{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313040592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","title":"A Two-Step Ensemble-Based Genetic Algorithm for Land Cover Classification","display_name":"A Two-Step Ensemble-Based Genetic Algorithm for Land Cover Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313040592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/09966803.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/09966803.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651883","display_name":"Yang Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4744-7008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068336830","display_name":"Wei Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-2664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-2664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008256662","display_name":"Yinghui Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-9441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghui Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-9441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046538842","display_name":"Wenxing Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-5824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019309368","display_name":"North Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xjevr11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxing Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019309368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044570096","display_name":"Gabriel Dauphin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-6702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091279","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/0199hds37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091279"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Dauphin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Information Processing and Transmission, Institut Galil&#x00E9;e, University Paris XIII, Villetaneuse, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-6702","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Information Processing and Transmission, Institut Galil&#x00E9;e, University Paris XIII, Villetaneuse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053605464","display_name":"Yijia Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5517-7143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijia Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5517-7143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025092193","display_name":"Aifeng Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1129-5601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aifeng Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1129-5601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021408538","display_name":"Mengdao Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-0915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengdao Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-0915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.4434,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63413523,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"409","last_page":"418"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7603402137756348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5903094410896301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.48737555742263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4762692153453827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.46189677715301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4575764834880829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4461617171764374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.43888336420059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.43446481227874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.4294441044330597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.41467082500457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3605090379714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3424907922744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2733193635940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.16927295923233032}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7603402137756348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5903094410896301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.48737555742263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4762692153453827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.46189677715301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4575764834880829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4461617171764374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.43888336420059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.43446481227874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4294441044330597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.41467082500457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3605090379714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3424907922744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2733193635940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.16927295923233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/09966803.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03915376v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03915376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2023, 16, pp.409-418. &#x27E8;10.1109/JSTARS.2022.3225665&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03915380v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03915380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2023, 16, pp.409-418. &#x27E8;10.1109/JSTARS.2022.3225665&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3e9050ea04b64d73b58adaf44d802a2e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3e9050ea04b64d73b58adaf44d802a2e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Pp 409-418 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3225665","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9973430/09966803.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2746177308","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CXY-2020-094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318560","funder_display_name":"Yulin Science and Technology Bureau"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3706837877","display_name":"SiGe BiCMOS\u5de5\u827a\u4f4e\u566a\u58f0\u653e\u5927\u5668\u7535\u8def\u7a7a\u95f4\u5355\u7c92\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u7535\u8377\u6536\u96c6\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"12005159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4840223945","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u5f39\u8f7d\u5fae\u6ce2\u524d\u89c6\u4e09\u7ef4\u6210\u50cf\u5236\u5bfc\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u53ef\u91cd\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772397","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6419395077","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201438","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318560","display_name":"Yulin Science and Technology Bureau","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313040592.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4313040592.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589895371","https://openalex.org/W1992147426","https://openalex.org/W2018746287","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2062588482","https://openalex.org/W2076777984","https://openalex.org/W2083969383","https://openalex.org/W2148659629","https://openalex.org/W2165012164","https://openalex.org/W2172142075","https://openalex.org/W2203598720","https://openalex.org/W2276915573","https://openalex.org/W2581419616","https://openalex.org/W2616910958","https://openalex.org/W2743438247","https://openalex.org/W2762233098","https://openalex.org/W2785177491","https://openalex.org/W2811317257","https://openalex.org/W2900085600","https://openalex.org/W2901602964","https://openalex.org/W2927127974","https://openalex.org/W2946655868","https://openalex.org/W2950480201","https://openalex.org/W2950528622","https://openalex.org/W2953926847","https://openalex.org/W2957718075","https://openalex.org/W2964194231","https://openalex.org/W2968196002","https://openalex.org/W2992995408","https://openalex.org/W3003166104","https://openalex.org/W3019470842","https://openalex.org/W3029242188","https://openalex.org/W3036616251","https://openalex.org/W3089265466","https://openalex.org/W3107669251","https://openalex.org/W3139236115","https://openalex.org/W3158708767","https://openalex.org/W3159431528","https://openalex.org/W3165866168","https://openalex.org/W3172627855","https://openalex.org/W3174597340","https://openalex.org/W3199869787","https://openalex.org/W3201218645","https://openalex.org/W3205583495","https://openalex.org/W3208192327","https://openalex.org/W3212929509","https://openalex.org/W3213181250","https://openalex.org/W3214533654","https://openalex.org/W3215369359","https://openalex.org/W4200000656","https://openalex.org/W4205832130","https://openalex.org/W4226048752","https://openalex.org/W4281744914","https://openalex.org/W6771731435"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3135697610","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W1647606319","https://openalex.org/W2922442631","https://openalex.org/W4390494008","https://openalex.org/W2053596378","https://openalex.org/W2168523118","https://openalex.org/W2088899772"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"land":[1,4],"use":[2],"and":[3,17,52,87,120,133,171],"cover":[5],"(LULC)":[6],"maps":[7],"are":[8,83,90,146],"effective":[9],"tools":[10],"to":[11,32,77,85,92,114,130,148],"help":[12],"achieve":[13,172],"sound":[14],"urban":[15],"planning":[16],"precision":[18],"agriculture.":[19],"As":[20],"an":[21],"intelligent":[22],"optimization":[23],"technology,":[24],"genetic":[25],"algorithm":[26,174,189],"(GA)":[27],"has":[28],"been":[29],"successfully":[30],"applied":[31],"various":[33],"image":[34,167],"classification":[35,64],"tasks":[36],"in":[37,96,143],"recent":[38],"years.":[39],"However,":[40],"simple":[41],"GA":[42,68],"faces":[43],"challenges,":[44],"such":[45],"as":[46,111],"complex":[47],"calculation,":[48],"poor":[49],"noise":[50],"immunity,":[51],"slow":[53],"convergence.":[54,175],"This":[55],"research":[56,141],"proposes":[57],"a":[58,66],"two-step":[59],"ensemble":[60,72,106],"protocol":[61],"for":[62,101],"LULC":[63],"using":[65],"grayscale-spatial-based":[67],"model.":[69],"The":[70,104,156],"first":[71],"framework":[73,107],"uses":[74,108],"fuzzy":[75],"c-means":[76],"classify":[78],"pixels":[79],"into":[80],"those":[81,88],"that":[82,89,159],"difficult":[84],"cluster":[86],"easy":[91],"cluster,":[93],"which":[94,126],"aids":[95],"reducing":[97],"the":[98,117,124,131,150,153,160,166,178,181,187],"search":[99],"space":[100],"evolutionary":[102],"computation.":[103],"second":[105],"neighborhood":[109],"windows":[110],"heuristic":[112],"information":[113],"adaptively":[115],"modify":[116],"objective":[118],"function":[119],"mutation":[121],"probability":[122],"of":[123,135,152],"GA,":[125],"brings":[127],"valuable":[128],"benefits":[129],"discrimination":[132],"decision":[134],"GA.":[136],"In":[137],"this":[138],"study,":[139],"three":[140],"areas":[142],"Dangyang,":[144],"China,":[145],"utilized":[147],"validate":[149],"effectiveness":[151],"proposed":[154,161,188],"method.":[155],"experiments":[157],"show":[158],"method":[162],"can":[163],"effectively":[164],"maintain":[165],"details,":[168],"restrain":[169],"noise,":[170],"rapid":[173],"Compared":[176],"with":[177],"reference":[179],"methods,":[180],"best":[182],"overall":[183],"accuracy":[184],"obtained":[185],"by":[186],"is":[190],"88.72%.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2023-01-06T00:00:00"}
