779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.620846152305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5676363110542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5634434223175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.5327375531196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5001976490020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.4912373423576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.4284258186817169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4250807762145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.23385873436927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.19259926676750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1636604368686676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11449182033538818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7731213569641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83180","display_name":"Roof","level":2,"score":0.7161094546318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141297171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143237","display_name":"Octree","level":2,"score":0.6759994029998779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.620846152305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5676363110542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5634434223175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.5327375531196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5001976490020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.4912373423576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.4284258186817169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4250807762145996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.23385873436927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19259926676750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1636604368686676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11449182033538818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c01d7fff77484f9c94902a892de5a5e4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c01d7fff77484f9c94902a892de5a5e4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Pp 2134-2146 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2023.3244275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2018342427","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42201465","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2495005317","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41601504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19756496","https://openalex.org/W46659105","https://openalex.org/W1987058898","https://openalex.org/W1996749420","https://openalex.org/W2000018820","https://openalex.org/W2001303383","https://openalex.org/W2002899493","https://openalex.org/W2017776197","https://openalex.org/W2024276620","https://openalex.org/W2035850930","https://openalex.org/W2038771072","https://openalex.org/W2041642242","https://openalex.org/W2046434485","https://openalex.org/W2051956109","https://openalex.org/W2057658876","https://openalex.org/W2057895495","https://openalex.org/W2060223645","https://openalex.org/W2077264955","https://openalex.org/W2079448160","https://openalex.org/W2101309634","https://openalex.org/W2104525659","https://openalex.org/W2108402667","https://openalex.org/W2108569747","https://openalex.org/W2113137767","https://openalex.org/W2117186870","https://openalex.org/W2143516773","https://openalex.org/W2148432646","https://openalex.org/W2205809928","https://openalex.org/W2281280694","https://openalex.org/W2325451666","https://openalex.org/W2529970009","https://openalex.org/W2566705929","https://openalex.org/W2651598648","https://openalex.org/W2792376557","https://openalex.org/W2794382294","https://openalex.org/W2886791034","https://openalex.org/W2901482071","https://openalex.org/W2982281873","https://openalex.org/W2984240274","https://openalex.org/W2991512114","https://openalex.org/W2996028473","https://openalex.org/W3009072206","https://openalex.org/W3017166185","https://openalex.org/W3017740917","https://openalex.org/W3022849266","https://openalex.org/W3028418844","https://openalex.org/W3081634424","https://openalex.org/W3092780890","https://openalex.org/W3092875526","https://openalex.org/W3126266918","https://openalex.org/W3135049845","https://openalex.org/W3201058689","https://openalex.org/W4207078053","https://openalex.org/W4224309137","https://openalex.org/W6602002561","https://openalex.org/W6622109329"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3083637823","https://openalex.org/W4226195147","https://openalex.org/W64528777","https://openalex.org/W2517104666","https://openalex.org/W4310264062","https://openalex.org/W2976989770","https://openalex.org/W2005437358","https://openalex.org/W1669643531","https://openalex.org/W2039154422","https://openalex.org/W4294892317"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Building":[0],"roof":[1,53,64,71,80,140,159,202,230,241],"segmentation":[2,81],"is":[3,28,49,93,99,130,149],"a":[4,79,217],"key":[5],"step":[6],"in":[7,121,246],"the":[8,31,57,62,77,102,122,126,153,157,163,166,184,209,228,233,239],"process":[9],"of":[10,30,40,165,176],"three-dimensional":[11],"(3D)":[12],"building":[13,104],"reconstruction":[14],"using":[15,83,170],"airborne":[16],"Light":[17],"Detection":[18],"and":[19,44,61,88,113,169,189,193,216],"Ranging":[20],"(LiDAR)":[21],"point":[22],"cloud":[23],"data.":[24],"Voxel-based":[25],"region":[26,86,128],"growing":[27,87,129],"one":[29],"most":[32],"widely":[33],"used":[34,150,245],"methods":[35],"to":[36,51,56,106,137,151,156,227],"segment":[37,138],"planes":[38,54,72,160,203,231,242],"because":[39],"its":[41],"high":[42],"efficiency":[43],"easy":[45,50],"implementation,":[46],"but":[47],"it":[48],"omit":[52],"due":[55],"unreasonable":[58],"voxel":[59],"size":[60],"complex":[63],"structures.":[65],"In":[66,221],"addition,":[67,222],"boundaries":[68],"between":[69],"adjacent":[70],"are":[73,119,225],"inaccurate.":[74],"To":[75],"solve":[76],"issues,":[78],"method":[82,211],"octree-based":[84,97],"hybrid":[85,127],"boundary":[89,144,154,167,223],"neighborhood":[90,145,172,234],"verification":[91,146,235],"voting":[92,147,236],"proposed.":[94],"First,":[95],"an":[96],"voxelization":[98],"performed":[100],"on":[101,132],"raw":[103],"points":[105,115,117,155,168,224],"generate":[107],"two":[108,134,180,194],"basic":[109,135],"units:":[110],"planar":[111,123],"voxels":[112],"individual":[114],"(i.e.,":[116],"that":[118,201],"not":[120],"voxels).":[124],"Then,":[125],"conducted":[131],"these":[133],"units":[136],"coarse":[139],"planes.":[141],"A":[142],"parameter-free":[143],"strategy":[148],"assign":[152],"correct":[158,229],"by":[161,183,198,208,232],"verifying":[162],"neighborhoods":[164],"reliable":[171],"information.":[173],"Experimental":[174],"results":[175],"four":[177],"datasets,":[178],"including":[179],"datasets":[181,196],"provided":[182,197],"International":[185],"Society":[186],"for":[187],"Photogrammetry":[188],"Remote":[190],"Sensing":[191],"(ISPRS),":[192],"high-density":[195],"OpenTopography,":[199],"verify":[200],"can":[204,243],"be":[205,244],"successfully":[206],"segmented":[207,240],"proposed":[210],"with":[212],"over":[213],"96.8%":[214],"completeness":[215],"minimum":[218],"93.2%":[219],"correctness.":[220],"assigned":[226],"strategy.":[237],"Thus,":[238],"various":[247],"applications.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
