{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295935090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","title":"Automated Semantics and Topology Representation of Residential-Building Space Using Floor-Plan Raster Maps","display_name":"Automated Semantics and Topology Representation of Residential-Building Space Using Floor-Plan Raster Maps","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295935090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09893304.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09893304.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772177","display_name":"Bisheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-0803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bisheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-0803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019703318","display_name":"Tengping Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-1969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tengping Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-1969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035592893","display_name":"Weitong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8644-534X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weitong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056603636","display_name":"Yuzhou Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-1271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhou Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060490956","display_name":"Lei Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9498-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education of P.R.C., Engineering Research Center for Spatio-temporal Data Smart Acquisition and Application, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":1.4204,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78374912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"7809","last_page":"7825"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floor-plan","display_name":"Floor plan","score":0.8443161249160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raster-graphics","display_name":"Raster graphics","score":0.7506246566772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7190431356430054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5846262574195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5605075359344482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.5220144391059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3329685926437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29863378405570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.17985472083091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1491701900959015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11208665370941162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61056293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18965","display_name":"Floor plan","level":2,"score":0.8443161249160767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181844469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182270","display_name":"Raster graphics","level":2,"score":0.7506246566772461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7190431356430054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5846262574195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5605075359344482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.5220144391059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3329685926437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29863378405570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.17985472083091736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1491701900959015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11208665370941162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09893304.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:607ee76af9794eb1ae6f9726d0aedcef","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/607ee76af9794eb1ae6f9726d0aedcef","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Pp 7809-7825 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3205746","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09893304.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2295066577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41725005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","funder_display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2298411419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41071268","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336125","display_name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295935090.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4295935090.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1132527629","https://openalex.org/W1681778506","https://openalex.org/W1832962863","https://openalex.org/W1898543992","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2008822987","https://openalex.org/W2017772803","https://openalex.org/W2020533566","https://openalex.org/W2035993322","https://openalex.org/W2117948387","https://openalex.org/W2204699746","https://openalex.org/W2518965973","https://openalex.org/W2560622558","https://openalex.org/W2569272946","https://openalex.org/W2737911916","https://openalex.org/W2754533652","https://openalex.org/W2779637370","https://openalex.org/W2792376557","https://openalex.org/W2795276939","https://openalex.org/W2798943056","https://openalex.org/W2800336479","https://openalex.org/W2806060390","https://openalex.org/W2807873399","https://openalex.org/W2891284484","https://openalex.org/W2895065325","https://openalex.org/W2902218628","https://openalex.org/W2902957614","https://openalex.org/W2911823761","https://openalex.org/W2933294266","https://openalex.org/W2953367155","https://openalex.org/W2962850830","https://openalex.org/W2962966483","https://openalex.org/W2963695965","https://openalex.org/W2964076802","https://openalex.org/W2969869240","https://openalex.org/W2983765792","https://openalex.org/W2984769683","https://openalex.org/W2986336497","https://openalex.org/W2988047783","https://openalex.org/W2997944991","https://openalex.org/W3001213871","https://openalex.org/W3004190186","https://openalex.org/W3004478710","https://openalex.org/W3006586355","https://openalex.org/W3021945924","https://openalex.org/W3033239261","https://openalex.org/W3034276161","https://openalex.org/W3034616321","https://openalex.org/W3035288577","https://openalex.org/W3041229267","https://openalex.org/W3092365151","https://openalex.org/W3099345087","https://openalex.org/W3104057576","https://openalex.org/W3107547765","https://openalex.org/W3109475013","https://openalex.org/W3111135479","https://openalex.org/W3128508924","https://openalex.org/W3130804918","https://openalex.org/W3163552336","https://openalex.org/W3167976421","https://openalex.org/W3173193115","https://openalex.org/W3175410924","https://openalex.org/W3176366763","https://openalex.org/W3203877416","https://openalex.org/W3204718685","https://openalex.org/W3208263153","https://openalex.org/W3215666658","https://openalex.org/W4226099359","https://openalex.org/W6773232733","https://openalex.org/W6791195132"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093392189","https://openalex.org/W2743147667","https://openalex.org/W2773877060","https://openalex.org/W1587389446","https://openalex.org/W2386874685","https://openalex.org/W2060977224","https://openalex.org/W2518281611","https://openalex.org/W2029462932","https://openalex.org/W1965226578","https://openalex.org/W1983276297"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatically":[0],"representing":[1,82],"the":[2,60,83,111,114,121,133,156,161,168,196],"semantics":[3,32,84,157],"and":[4,21,33,41,48,62,85,139,158,190],"topology":[5,34,86,159],"of":[6,65,80,87,155,160,195],"indoor":[7,22,29,66,88,162],"building":[8,198],"spaces":[9,30,89],"from":[10,68,90,102],"floor-plans":[11,103],"is":[12,56,118,137],"necessary":[13],"for":[14,51,183,187],"many":[15],"applications,":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18],"architectural":[19,192],"design":[20],"renovations.":[23],"Extensive":[24],"studies":[25],"have":[26],"investigated":[27],"reconstructing":[28],"with":[31,125,144],"using":[35,104,128],"professional":[36],"means":[37],"(e.g.,":[38],"laser":[39],"scanning":[40],"photogrammetry).":[42],"Floor-plan":[43],"raster":[44,70,92],"maps":[45],"are":[46],"widely":[47],"freely":[49],"available":[50],"various":[52],"purposes.":[53],"Nevertheless,":[54],"there":[55],"little":[57],"research":[58],"on":[59],"semantic":[61],"topological":[63,126],"representation":[64,124,154],"elements":[67],"floor-plan":[69,91,134],"maps.":[71,93],"To":[72],"fill":[73],"this":[74],"gap,":[75],"we":[76],"propose":[77],"a":[78,105,145,152],"method":[79,96,170,181],"automatically":[81],"The":[94,179],"proposed":[95,169,180],"first":[97],"identifies":[98],"basic":[99],"geometric":[100,116],"primitives":[101,117],"learning-based":[106],"hierarchical":[107],"segmentation":[108],"approach.":[109],"Second,":[110],"relationship":[112],"between":[113],"detected":[115],"assembled":[119],"into":[120],"planar":[122],"structure":[123,136],"data":[127],"mixed":[129],"integer":[130],"programming.":[131],"Finally,":[132],"graph":[135],"checked":[138],"optimized":[140],"to":[141],"maintain":[142],"consistency":[143],"polygonal":[146],"coordinate":[147],"descent":[148],"strategy,":[149],"resulting":[150],"in":[151,175],"correct":[153],"space.":[163],"Comprehensive":[164],"evaluations":[165],"demonstrate":[166],"that":[167],"effectively":[171],"achieves":[172],"superior":[173],"performance":[174],"three":[176],"different":[177],"datasets.":[178],"allows":[182],"3D":[184],"model":[185,193],"popups":[186],"better":[188],"visualizations":[189],"direct":[191],"manipulations":[194],"interior":[197],"layouts":[199],"computation.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}